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Nancy Gruver
Nancy Lois Gordon Gruver (August 12, 1931 – January 28, 1990) was an American bridge player. She won more than a dozen American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) "national" championships and finished second in two world championships. Gruver graduated from the University of Maryland and lived for some time in Ellicott City, Maryland. She died of a heart attack at Howard County General Hospital in Columbia, survived by her husband John A. Gruver, one daughter and one son. In World Bridge Federation (WBF) competition, her second-place finishes were in 1966, playing with Sue Sachs in the second quadrennial World Women Pairs Championship, and in 1981 Venice Cup, playing with Edith Kemp on the 6-person USA women team. Bridge accomplishments Wins * North American Bridge Championships (14) ** Rockwell Mixed Pairs (1) 1977 ** Whitehead Women's Pairs (2) 1965, 1986 ** Smith Life Master Women's Pairs (3) 1967, 1979, 1981 ** Machlin Women's Swiss Teams (1) 1982 ** Wagar Women's Knockou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contract Bridge
Contract bridge, or simply bridge, is a trick-taking card game using a standard 52-card deck. In its basic format, it is played by four players in two competing partnerships, with partners sitting opposite each other around a table. Millions of people play bridge worldwide in clubs, tournaments, online and with friends at home, making it one of the world's most popular card games, particularly among seniors. The World Bridge Federation (WBF) is the governing body for international competitive bridge, with numerous other bodies governing it at the regional level. The game consists of a number of , each progressing through four phases. The cards are dealt to the players; then the players ''call'' (or ''bid'') in an auction seeking to take the , specifying how many tricks the partnership receiving the contract (the declaring side) needs to take to receive points for the deal. During the auction, partners use their bids to also exchange information about their hands, including o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whitehead Women's Pairs
The Whitehead Women's Pairs bridge championship is held at the spring American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC). The Whitehead Women's Pairs is a four-session matchpoint (MP) pairs event with two qualifying and two final sessions. The event typically starts on the second Thursday of the NABC and is restricted to female players. History The Whitehead Women’s Pairs is an event for partnerships consisting of two female players. There are two qualifying sessions, followed by two final sessions. The contest was held annually at the Summer North American Bridge Championship until 1962. That was changed the following year and subsequently contested at the Spring North American Bridge Championship. At stake is the Whitehead Trophy, donated in 1930 by Wilbur Whitehead of New York, a great bridge authority and a member of the team that won the Vanderbilt Cup in 1928, the first year it was in play. Whitehead (1866–1931) was president of the Simple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venice Cup Players
Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The islands are in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay lying between the mouths of the Po and the Piave rivers (more exactly between the Brenta and the Sile). In 2020, around 258,685 people resided in greater Venice or the ''Comune di Venezia'', of whom around 55,000 live in the historical island city of Venice (''centro storico'') and the rest on the mainland (''terraferma''). Together with the cities of Padua and Treviso, Venice is included in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area (PATREVE), which is considered a statistical metropolitan area, with a total population of 2.6 million. The name is derived from the ancient Veneti people who inhabited the region by the 10th century BC. The city was historically ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Contract Bridge Players
American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, people who self-identify their ancestry as "American" ** American English, the set of varieties of the English language native to the United States ** Native Americans in the United States, indigenous peoples of the United States * American, something of, from, or related to the Americas, also known as "America" ** Indigenous peoples of the Americas * American (word), for analysis and history of the meanings in various contexts Organizations * American Airlines, U.S.-based airline headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas * American Athletic Conference, an American college athletic conference * American Recordings (record label), a record label previously known as Def American * American University, in Washington, D.C. Sports teams Soccer * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 Deaths
Year 199 ( CXCIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was sometimes known as year 952 '' Ab urbe condita''. The denomination 199 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Mesopotamia is partitioned into two Roman provinces divided by the Euphrates, Mesopotamia and Osroene. * Emperor Septimius Severus lays siege to the city-state Hatra in Central-Mesopotamia, but fails to capture the city despite breaching the walls. * Two new legions, I Parthica and III Parthica, are formed as a permanent garrison. China * Battle of Yijing: Chinese warlord Yuan Shao defeats Gongsun Zan. Korea * Geodeung succeeds Suro of Geumgwan Gaya, as king of the Korean kingdom of Gaya (traditional date). By topic Religion * Pope Zephyrinus succeeds Pope Victor I, as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1931 Births
Events January * January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics. * January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa. * January 22 – Sir Isaac Isaacs is sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia. * January 25 – Mohandas Gandhi is again released from imprisonment in India. * January 27 – Pierre Laval forms a government in France. February * February 4 – Soviet leader Joseph Stalin gives a speech calling for rapid industrialization, arguing that only strong industrialized countries will win wars, while "weak" nations are "beaten". Stalin states: "We are fifty or a hundred years behind the advanced countries. We must make good this distance in ten years. Either we do it, or they will crush us." The first five-year plan in the Soviet Union is intensified, for the industrialization and collectivization of agriculture. * February 10 †... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chicago Mixed Board-a-Match
The Mixed Board-a-Match Teams is a bridge competition held at the summer American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC). From 2010 the event is officially the Freeman Mixed Board-a-Match Teams, as it is contested for the Richard Freeman Memorial Trophy, named for Richard Freeman (1933–2009). This is the fourth trophy in play, following Lebhar, Barclay, and Chicago. The event is a board-a-match team event. The event typically last 2–3 days with each day being a round consisting of two sessions of 26 boards. The event is open. History The Mixed Teams championship is one of the oldest ACBL events, first played in 1929. It is a four-session event with two qualifying and two final sessions. At one time it was restricted to players with at least 100 masterpoints (thus the name to 1995, "Master Mixed Teams") but now is an open event. It was originally known as the Master Mixed Teams. In 1996, the name changed to the present designation. From 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wagar Women's Knockout Teams
The Wagar Women's Knockout Teams national bridge championship is held at the summer American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC). The Wagar Women's Knockout Teams is a knock-out team event. The event is restricted to female players. History The Wagar Women's Knockout Teams is a competition for teams of four to six females that is scored by IMPs with Swiss qualifying. Until 1976 there was only one "National" Women's Team championship — and that was a board-a-match event. The winners have their names inscribed on the Wagar Trophy, which honors one of the all-time great players. Margaret Wagar (1902-1990), inducted into the ACBL Bridge Hall of Fame in 1999, became Life Master #37 in 1943, the fifth woman to earn the rank. She and Kay Rhodes share one of the most remarkable achievements in ACBL history, winning the premier championship for women pairs in four consecutive years, 1955 to 1958 (Whitehead Women's Pairs The Whitehead Women's Pairs b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machlin Women's Swiss Teams
The Machlin Women's Swiss Teams North American bridge championship is held at the spring American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC). The Machlin Women's Swiss Teams is a four-session Swiss Teams event with two qualifying and two final sessions. The event typically starts on the second Saturday of the NABC. The event is only open to female players. The event was dropped from the ACBL calendar effective 2018 and replaced with a two-day pairs event. History The Machlin Women's Swiss Teams competition is a two-day event with two qualifying sessions, followed by two final sessions. Scoring is by International Match Points (IMPs) converted to Victory Points In tabletop games and video games, game mechanics are the rules or ludemes that govern and guide the player's actions, as well as the game's response to them. A rule is an instruction on how to play, a ludeme is an element of play like the L-sha ... (VPs). The event began in 1982 and was o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smith Life Master Women's Pairs
The Smith Life Master Women's Pairs North American bridge championship is held at the fall American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC). The Smith Life Master Women's Pairs is a four session MP pairs event, two qualifying sessions and two final sessions. The event typically starts on the first Friday of the NABC. The event is restricted to female players that have achieved a Life Master rating. History The event was introduced in 1961. The event is named after Helen Sobel Smith who won 35 North American trophies. She is generally recognized as the best female player of all time. The parallel Life Master Men's Pairs was opened to women in 1990. No pair of women has won that event, but a few women have won the revised competition as part of a mixed pair, and the 1987 Women's winner Jill Meyers has won it twice. Winners Only one pair has defended its championship—on three occasions, as Mildred Breed and Shawn Quinn won annually from 1999 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rockwell Mixed Pairs
The Rockwell Mixed Pairs is a national bridge championship held regularly at the Spring American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC). The Rockwell Trophy, donated by Helen Rockwell in 1946, is presented to the winners. Originally contested at the Fall NABC, the event was moved to the Spring NABC in 1986. The event is a four-session matchpoint (MP) pairs event with two qualifying and two final sessions; each pair consists of one male and one female player. Winners Five pairs have won twice: * John Crawford and Margaret Wagar, who won in 1948 and successfully defended in 1949; they also finished second in 1947. Crawford also won with Dorothy Hayden in 1959. * Sidney Silodor and Helen Sobel, who won in 1955 and successfully defended in 1956. Silodor also won with Edith Rosenbloom in 1941. * Barry Crane and Kerri Sanborn (then Shuman) won in 1975 and 1982. They finished second in 1971, 1974, and 1977, as Kerri and Stephen Sanborn did in 2008. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Contract Bridge League
The American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) is a governing body for contract bridge in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Bermuda. It is the largest such organization in North America having the stated mission ''"to promote, grow and sustain the game of bridge and serve the bridge-related interests of our Members."'' Its major activities are: * sanctioning games at local bridge clubs and regional events * certifying bridge teachers and club directors * conducting the North American Bridge Championships (NABC) * providing education materials and services * administering the ACBL masterpoints system for tracking player performance * providing oversight for ethical behavior and play *Besides representing the interests of its members with the World Bridge Federation, , it had more than 165,000 members. History The ACBL was created in 1937 by the merger of the American Bridge League and the United States Bridge Association in 1937. At that time, its bridge tournaments were open only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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