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Ioan Dumitrache
Ioan Dumitrache (25 August 1889 – 6 March 1977) was a Romanian major general during World War II, in command of the 2nd Mountain Division. His troops ('' vânători de munte'') were recognized as the elite troops of the Romanian Army throughout the campaign on the Eastern Front. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany, awarded to him for capturing Nalchik on November 2, 1942. Biography Early life He was born in Ciorăști in 1889, in what was then Râmnicu Sărat County (now Vrancea County), in the Muntenia region of Romania, the son of Gheorghe and Ioana Dumitrache. He attended the gymnasium in Râmnicu Sărat and the Alexandru Ioan Cuza High School in Focșani. In 1909 he was admitted to the Military School of Infantry Officers in Bucharest, from which he graduated in 1911 with the rank of second lieutenant. In 1913 he participated in the Second Balkan War, and was promoted to lieutenant in 1914. World War I and the interwar After Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ciorăști
Ciorăști is a commune located in Vrancea County, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Ciorăști, Codrești, Mihălceni, Salcia Nouă, Salcia Veche, Satu Nou, and Spătăreasa. Natives *Ioan Dumitrache Ioan Dumitrache (25 August 1889 – 6 March 1977) was a Romanian major general during World War II, in command of the 2nd Mountain Division. His troops (''vânători de munte'') were recognized as the elite troops of the Romanian Army throughout ... (1889–1977), a major general during World War II, in command of the 2nd Mountain Division. References Communes in Vrancea County Localities in Muntenia {{Vrancea-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimean Offensive
The Crimean offensive (8 April – 12 May 1944), known in German sources as the Battle of the Crimea, was a series of offensives by the Red Army directed at the German-held Crimea. The Red Army's 4th Ukrainian Front engaged the German 17th Army of Army Group A, which consisted of Wehrmacht and Romanian formations. The battles ended with the evacuation of the Crimea by the Germans. German and Romanian forces suffered considerable losses during the evacuation. Prelude The Germans took control of the Crimean Peninsula after the Crimean Campaign in 1942. Kerch-Eltigen operation During late 1943 and early 1944, the Wehrmacht was pressed back along its entire front line in the east. In October 1943, the 17th Army withdrew from the Kuban bridgehead across the Kerch Strait into the Crimea. During the following months, the Red Army pushed back the Wehrmacht in southern Ukraine, eventually cutting off the land-based connection of 17th Army through the Perekop Isthmus in November 194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a dictatorship. Under Hitler's rule, Germany quickly became a totalitarian state where nearly all aspects of life were controlled by the government. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", alluded to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which Hitler and the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945 after just 12 years when the Allies defeated Germany, ending World War II in Europe. On 30 January 1933, Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany, the head of gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evenimentul Zilei
''Evenimentul Zilei'' is a formerly physical and now exclusively online newspaper in Romania. Its name means "today's even (news)". History and profile ''Evenimentul Zilei'' was founded by Ion Cristoiu, Cornel Nistorescu and Mihai Cârciog, and the first issue was published on 22 June 1992.Media Index. Evenimentul Zilei Euro Topics. Retrieved 6 December 2013 The newspaper reached its peak daily circulation of 675,000 in 1993. In 1997 chief editor Ion Cristoiu quit and this job was taken by Cornel Nistorescu. The newspaper was purchased along with its parent company Publishing in 1998 by the German company Gruner + Jahr (owned, in turn, by |
Romania In World War II
Following the outbreak of World War II on 1 September 1939, the Kingdom of Romania under King Carol II officially adopted a position of neutrality. However, the rapidly changing situation in Europe during 1940, as well as domestic political upheaval, undermined this stance. Fascist political forces such as the Iron Guard rose in popularity and power, urging an alliance with Nazi Germany and its allies. As the military fortunes of Romania's two main guarantors of territorial integrity—France and Britain—crumbled in the Fall of France (May to June, 1940), the government of Romania turned to Germany in hopes of a similar guarantee, unaware that the then-dominant European power had already granted its blessing to Soviet claims on Romanian territory in a secret protocol of 1939's Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In the summer of 1940 diplomacy resolved a series of territorial disputes in a manner unfavorable to Romania, resulting in the loss of most of the territory gained in the wake ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vânători De Munte
Vânători may refer to several places: Romania * Vânători, Galați, a commune in Galați County * Vânători, Iași, a commune in Iaşi County * Vânători, Mehedinți, a commune in Mehedinţi County * Vânători, Mureș, a commune in Mureș County * Vânători, Vrancea, a commune in Vrancea County * Vânători-Neamţ, a commune in Neamţ County * Vânători, a village in Mișca Commune, Arad County * Vânători, a village in Gorbănești Commune, Botoşani County * Vânători, a village in Ciucea Commune, Cluj County * Vânători, a village in Pecineaga Commune, Constanţa County * Vânători, a village in Popricani Commune, Iaşi County * Vânători, a village in Petrăchioaia Commune, Ilfov County * Vânători, a village in Lisa, Teleorman Lisa is a commune in Teleorman County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major General
Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a lieutenant general outranking a major general, whereas a major outranks a lieutenant. In the Commonwealth and in the United States, when appointed to a field command, a major general is typically in command of a division consisting of around 6,000 to 25,000 troops (several regiments or brigades). It is a two-star rank that is subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the rank of brigadier or brigadier general. In the Commonwealth, major general is equivalent to the navy rank of rear admiral. In air forces with a separate rank structure (Commonwealth), major general is equivalent to air vice-marshal. In some countries including much of Eastern Europe, major general is the lowest of the general officer ranks, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patriarch Miron Of Romania
Miron Cristea (; monastic name of Elie Cristea ; 20 July 1868 – 6 March 1939) was a Romanian cleric and politician. A bishop in Hungarian-ruled Transylvania, Cristea was elected Metropolitan-Primate of the Orthodox Church of the newly unified Greater Romania in 1919. As the Church was raised to a rank of Patriarchate, Miron Cristea was enthroned as the first Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church in 1925. In 1938, after Carol II banned political parties and established a royal dictatorship, he chose Cristea to be Prime Minister of Romania, a position from which he served for about a year, between 11 February 1938, and his death. Biography Early life Born in Toplița to Gheorghe and Domnița Cristea,Gheorghe Iancu"Membrii transilvăneni ai Academiei Române (sesiunea 1919)" in ''Anuarul Institutului de Istorie "George Bariţiu"'', Editura Academiei Române, 2007, ISSN 1584-4390 p. 73 a peasant family,"Patriarch Cristea of Rumania dies", ''New York Times'', 7 March 193 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Năsăud County
Năsăud County is one of the historic counties of Transylvania, Romania. The county seat was Bistrița. Geography Năsăud County was located in the north-central part of Greater Romania, in the north of Transylvania, covering . Currently, the territory that comprised Năsăud County is mostly included in the Bistrița-Năsăud County, while its eastern part belongs now to Suceava County. In the interwar period, the county was bordered on the south by Mureș County and a small part of Cluj County, to the west by Someș County, to the north by Maramureș County, and to the east by the counties of Câmpulung and Neamț. History The territory of Năsăud County was ceded to Romania by Hungary, as successor state to Austria-Hungary in the Treaty of Trianon (1920). Prior to then, the territory formed Beszterce-Naszód County in the Kingdom of Hungary. Romanian authorities established the county in 1925. In 1938, the county was disestablished and incorporated into the newly forme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prefect (Romania)
A prefect ( ro, prefect) in Romania represents the Government of Romania, Government in each of the country's 41 Counties of Romania, counties, as well as the Municipality of Bucharest. History The office traces its origin to the ''ispravnici'' who held office in the Danubian Principalities before these united in 1859. Two laws of 1864 introduced the office of prefect into the new Romanian state, modelled on the Prefect (France), French equivalent. Another law was enacted in 1872, while an 1883 law reduced the prefect's role to executing Government decisions. The office was strengthened by law in 1892; it was provided that "at the head of each county there is a prefect...named by royal decree, upon the recommendation of the Minister of the Interior...he represents the executive power in the entire district placed under his administration". The 1925 law for administrative unity regarded the prefect as the representative of the central authorities, with power to control local official ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carol I National Defence University
The Carol I National Defence University ( ro, Universitatea Națională de Apărare "Carol I" (UNAp)) is an institution of higher education, located in Bucharest, Romania. It was established in 1889 by Ștefan Fălcoianu under the name Higher War School. In 2005, it was renamed in honor of the Romanian King Carol I. The universities motto is "Great labor overcomes everything." The Carol I National Defence University seeks to train military and civilian experts in security and national defense. It undertakes scientific studies related to these matters when requested by relevant state authorities. The university is a member of the International Association for Military Pedagogy (IAMP), whose members include military and civilian professionals from military institutions of advanced learning. The main building of the University, built in 1937–1939, was designed by architect Duiliu Marcu Duiliu Marcu (25 March 1885 – 9 March 1966) was a Romanian architect, one of the most well kn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knight's Cross Of The Iron Cross
The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (german: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes), or simply the Knight's Cross (), and its variants, were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. The Knight's Cross was awarded for a wide range of reasons and across all ranks, from a senior commander for skilled leadership of his troops in battle to a low-ranking soldier for a single act of military valour. Presentations were made to members of the three military branches of the : the (army), the (navy) and the (air force), as well as the , the Reich Labour Service and the (German People storm militia), along with personnel from other Axis powers. The award was instituted on 1 September 1939, at the onset of the German invasion of Poland. The award was created to replace the many older merit and bravery neck awards of the German Empire. A higher grade, the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross, was instituted in 1940. In 1941, two higher grades ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
