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Mostuea
''Mostuea'' is one of only three genera of flowering plants belonging to the small family Gelsemiaceae (the other two being ''Gelsemium'' and '' Pteleocarpa''). ''Mostuea'' and ''Gelsemium'' were formerly placed in the family Loganiaceae, while ''Pteleocarpa'' was placed variously in the families Icacinaceae, Cardiopteridaceae, Boraginaceae, and others, before the description of the Gelsemiaceae was altered formally to accommodate it in 2014.Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Gelsemiaceae" At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Botanical Databases At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website.Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez and Richard G. Olmstead. 2014. "Phylogeny of Lamiidae". ''American Journal of Botany'' 101(2):287-299. . ''Mostuea'' is native to Africa and South America. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the roots of certain ''Mostuea'' species are used as ritual aphrodisiacs and entheogens in West Tropical Africa.De Smet, P.A.G.M. Some ethnopharmacological notes on African hallucinogens ''J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mostuea Brunonis
''Mostuea'' is one of only three genera of flowering plants belonging to the small family Gelsemiaceae (the other two being ''Gelsemium'' and '' Pteleocarpa''). ''Mostuea'' and ''Gelsemium'' were formerly placed in the family Loganiaceae, while ''Pteleocarpa'' was placed variously in the families Icacinaceae, Cardiopteridaceae, Boraginaceae, and others, before the description of the Gelsemiaceae was altered formally to accommodate it in 2014.Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Gelsemiaceae" At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Botanical Databases At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website.Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez and Richard G. Olmstead. 2014. "Phylogeny of Lamiidae". ''American Journal of Botany'' 101(2):287-299. . ''Mostuea'' is native to Africa and South America. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the roots of certain ''Mostuea'' species are used as ritual aphrodisiacs and entheogens in West Tropical Africa.De Smet, P.A.G.M. Some ethnopharmacological notes on African hallucinogens ''J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gelsemiaceae
Gelsemiaceae is a family of flowering plants, belonging to the order Gentianales. The family contains only three genera: '' Gelsemium'', '' Mostuea'' and '' Pteleocarpa''. ''Gelsemium'' has three species, one native to Southeast Asia and southern China and two native to Central America, Mexico, and the southeastern United States. The eight species of ''Mostuea'' are native to tropical areas of South America, Africa, and Madagascar. The two genera were formerly classified in the family Loganiaceae.Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Gelsemiaceae" At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Botanical Databases At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see ''External links'' below) ''Pteleocarpa'' was originally placed in Boraginaceae or in its own family Pteleocarpaceae, but it is most closely related to Gelsemiaceae with which it shares significant characters. The family Gelsemiaceae was described in 1994.Lena Struwe, Victor A. Albert, and Birgitta Bremer. 1994. "Cladistics and family level ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinand Didrichsen
Didrik Ferdinand Didrichsen (3 July 1814 in Copenhagen – 19 March 1887 in Frederiksberg) was a Danish botanist and physicist. He participated as botanist in the first Galathea Expedition (1845—1847). In 1851 he began work as a librarian at the botanical gardens in Copenhagen. From 1856 to 1875 he was an associate professor of botany. In 1875, Didrichsen succeeded Anders Sandøe Ørsted as professor of botany at the University of Copenhagen and director of the botanic garden, whereby the already then much better known Eugen Warming was passed over. After Didrichsen's retirement in 1885, Warming succeeded him in both positions. As a taxonomist In biology, taxonomy () is the scientific study of naming, defining ( circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped into taxa (singular: taxon) and these groups are give ..., he described the botanical genera '' Mostuea'', '' Myriogomphus'', '' Pogonophyllu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteleocarpa
''Pteleocarpa'' is a genus of flowering plants. The only member of the genus is the western Malesian tree ''Pteleocarpa lamponga''.David J. Mabberley. 2008. ''Mabberley's Plant-Book; a portable dictionary of plants, their classification and uses'' 3rd edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. . (See ''External links'' below). It has had a varied systematic history and has been placed in the families Icacinaceae, Cardiopteridaceae, Boraginaceae, and others.Kanokorn Rueangsawang and Pranom Chantaranothai. 2014. "Studies on Thai Pteleocarpaceae". ''Tropical Natural History'' 14(1):1-6. (See ''External links'' below). It has long been regarded as enigmatic. For example, its winged fruit is quite odd within the family Boraginaceae, where it was usually placed in the 2000s. The family name Pteleocarpaceae had been used, but was not validly published until 2011, when the required description was published in Kew Bulletin.Richard K. Brummitt. 2011. "Valid publication of the fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loganiaceae
The Loganiaceae are a family of flowering plants classified in order Gentianales. The family includes up to 13 genera, distributed around the world's tropics. There are not any great morphological characteristics to distinguish these taxa from others in the order Gentianales. Many members of the Loganiaceae are extremely poisonous, causing death by convulsion. Poisonous properties are largely due to alkaloids such as those found in ''Strychnos''. Glycosides are also present as loganin in ''Strychnos''.Flowering Plants of the World by consultant editor Vernon H. Heywood, 1978, Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, England, Earlier treatments of the family have included up to 29 genera. Phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that this broadly defined Loganiaceae was a polyphyletic assemblage, and numerous genera have been removed from Loganiaceae to other families (sometimes in other orders), e.g., Gentianaceae, Gelsemiaceae, Plocospermataceae, Tetrachondrace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jens Vahl
Jens Laurentius Moestue Vahl (27 November 1796 – 12 November 1854) was a Danish botanist and pharmacist. Biography He was son of the Danish-Norwegian botanist and zoologist Martin Vahl (1749-1804). Jens Vahl graduated as a pharmacist in 1819 and then started studying botany and chemistry. Vahl participated W. A. Graah's expedition to uninhabited areas of East Greenland in 1828–1830 with the purpose to search for the lost Eastern Norse Settlement. The expedition - in umiaks - was largely unsuccessful, but Vahl's botanical collections extended the previous knowledge much. Financial support from king Christian VIII of Denmark enabled Vahl to continue his investigations. So he travelled in West Greenland from 1829 to 1836, visiting all the Danish colonies from Julianehåb in the South to Upernavik in the North. He returned to Copenhagen in 1836 with very extensive plant collections, which he later donated to the University of Copenhagen. The Vahl collections added several ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glabrousness (botany)
Glabrousness (from the Latin ''glaber'' meaning "bald", "hairless", "shaved", "smooth") is the technical term for a lack of hair, down, setae, trichomes or other such covering. A glabrous surface may be a natural characteristic of all or part of a plant or animal, or be due to loss because of a physical condition, such as alopecia universalis in humans, which causes hair to fall out or not regrow. In botany Glabrousness or otherwise, of leaves, stems, and fruit is a feature commonly mentioned in plant keys; in botany and mycology, a ''glabrous'' morphological feature is one that is smooth and may be glossy. It has no bristles or hair-like structures such as trichomes. In anything like the zoological sense, no plants or fungi have hair or wool, although some structures may resemble such materials. The term "glabrous" strictly applies only to features that lack trichomes at all times. When an organ bears trichomes at first, but loses them with age, the term used is ''glabresce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shrub
A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple stems and shorter height, less than tall. Small shrubs, less than 2 m (6.6 ft) tall are sometimes termed as subshrubs. Many botanical groups have species that are shrubs, and others that are trees and herbaceous plants instead. Some definitions state that a shrub is less than and a tree is over 6 m. Others use as the cut-off point for classification. Many species of tree may not reach this mature height because of hostile less than ideal growing conditions, and resemble a shrub-sized plant. However, such species have the potential to grow taller under the ideal growing conditions for that plant. In terms of longevity, most shrubs fit in a class between perennials and trees; some may only last about fiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liana
A liana is a long- stemmed, woody vine that is rooted in the soil at ground level and uses trees, as well as other means of vertical support, to climb up to the canopy in search of direct sunlight. The word ''liana'' does not refer to a taxonomic grouping, but rather a habit of plant growth – much like '' tree'' or '' shrub''. It comes from standard French ''liane'', itself from an Antilles French dialect word meaning to sheave. Ecology Lianas are characteristic of tropical moist broadleaf forests (especially seasonal forests), but may be found in temperate rainforests and temperate deciduous forests. There are also temperate lianas, for example the members of the '' Clematis'' or '' Vitis'' (wild grape) genera. Lianas can form bridges amidst the forest canopy, providing arboreal animals with paths across the forest. These bridges can protect weaker trees from strong winds. Lianas compete with forest trees for sunlight, water and nutrients from the soil. Forests wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamina (leaf)
A leaf ( : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, flower, and fruit collectively form the shoot system. In most leaves, the primary photosynthetic tissue is the palisade mesophyll and is located on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of ''Eucalyptus'', palisade mesophyll is present on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral. Most leaves are flattened and have distinct upper ( adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces that differ in color, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases), the amount and structure of epicuticular wax and other features. Leaves are mostly green in color due to the presence of a compound called chlorophyll that is essential for photosynthesis as it absorbs light ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichomes
Trichomes (); ) are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists. They are of diverse structure and function. Examples are hairs, glandular hairs, scales, and papillae. A covering of any kind of hair on a plant is an indumentum, and the surface bearing them is said to be pubescent. Algal trichomes Certain, usually filamentous, algae have the terminal cell produced into an elongate hair-like structure called a trichome. The same term is applied to such structures in some cyanobacteria, such as '' Spirulina'' and '' Oscillatoria''. The trichomes of cyanobacteria may be unsheathed, as in ''Oscillatoria'', or sheathed, as in '' Calothrix''. These structures play an important role in preventing soil erosion, particularly in cold desert climates. The filamentous sheaths form a persistent sticky network that helps maintain soil structure. Plant trichomes Plant trichomes have many different features that vary between both species of plants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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