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Mirza Zafar
Sahib Muhammad Ja'faar ud-Din Mirza Mridha (born 1876 in Bengal, died 1921 in Natore) was a feudal lord in Bengal, British India who served as the second Zamindar of Natore from the House of Singra and Natore and the "'' Mridha''" ( Defense Minister) under the Maharajas of Rajshahi. Family He was born in 1876 as the oldest child and first son of Muhammad Zaheer Shah Mirza Sahib, the patriarch of the aristocratic Singranatore family in Mirza Mahal palace in Natore and educated privately in Persian, Arabic, Hindi, Urdu, and Bengali before attending the Rajshahi Collegiate School. He married twice, firstly Humaira Begum and the Abeeda Sultana and had three sons and a daughter. Biography and military affairs (1870-1921) His father crushed the Pabna Peasant Uprisings in 1871 for which he was given tracts of land with the ownership made hereditary as a ''Madhyasvatva''. After the death of his father, he ascended to his position and rights as a '' zamindar''. His fathe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singra Upazila
Singra ( bn, সিংড়া) is an upazila of Natore District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. History The area was governed by the Zamindars of Bengal and Natore, under the Rajshahi Raj family and the Dighapatia Raj families from the 1700s to the mid-1800s, and then under the Singranatore family from the late 1800s till 1951 when the Zamindari system was abolished by Pakistan. Geography Singra is located at . It has 52851 households and total area 528.46 km2. Singra with an area of 528.46 km2, is bounded by Nandigram upazila on the north, Gurudaspur upazila on the south, Tarash and Sherpur (Bogra) upazilas on the east, Natore Sadar, Atrai and Raninagar upazilas on the west. Demographics As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Singra has a population of 289952. Males constitute 51.29% of the population, and females 48.71%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 139625. Singra has an average literacy rate of 25.2% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rajshahi Raj Family
Rajshahi Raj was a large ''zamindari'' (feudatory kingdom) which occupied a vast position of Bengal (present-day Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh and West Bengal, India). It was the richest and largest zamindari with an area of about 33,670 km2. The Royal Family of Rajshahi used the title Ray/Rai and their surname was Maitra. The zamindari came into being during the early part of the 18th century when Nawab Murshid Quli Khan was the Dewan/Subahdar of Bengal (1704–1727). The family ruled their dominions and estates from the Natore Palace in present-day Bangladesh. They belonged to the varendra brahmins of Moitra clan, as they were bestowed the title of Rai-Raiyan, they used this title while ruling half of undivided Bengal.They were the most philanthropic among all Bengali Royals. A member of this Raj family, Maharaja Jagadindra Nath Ray (Moitra), was a patron of cricket, and wanted to defeat the British in their own game of cricket. His rival was the Maharaja Mahārāj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fighting Stick
Stick-fighting, stickfighting, or stick fighting is a variety of martial arts which use simple long, slender, blunt, hand-held, generally wooden "sticks" for fighting, such as a gun staff, bō, jō, walking stick, baston, arnis sticks or similar weapons. Some techniques can also be used with a sturdy umbrella or even with a sword or dagger in its scabbard. Thicker and/or heavier blunt weapons such as clubs or the mace are outside the scope of "stick-fighting" (since they cannot be wielded with such precision, so sheer force of impact is more important), as are more formed weapons such as the ''taiaha'' used by the Māori people of New Zealand, and the ''macuahuitl'' used by the Aztec people of Mesoamerica in warfare. Although many systems are defensive combat techniques intended for use if attacked while lightly armed, others such as '' kendo'', ''arnis'', and '' gatka'' were developed as safe training methods for dangerous weapons. Whatever their history, many stick-fighti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horse
The horse (''Equus ferus caballus'') is a domesticated, one-toed, hoofed mammal. It belongs to the taxonomic family Equidae and is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, ''Eohippus'', into the large, single-toed animal of today. Humans began domesticating horses around 4000 BCE, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BCE. Horses in the subspecies ''caballus'' are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses. These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated. There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior. Horses are adapted to run, allowing them to quickly escape predators, and po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maharaja
Mahārāja (; also spelled Maharajah, Maharaj) is a Sanskrit title for a "great ruler", "great king" or " high king". A few ruled states informally called empires, including ruler raja Sri Gupta, founder of the ancient Indian Gupta Empire, and Chandragupta Maurya. 'Title inflation' soon led to most being rather mediocre or even petty in real power, which led to compound titles (among other efforts) being used in an attempt to distinguish some among their ranks. The female equivalent, Maharani (or Maharanee, Mahārājñī, Maharajin), denotes either the wife of a Maharaja (or Maharana etc.) or also, in states where it was customary, a woman ruling without a husband. The widow of a Maharaja is known as a Rajmata, "queen mother". Maharajakumar generally denotes a son of a Maharaja, but more specific titulatures are often used at each court, including Yuvaraja for the heir (the crown prince). The form "Maharaj" (without "-a") indicates a separation of noble and religious office ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zamindar
A zamindar ( Hindustani: Devanagari: , ; Persian: , ) in the Indian subcontinent was an autonomous or semiautonomous ruler of a province. The term itself came into use during the reign of Mughals and later the British had begun using it as a native synonym for “estate”. The term means ''land owner'' in Persian. Typically hereditary, from whom they reserved the right to collect tax on behalf of imperial courts or for military purposes. During the period of British colonial rule in India many wealthy and influential zamindars were bestowed with princely and royal titles such as ''maharaja'' (great king), ''raja/rai'' (king) and ''nawab''. During the Mughal Empire, zamindars belonged to the nobility and formed the ruling class. Emperor Akbar granted them mansabs and their ancestral domains were treated as jagirs. Some zamindars who were Hindu by religion and brahmin or kayastha or kshatriya by caste were converted into Muslims by the Mughals. During the colonial era, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madhyasvatva
Madhyasvatva (literally meaning "Subinfeudation") was a term used to denote the intermediate rights (lesser nobles, or tributaries to higher-ranking lords) that developed in Bengal following the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793 by Lord Cornwallis. The "zamindars" (or feudal lords) created new offices and rights in between themselves and the peasants or the "Ryots". This practice of land ownership has been described by the nineteenth century revenue surveyors as having similarities with European feudalism of pre- modern times. The "taluqdars" rose during this stage in Bengal and in a few generations transformed into petty aristocrat The aristocracy is historically associated with "hereditary" or "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class of people (aristocrats) with hereditary rank and titles. In some, such as ancient Greece, ancient Ro ...s. Sources {{Reflist British Indian history ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pabna Peasant Uprisings
Pabna Peasant Uprising (1873–76) was a resistance movement by the peasants ("Ryots") against the lords of the lands in Bengal ("zamindars") in the Yusufshahi pargana (now the Sirajganj District, Bangladesh) in Pabna. It was led by Ishan Chandra Roy, Ishan Chandra Roy is known as "Bidrohi Raja"(বিদ্রোহী রাজা) or in English "Rebel King". It was supported by intellectuals such as R.C Dutt, Surendranath Banerjee, Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, etc. It was overall a peaceful movement. Events Some lords forcefully collected rents and land taxes, often enhanced for the poor peasants and also prevented the tenants from acquiring Occupancy Right under Act X of 1859. This Act conferred occupancy rights on tenants who held land for 12 years as well as paid their rents. But zamindars didn't want this to happen. The peasants were often evicted from the land due to non payment. The lords who gained parts of the Natore Raj frequently conducted violent act in order to gain more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rajshahi Collegiate School
Rajshahi Collegiate School ( bn, রাজশাহী কলেজিয়েট স্কুল) in Boalia Thana in the center of Rajshahi, a city in northern Bangladesh, is the oldest school in the country. History After completing MA in Philosophy from Presidency College, Kolkata in 1895, Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah went on to serve as the first Muslim headmaster of Rajshahi Collegiate School. He was active from 1904 to 1907. In school history some mentionable additions were made on 1930 which are: *Formation of Boy Scout *Organisation of junior Red Cross *Publication of Annual School Magazine in 1936 and Brarbon Shield in 1940. Buildings and sites Rajshahi Collegiate School Debating Club Rajshahi Collegiate School Debating Club was formed in 2008 and got officially recognised by the school authority on 4 April 2011. Some achievements of Rajshahi Collegiate School Debating Club are: *Business Faculty Debate Forum Championship-2008 Champion *Business Faculty Debate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengali Language
Bengali ( ), generally known by its endonym Bangla (, ), is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language native to the Bengal region of South Asia. It is the official, national, and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh and the second most widely spoken of the 22 scheduled languages of India. With approximately 300 million native speakers and another 37 million as second language speakers, Bengali is the List of languages by number of native speakers, fifth most-spoken native language and the List of languages by total number of speakers, seventh most spoken language by total number of speakers in the world. Bengali is the fifth most spoken Indo-European language. Bengali is the official language, official and national language of Bangladesh, with 98% of Bangladeshis using Bengali as their first language. Within India, Bengali is the official language of the states of West Bengal, Tripura and the Barak Valley region of the state of Assam. It is also a second official lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindi
Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been described as a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language, which itself is based primarily on the Khariboli dialect of Delhi and neighbouring areas of North India. Hindi, written in the Devanagari script, is one of the two official languages of the Government of India, along with English. It is an official language in nine states and three union territories and an additional official language in three other states. Hindi is also one of the 22 scheduled languages of the Republic of India. Hindi is the '' lingua franca'' of the Hindi Belt. It is also spoken, to a lesser extent, in other parts of India (usually in a simplified or pidginised variety such as Bazaar Hindustani or Haflong Hindi). Outside India, several ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
