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Mundal Singh
Mundal Singh was an Indian freedom fighter. He was Parganait of Pahar Pani. He and Jagirdar of Basudev Kona Bakhtar Say had fought against East India Company force in 1812. Early life Mundal Singh was born in Pahar Pani village of Gumla district in Bengal Presidency in a Rautia family. He was Parganait of Pahar Pani. Rebellion British Government ordered King of Chotanagpur Govind Nath Shah to pay Rs.12000 tax to East India company in 1812. Jagirdar of Basudev Kona Bakhtar Say refused to pay tax on behalf of peasants of Nawagarh due to excessive tax. Then magistrate of Ramgarh sent an army from Hazaribagh. Parganait of Pahar Panri Mundal Singh reached Nawagarh, helped Bakhtar Say in Battle and they succeed in defeating British force. After a month, E.Refreez of Ramgarh Battalion came to Nawagarh with a large army. The battle lasted for three days and the force of Bakhtar Say and Mundal Singh got defeated. Bakhtar Say and Mundal Singh were arrested and executed by hanging on 4 Apri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gumla District
Gumla district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state, India, and Gumla town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Etymology For centuries, the place was a meeting center for people from the hinterland who flocked here to exchange goods using the barter system, and the place was called ''Gaw-Mela''. Gumla is believed to derive its name from ''Gaw-Mela'', which consists of two words of Hindi (also used in several local dialects), namely, ''Gaw'' (cows and the cattle) and'' Mela'', that is, a fair. The place became known as ''Gaw-mela'', and then the word transformed itself into Gumla. Politics Administration District Commissioner Shri Shashi Ranjan (IAS Batch :2013 – Jharkhand) Blocks/Mandals Gumla district consists of 12 Blocks. The following are the list of the Blocks in Gumla district: Villages #Dumardih History During regin of the Nagvanshi dynasty Navratangarh was one of the capital of Nagvanshi. During British rule Gum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengal Presidency
The Bengal Presidency, officially the Presidency of Fort William and later Bengal Province, was a subdivision of the British Empire in India. At the height of its territorial jurisdiction, it covered large parts of what is now South Asia and Southeast Asia. Bengal proper covered the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal (present-day Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal). Calcutta, the city which grew around Fort William, was the capital of the Bengal Presidency. For many years, the Governor of Bengal was concurrently the Viceroy of India and Calcutta was the de facto capital of India until 1911. The Bengal Presidency emerged from trading posts established in Mughal Bengal during the reign of Emperor Jahangir in 1612. The East India Company (HEIC), a British monopoly with a Royal Charter, competed with other European companies to gain influence in Bengal. After the decisive overthrow of the Nawab of Bengal in 1757 and the Battle of Buxar in 1764, the HEIC expanded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jharkhand
Jharkhand (; ; ) is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of . It is the 15th largest state by area, and the 14th largest by population. Hindi is the official language of the state. The city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka its sub-capital. The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath, Dewri and Rajrappa are major religious sites. The state was formed on 15 November 2000, after carving out what was previously the southern half of Bihar. Jharkhand suffers from what is sometimes termed a resource curse: it accounts for more than 40% of the mineral resources of India, but 39.1% of its population is below the poverty line and 19.6% of children under five years of age are malnourished. Jharkhand is primarily rural, with about 24% of its population living in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British India
The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one form or another, they existed between 1612 and 1947, conventionally divided into three historical periods: *Between 1612 and 1757 the East India Company set up Factory (trading post), factories (trading posts) in several locations, mostly in coastal India, with the consent of the Mughal emperors, Maratha Empire or local rulers. Its rivals were the merchant trading companies of Portugal, Denmark, the Netherlands, and France. By the mid-18th century, three ''presidency towns'': Madras, Bombay and Calcutta, had grown in size. *During the period of Company rule in India (1757–1858), the company gradually acquired sovereignty over large parts of India, now called "presidencies". However, it also increasingly came under British government over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolkata
Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, commercial, and financial hub of Eastern India and the main port of communication for North-East India. According to the 2011 Indian census, Kolkata is the seventh-most populous city in India, with a population of 45 lakh (4.5 million) residents within the city limits, and a population of over 1.41 crore (14.1 million) residents in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area. It is the third-most populous metropolitan area in India. In 2021, the Kolkata metropolitan area crossed 1.5 crore (15 million) registered voters. The Port of Kolkata is India's oldest operating port and its sole major riverine port. Kolkata is regarded as the cultural capital of India. Kolkata is the second largest Bengali-speaking city after Dhaka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanging
Hanging is the suspension of a person by a noose or ligature around the neck.Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed. Hanging as method of execution is unknown, as method of suicide from 1325. The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' states that hanging in this sense is "specifically to put to death by suspension by the neck", though it formerly also referred to crucifixion and death by impalement in which the body would remain "hanging". Hanging has been a common method of capital punishment since medieval times, and is the primary execution method in numerous countries and regions. The first known account of execution by hanging was in Homer's ''Odyssey'' (Book XXII). In this specialised meaning of the common word ''hang'', the past and past participle is ''hanged'' instead of ''hung''. Hanging is a common method of suicide in which a person applies a ligature to the neck and brings about unconsciousness and then death by suspension or partial suspension. Methods of judicial hanging T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bakhtar Say
Bakhtar Say was an Indian freedom fighter. He was Jagirdar of Basudev Kona. He had fought against East India Company force in 1812 along with Parganait of Pahar Panri Mundal Singh. Early life Bakhtar Say was born in Nawagarh in Raidih block of Gumla district in British India. He was a Jagirdar of Basudev Kona. He was born in Rautia family. Rebellion When British Government ordered King of Chotanagpur Govind Nath Shah to pay Rs.12000 tax to East India Company in 1812. Bakhtar Say refused to pay tax to East India Company on behalf of peasants of Nawagarh due to excessive tax. It provoked fight in which Bakhtar Say killed Ratu courtier Hira Ram who had come to collect tax. Then magistrate of Ramgarh sent an army from Hazaribagh. The force of Bakhtar Say consisted of farmers of that area. Parganait of Pahar Panri Mundal Singh reached Nawagarh and helped Bakhtar Say in Battle. Battle lasted for two days and British force got defeated. A month later, E.Refreez of Ramgarh Battalion mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East India Company
The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia), and later with East Asia. The company seized control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent, colonised parts of Southeast Asia and Hong Kong. At its peak, the company was the largest corporation in the world. The EIC had its own armed forces in the form of the company's three Presidency armies, totalling about 260,000 soldiers, twice the size of the British army at the time. The operations of the company had a profound effect on the global balance of trade, almost single-handedly reversing the trend of eastward drain of Western bullion, seen since Roman times. Originally chartered as the "Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East-Indies", the company rose to account for half of the world's trade duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rautia
The Rautia is a caste found in the states of Jharkhand, Chhatishgarh and Odisha in India. They were agriculturalist, estate holder and militia under Nagvanshi kings of Chotanagpur. History and origin According to their traditions, the community helped and protect Rajput prince, who as a reward had given lands in Lohardaga, Jashpur territory. They were agriculturalist, estate holder and militia under the Nagvanshi kings of Chotanagpur. In 1812 Jagirdar Bakhtar Say along with Parganait Mundal Singh rebelled against excessive tax imposition. They killed tax collector send by Nagvanshi king Govind Nath Shah and defeated an East India Company force. Later they were defeated by company force, captured and hanged in Kolkata. Subdivision Rautia have three subdivision Barki, Majhli, Chhotki. The subdivision is based on purity of descent. Barki are of pure descent. Majhli and Chhotki subdivision are descendants of Rautia father and mother of other castes. Offspring were admitted to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Govind Nath Shah
Govind Nath Shah was a Nagvanshi king in the 19th century. His capital was at Palkot. He succeeded Deo Nath Shah and ruled from 1806 to 1822 CE. Reign The king Deo Nath Shah ruled from 1790 to 1806. He didn't paid revenue to East India company. He had three son Govind Nath Shah, Gopi Nath Shah and Vishwa Nath Shah. The elder son Govind Nath Shah became king. When his brothers claimed the share in chieftaincy, he disposed them. His brothers complained it to British. The prime minister Din Dayal became arrogant and took all affair into his hand. He removed tenure holders who complained to British. In 1808, the British troops marched to the capital and Din Dayal fled to Kolkata where he was arrested and taken to Chatra. The Govind Nath Shah cleared the previous arrears of Rs. 35000 and stationed British troops at his head quarter. The disputes of Govind Nath Shah with his brothers resolved. He came under direct control of Magistrate of Ramgarh. British promised him to protect him as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramgarh Cantonment
Ramgarh Cantonment, usually referred to as Ramgarh Cantt or just Ramgarh is a cantonment town, belonging to the Ramgarh district of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Historically, a subdivision of the larger Hazaribag district, Ramgarh was finally elevated to a district status on 12 September 2007 largely to ease administrative hardships. A town with a population just short of a million, Ramgarh houses the regimental centers for two of the oldest infantry regiments of India, namely the Punjab Regiment estd. 1761 and the Sikh Regiment estd. 1846. Amongst the most decorated regiments of the erstwhile Raj, the jawans of these two regiments have showcased their valour in several battles including the Afghan wars, the battle of Tofrek, the battle of Abyssynia, the first and the second World Wars and various other post-independence battles. Ramgarh Cantonment is a Category-I (population exceeding 50,000) cantonment. The cantonment board functions as a civic administration body a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hazaribagh
Hazaribagh is a city and a municipal corporation in Hazaribagh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is the divisional headquarters of North Chotanagpur division. It is considered as a health resort and is also popular for Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary ( from city). It is represented in the Indian Lok Sabha by its Member of Parliament Jayant Sinha. Etymology The name of the town 'Hazaribagh' (हज़ारीबाग़) is derived from two Persian words: ''Hazar'' (هزار) meaning 'one thousand' and ''bagh'' (باغ) meaning 'garden'. Hence the meaning of Hazaribagh is 'city of a thousand gardens'. According to Sir John Houlton, however, the town takes its name from the small villages of Okni and Hazari – shown on old maps as Ocunhazry. The last syllable in its name probably originated from a mango grove which formed a camping ground for troops and travelers marching along a military road from Kolkata to Varanasi, constructed in 1783 and the following years. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
