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Nalchik
Nalchik (russian: Нальчик, p=ˈnalʲtɕɪk; Kabardian: //; krc, Нальчик //) is the capital city of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia, situated at an altitude of in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains; about northwest of Beslan (Beslan is in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania). It covers an area of . Population: History The territory of modern-day Nalchik was formerly known as Slabada. It was inhabited by native Kabardians, Balkars, Chechens, Adeki, and Cherkese, until around 1743; groups occasionally clashed over and dispute their claims to the land. The modern city dates from the early 19th century when the expanding Russian Empire built a fort there together with settling Mountain Jews in 1818; this date is seen at the top of the city's coat of arms. With the founding of the city of Nalchik, the disputes among the native groups calmed and life improved for the people in the region. In 1838, a Russian military settlement was founded in the ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mountain Jews
Mountain Jews or Caucasus Jews also known as Juhuro, Juvuro, Juhuri, Juwuri, Juhurim, Kavkazi Jews or Gorsky Jews ( he, יהודי קווקז ''Yehudey Kavkaz'' or ''Yehudey he-Harim''; russian: Горские евреи, translit=Gorskie Yevrei, az, Dağ Yəhudiləri) are Jews of the eastern and northern Caucasus, mainly Azerbaijan, and various republics in the Russian Federation: Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, Karachay-Cherkessia, and Kabardino-Balkaria. The Mountain Jews are the descendants of Persian Jews from Iran. Mountain Jews took shape as a community after Qajar Iran ceded the areas in which they lived to the Russian Empire as part of the Treaty of Gulistan of 1813. The forerunners of the Mountain Jewish community were in Ancient Persia from the 5th century BCE; their language, called Judeo-Tat, is an ancient Southwest Iranian language which integrates many elements of Ancient Hebrew."Mountain Jews: customs and daily life in the Caucasus'', Leʼah Miḳdash-Shema" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ioan Dumitrache
Ioan Dumitrache (25 August 1889 – 6 March 1977) was a Romanian major general during World War II, in command of the 2nd Mountain Division. His troops ('' vânători de munte'') were recognized as the elite troops of the Romanian Army throughout the campaign on the Eastern Front. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany, awarded to him for capturing Nalchik on November 2, 1942. Biography Early life He was born in Ciorăști in 1889, in what was then Râmnicu Sărat County (now Vrancea County), in the Muntenia region of Romania, the son of Gheorghe and Ioana Dumitrache. He attended the gymnasium in Râmnicu Sărat and the Alexandru Ioan Cuza High School in Focșani. In 1909 he was admitted to the Military School of Infantry Officers in Bucharest, from which he graduated in 1911 with the rank of second lieutenant. In 1913 he participated in the Second Balkan War, and was promoted to lieutenant in 1914. World War I and the interwar After Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terek Oblast
The Terek Oblast was a province (''oblast'') of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, roughly corresponding to the central part of Russia's North Caucasian Federal District. Тhe ''оblast'' was created out of the former territories of the North Caucasian Peoples, following their conquests by Russia throughout the 19th century. The Terek Oblast bordered the Astrakhan and Stavropol governorates to the north, the Kuban Oblast to the west, the Kutaisi and Tiflis governorates to the south, and the Dagestan Oblast to the east. The administrative center of the ''oblast'' was Vladikavkaz, the current capital of North Ossetia–Alania within Russia. Administrative divisions The districts (''okrugs''), Cossack districts ('' otdels''), and ' of the Terek Oblast in 1917 were as follows: Demographics Russian Empire census (1897) According to the Russian Empire census of 1897, the Terek Oblast had a population of 933,936, including 485,568 men and 448,368 women. The plurality of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabardino-Balkar Republic
The Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (russian: Кабарди́но-Балка́рская Респу́блика, ''Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika''; kbd, Къэбэрдей-Балъкъэр Республикэ, ''Ķêbêrdej-Baĺķêr Respublikê''; krc, Къабарты-Малкъар Республика, ''Qabartı-Malqar Respublika''), or Kabardino-Balkaria (russian: Кабарди́но-Балка́рия, ''Kabardino-Balkariya''), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) located in the North Caucasus. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 904,200 on . Its capital is Nalchik. The area contains the highest mountain in Europe, Mount Elbrus, at . Mount Elbrus has 22 glaciers that feed three rivers — Baksan, Malka and Kuban. The mountain is covered with snow year-round. Geography The republic is situated in the North Caucasus mountains, with plains in the northern part. The republic shares an international border with Georgia. *''Area'': *''Borders'': **''in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabardin Autonomous Oblast
The Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Oblast was an autonomous oblast within the Kabardino-Balkaria region of the Soviet Union. The Oblast was formed in 1921 as the Kabardin Autonomous Oblast before becoming the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Oblast on 16 January 1922. On 16 October 1924 it became part of the North Caucasus Krai, but was separated from it on 5 December 1936, elevated in status and renamed the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. See also *History of Kabardino-Balkaria *First Secretary of the Kabardino–Balkarian Communist Party First or 1st is the ordinal form of the number one (#1). First or 1st may also refer to: *World record, specifically the first instance of a particular achievement Arts and media Music * 1$T, American rapper, singer-songwriter, DJ, and reco ... References Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union States and territories established in 1921 1922 establishments in Russia 1936 disestablishments in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beslan
Beslan (russian: Бесла́н; os, Беслӕн, ''Beslæn'', ) is a town and the administrative center of Pravoberezhny District of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia, located about north of the republic's capital Vladikavkaz, close to the border with the Republic of Ingushetia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 36,728, making it the third largest town in the republic behind Vladikavkaz and Mozdok. It was previously known as ''Tulatovo/Tulatovskoye'' (until 1941) and ''Iriston'' (until 1950). History Beslan was founded in 1847 by migrants from elsewhere in Ossetia and was unofficially called Beslanykau ("the settlement of Beslan") after a local lord, Beslan Tulatov. In official use, however, the town was known after Tulatov's surname as Tulatovo or ''Tulatovskoye''. It was renamed Iriston (lit. ''Ossetia'') in 1941. From 1942 to 1943 the Germans tried to take Beslan, on the Adgyhea-Beslan-Mozdok line. In 1950, when the town was rapidly industria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karachay-Balkar Language
Karachay-Balkar (, ), or Mountain Turkic (, ), is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay–Cherkessia, European Russia, as well as by an immigrant population in Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. It is divided into two dialects: Karachay-Baksan-Chegem, which pronounces two phonemes as and and Malkar, which pronounces the corresponding phonemes as and . The modern Karachay-Balkar written language is based on the Karachay-Baksan-Chegem dialect. The language is closely related to Kumyk. Writing Historically, the Arabic alphabet had been used by first writers until 1924. Handwritten manuscripts of the Balkar poet Kazim Mechiev and other examples of literature have preserved to this day. First printed books in Karachay-Balkar language were published In the beginning of 20th century. After the October Revolution as part of a state campaign of Latinisation Karachay and Balkar educators developed a new alphabet based on Latin lette ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vânători De Munte
Vânători may refer to several places: Romania * Vânători, Galați, a commune in Galați County * Vânători, Iași, a commune in Iaşi County * Vânători, Mehedinți, a commune in Mehedinţi County * Vânători, Mureș, a commune in Mureș County * Vânători, Vrancea, a commune in Vrancea County * Vânători-Neamţ, a commune in Neamţ County * Vânători, a village in Mișca Commune, Arad County * Vânători, a village in Gorbănești Commune, Botoşani County * Vânători, a village in Ciucea Commune, Cluj County * Vânători, a village in Pecineaga Commune, Constanţa County * Vânători, a village in Popricani Commune, Iaşi County * Vânători, a village in Petrăchioaia Petrăchioaia is a commune in the east of Ilfov County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the no ... Commune, Ilfov County * Vânători, a village i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Front (World War II)
The Eastern Front of World War II was a Theater (warfare), theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Polish Armed Forces in the East, Poland and other Allies of World War II, Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltic states, Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. It was known as the Great Patriotic War (term), Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union – and still is in some of its successor states, while almost everywhere else it has been called the ''Eastern Front''. In present-day German and Ukrainian historiography the name German-Soviet War is typically used. The battles on the Eastern Front of the Second World War constituted the largest military confrontation in history. They were characterised by unprecedented ferocity and brutality, wholesale destruction, mass deportations, and immense loss of life due to combat, starvation, expos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
