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Naish Languages
The Naish languages are a low-level subgroup of Sino-Tibetan languages that include Naxi, Na (Mosuo), and Laze. Classification The Naish languages are: *Naish **'' Naxi'' **'' Na'' (Narua, Mosuo) **'' Laze'' In turn, Naish together with Namuyi and Shixing constitutes the Naic subgroup within Sino-Tibetan. Arguments for relatedness include irregular morphotonology: tone patterns of numeral-plus-classifier phrases that constitute shared structural properties. Since these similarities are phonetically nontransparent, they cannot be due to borrowing. Names Note that in Mainland China, the term "Naxi" is commonly used for the entire language group, e.g. by the influential linguistic introduction by He and Jiang (2015).Michaud, Alexis, He Limin & Zhong Yaoping. 2015.Naxi / Naish" In Rint Sybesma, Wolfgang Behr, Zev Handel & C.T. James Huang (eds.), ''Encyclopedia of Chinese Language and Linguistics''. Leiden: Brill. The terms "Naish" and "Naic" are derived from the endonym ''Na'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yunnan
Yunnan , () is a landlocked Provinces of China, province in Southwest China, the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, Sichuan, autonomous regions of Guangxi, and Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet as well as Southeast Asian countries: Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar. Yunnan is China's fourth least developed province based on disposable income per capita in 2014. Yunnan is situated in a mountainous area, with high elevations in the northwest and low elevations in the southeast. Most of the population lives in the eastern part of the province. In the west, the altitude can vary from the mountain peaks to river valleys by as much as . Yunnan is rich in natural resources and has the largest diversity of plant life in China. Of the approximately 30,000 species of Vascular plant, higher plants in China, Yu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Namuyi Language
Namuyi (Namuzi; autonym: ') is a poorly attested Tibeto-Burman and more specifically Naic language of Sichuan and Tibet. It has also been classified as Qiangic by Sun Hongkai (2001) and Guillaume Jacques (2011). The eastern and western dialects have low mutual intelligibility. In Sichuan, it is spoken in Muli County and Mianning County. The language is endangered and the number of speakers with fluency is decreasing year by year, as most teenagers do not speak the language, instead speaking the Sichuan dialect of Chinese. Geographical distribution Namuyi is a language spoken in the following four villages of southern Sichuan: *' (Namuyi name): Dàshuǐ Village 大水村, Mínshèng Township 民胜鄉, Xīchāng City (80 ethnic Namuyi) *' (Namuyi name): Хiǎngshuǐ Village 響水村, Xiǎngshuǐ Township 響水鄉, Xīchāng City (800 ethnic Namuyi) *' (Namuyi name): Dōngfēng Village 東風村, Zéyuǎn, Township 澤遠鄉, Miǎnníng County (560 ethnic Namuyi) *' (Namuyi na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bai People
The Bai, or Pai ( Bai: Baipho, (白和); ; endonym pronounced ), are an East Asian ethnic group native to the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, Bijie area of Guizhou Province, and Sangzhi area of Hunan Province. They constitute one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by China. They numbered 1,933,510 as of 2010. Names The Bai people hold the colour white in high esteem and call themselves "Baipzix" (', Baizi, 白子), "Bai'ho" (', Baihuo, 白伙), "Bai yinl" (', Baini, 白尼) or "Miep jiax". ''Bai'' literally means "white" in Chinese. In 1956, the Chinese authorities named them the Bai nationality according to their preference. Historically, the Bai had also been called Minjia (民家) by the Chinese from the 14th century to 1949. The origin of the name Bai is not clear, but scholars believe that it has a strong connection to the first state Bai people built in roughly the 3rd century AD. This state, called ''Baizi Guo'' (白子國, State of Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexis Michaud
Alexis Michaud is a French linguist specialising in the study of Southeast Asian languages, especially Naic languages and Vietnamese. He is also known for his work on the typology of tonal languages and as a foremost proponent of Panchronic phonology. He is one of the main editors of the Pangloss Collection. He works at the LACITO research centre within Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. He is member of the editorial board of journals such as ''Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area'' and associate editor of the ''Journal of the International Phonetic Association''. A documentary film entitled ''Sound Hunter'' was made about his fieldwork in Yunnan, China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and .... Representative publications * * * * Michaud, Alexis. 2006. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guillaume Jacques
Guillaume Jacques (, b. 1979) is a French linguist who specializes in the study of Sino-Tibetan languages: Old Chinese, Tangut, Tibetan, Gyalrongic and Kiranti languages. He also performs research on the Algonquian and Siouan language families, and publishes about languages of other families such as Breton. His case studies in historical phonology are set in the framework of panchronic phonology, aiming to formulate generalizations about sound change that are independent of any particular language or language group. Jacques is one of the main contributors to the Pangloss Collection, an open archive of endangered-language data. Guillaume Jacques was awarded the CNRS Bronze Medal in 2015. Biography Guillaume Jacques studied linguistics at the University of Amsterdam and Paris Diderot University. He obtained his doctorate in 2004 with a dissertation on the phonology and morphology of the Japhug language (one of the Gyalrongic languages), which was based on fieldwork carried ou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shixing Language
Shixing, also rendered Shuhi, is a poorly-attested Qiangic language of Sichuan and the Tibet Autonomous Region. Two-thirds of its speakers are monolingual. Shixing is also known by its Tibetan name Xumi (旭米 ''Xùmǐ''); it is spoken by about 1800 people living by the Shuiluo River 水洛 in Shuiluo Township 水洛乡, Mili Tibetan Autonomous County. Katia Chirkova reports two varieties. *Upper Xumi (autonym: ') *Lower Xumi (autonym: ') Phonology Consonants Xumi features a very unusual phonemic contrast between voiceless and voiced alveolo-palatal lateral approximants. In the table above, phonemes only appear in the Upper Xumi dialect while bold phonemes only appear in the Lower Xumi dialect. All others appear in both Upper and Lower Xumi. Vowels Oral * The close and close-mid series are the same in both varieties: . The difference lies in the open-mid and open series; in Upper Xumi, these are , whereas in Lower Xumi, they are . ** At least in Lower Xumi , is phon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mosuo
The Mosuo (; also spelled Moso, Mosso or Musuo), often called the Naxi among themselves, are a small ethnic group living in China's Yunnan and Sichuan provinces, close to the border with Tibet. Consisting of a population of approximately 40,000, many of them live in the Yongning region, around Lugu Lake, in Labai, in Muli, and in Yanyuan, located high in the Himalayas (). Although the Mosuo are culturally distinct from the Nashi, the Chinese government places them as members of the Nashi minority. The Nashi are about 320,000 people spread throughout different provinces in China. Their culture has been documented by indigenous scholars Lamu Gatusa, Latami Dashi, Yang Lifen and He Mei. Introduction The Mosuo are often referred to as China's "last matrilineal society." The Mosuo themselves may also often use the description '' matriarchal'', which they believe increases interest in their culture and thus attracts tourism.Lugu Lake Mosuo Cultural Development Association (2006)The M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sichuan
Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan; formerly also referred to as "West China" or "Western China" by Protestant missions) is a province in Southwest China occupying most of the Sichuan Basin and the easternmost part of the Tibetan Plateau between the Jinsha River on the west, the Daba Mountains in the north and the Yungui Plateau to the south. Sichuan's capital city is Chengdu. The population of Sichuan stands at 83 million. Sichuan neighbors Qinghai to the northwest, Gansu to the north, Shaanxi to the northeast, Chongqing to the east, Guizhou to the southeast, Yunnan to the south, and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the west. In antiquity, Sichuan was the home of the ancient states of Ba and Shu. Their conquest by Qin strengthened it and paved the way for Qin Shi Huang's unification of China under the Qin dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms era, Liu Bei's state of Shu was based in Sichuan. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sino-Tibetan Languages
Sino-Tibetan, also cited as Trans-Himalayan in a few sources, is a family of more than 400 languages, second only to Indo-European in number of native speakers. The vast majority of these are the 1.3 billion native speakers of Chinese languages. Other Sino-Tibetan languages with large numbers of speakers include Burmese (33 million) and the Tibetic languages (6 million). Other languages of the family are spoken in the Himalayas, the Southeast Asian Massif, and the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Most of these have small speech communities in remote mountain areas, and as such are poorly documented. Several low-level subgroups have been securely reconstructed, but reconstruction of a proto-language for the family as a whole is still at an early stage, so the higher-level structure of Sino-Tibetan remains unclear. Although the family is traditionally presented as divided into Sinitic (i.e. Chinese) and Tibeto-Burman branches, a common origin of the non-Sinitic languages has n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laze Language
Laze, rendered in Chinese as Lare (拉热)Guo Dalie, and He Zhiwu. 1994. Naxizu Shi (A History of the Naxi People). Chongqing: Sichuan Minzu Chubanshe. and Shuitianhua (水田话), is a language of the Naish subbranch of the Naic group of languages, spoken in Muli County, western Sichuan, China. Laze is spoken by less than 300 fluent speakers in Xiangjiao Township 项脚乡 within Muli County (Michaud & Jacques 2012).Michaud, Alexis, and Guillaume Jacques. 2012. "The Phonology of Laze: Phonemic Analysis, Syllabic Inventory, and a Short Word List." ''Yuyanxue Luncong'' 语言学论丛 (45): 196–230. Name The name ''Laze'' (IPA: ) is likely to be a place name. Further reading Publications are available on: * an outline of Laze phonology, lexicon and grammar * Laze phonemes: vowels, consonants, syllable structure * the historical phonology of Laze, Na and Naxi Jacques, Guillaume, and Alexis Michaud. 2011.Approaching the historical phonology of three highly eroded Sino-Tibetan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
