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Minuscule 887 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 887 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is an 11th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, with a commentary. Description The codex contains the text of the Gospel of John, with a commentary, on 197 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 38 lines per page. Text The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine. Kurt Aland placed it in Category V. History According to F. H. A. Scrivener and C. R. Gregory it was written in the 11th century. Henry Stevenson dated it to the 10th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the INTF to the 11th century. It once belonged to Matariotes, a metropolitan. The manuscript was described by Henry Stevenson.Henry Stevenson described also minuscule manuscripts: 154, 884, 885, 886. Gregory saw it in 1886. The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (699e), Gregory (887e). Currently the manuscript is housed at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gospel Of John
The Gospel of John ( grc, Εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Ἰωάννην, translit=Euangélion katà Iōánnēn) is the fourth of the four canonical gospels. It contains a highly schematic account of the ministry of Jesus, with seven "signs" culminating in the raising of Lazarus (foreshadowing the resurrection of Jesus) and seven "I am" discourses (concerned with issues of the Split of early Christianity and Judaism, church–synagogue debate at the time of composition) culminating in Doubting Thomas, Thomas' proclamation of the risen Jesus as "my Lord and my God". The gospel's concluding verses set out its purpose, "that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name." John reached its final form around AD 90–110, although it contains signs of origins dating back to AD 70 and possibly even earlier. Like the three other gospels, it is anonymous, although it identifies an unnamed "disciple whom Jesus loved" as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Categories Of New Testament Manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts in Greek are categorized into five groups, according to a scheme introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in ''The Text of the New Testament''. The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the various text-types. Generally speaking, earlier Alexandrian manuscripts are category I, while later Byzantine manuscripts are category V. Aland's method involved considering 1000 passages where the Byzantine text differs from non-Byzantine text. The Alands did not select their 1000 readings from all of the NT books; for example, none were drawn from Matthew and Luke. Description of categories The Alands' categories do not simply correspond to the text-types; all they do is demonstrate the 'Byzantine-ness' of a particular text; that is, how much it is similar to the Byzantine text-type, from least (Category I) to most similar (Category V). Category V can be equated with the Byzantine text-type, but the other categories are not necessarily re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek New Testament Minuscules
Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all known varieties of Greek. **Mycenaean Greek, most ancient attested form of the language (16th to 11th centuries BC). **Ancient Greek, forms of the language used c. 1000–330 BC. **Koine Greek, common form of Greek spoken and written during Classical antiquity. **Medieval Greek or Byzantine Language, language used between the Middle Ages and the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople. **Modern Greek, varieties spoken in the modern era (from 1453 AD). *Greek alphabet, script used to write the Greek language. *Greek Orthodox Church, several Churches of the Eastern Orthodox Church. *Ancient Greece, the ancient civilization before the end of Antiquity. *Old Greek, the language as spoken from Late Antiquity to around 1500 AD. Other uses * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Textual Criticism
Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts or of printed books. Such texts may range in dates from the earliest writing in cuneiform, impressed on clay, for example, to multiple unpublished versions of a 21st-century author's work. Historically, scribes who were paid to copy documents may have been literate, but many were simply copyists, mimicking the shapes of letters without necessarily understanding what they meant. This means that unintentional alterations were common when copying manuscripts by hand. Intentional alterations may have been made as well, for example, the censoring of printed work for political, religious or cultural reasons. The objective of the textual critic's work is to provide a better understanding of the creation and historical transmission of the text and its variants. This understanding may lead to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of New Testament Minuscules (1–1000)
A New Testament minuscule is a copy of a portion of the New Testament written in a small, cursive Greek script (developed from Uncial).Eberhard Nestle, Erwin Nestle, Barbara Aland and Kurt Aland (eds), '' Novum Testamentum Graece'', 27th edition, (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2001). Below is the list of New Testament minuscules 1 to 1000. For other related lists, see: *Lists of New Testament minuscules *List of New Testament minuscules (1001–2000) * List of New Testament minuscules (2001–3000) Legend * The numbers (#) are the now standard system of Caspar René Gregory, often referred to as the Gregory-Aland numbers. * Included among the cataloged minuscules are the following types of manuscripts, color coded: * Dates are estimated to the nearest 100 year increment where the specific date is unknown. * Content generally only describes sections of the New Testament: Gospels, The Acts of the Apostles (Acts), Pauline epistles, and so on. Sometimes the surviving p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rome
, established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption = The territory of the ''comune'' (''Roma Capitale'', in red) inside the Metropolitan City of Rome (''Città Metropolitana di Roma'', in yellow). The white spot in the centre is Vatican City. , pushpin_map = Italy#Europe , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Italy##Location within Europe , pushpin_relief = yes , coordinates = , coor_pinpoint = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Italy , subdivision_type2 = Region , subdivision_name2 = Lazio , subdivision_type3 = Metropolitan city , subdivision_name3 = Rome Capital , government_footnotes= , government_type = Strong Mayor–Council , leader_title2 = Legislature , leader_name2 = Capitoline Assemb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 886 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 886 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a 15th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on paper, with a commentary. The manuscript has not survived in complete condition. Description The codex contains the text of the New Testament (except Catholic epistles), with a commentary, on 336 paper leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 59 lines per page. The commentary is of authorship of Nicetas of Naupactus in the Gospels, of Theophylact in the Acts of the Apostles and Pauline epistles. The Apocalypse has a commentary of an anonymous writer. It contains the Eusebian Canon tables (before four Gospels), lists before each biblical book. Text Kurt and Barbara Aland gave the textual profile 2091, 992, 21/2, 14s in the Gospels, 151, 32, 31/2, 4s in the Acts, and 1711, 432, 91/2, 23s in the Pauline epistles. On the basis of this profile Alands placed it in Category V. It means it is a representative of the Byzantine text-typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 885 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 885 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a 15th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on paper. The manuscript has not survived in complete condition. Description The codex contains the text of the Gospel of Mark, Gospel of Luke, and Gospel of John, with a commentary, on 486 paper leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 29 lines per page. The manuscript is lacunose in Gospel of Luke and in Gospel of John. The original manuscript contained also the Gospel of Matthew. Text The Greek text of the codex Kurt Aland did not place in any Category. It was not examined according to the Claremont Profile Method. History According to F. H. A. Scrivener and C. R. Gregory it was written in the 15th century. Henry Stevenson dated it to the 14th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the INTF to the 15th century. It once belonged to Jerome Vignier († 1661) along with another manuscript formerly listed as minuscule 104e. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 884 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 884 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A126 ( von Soden), is an 11th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. The manuscript has not survived in complete condition. Description The codex contains the text of the Gospel of Luke and Gospel of John, with a commentary, on 256 parchment leaves (size ), with lacuna in Luke 1:1-3:1. The text is written in one column per page, 30 lines per page. The commentary is of Theophylact of Ohrid. It was altered by a later hand (biblical text and a commentary). Text The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Iβ. It means, it has some textual affinities to 1216 and minuscule 16. Kurt Aland placed it in Category V. According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents the textual family Kx in Luke 10. In Luke 20 it belongs to the textual family of Lake's group, as a weak member. In Luke 1 no profile was made, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 154
Minuscule 154 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), Θε402 ( Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on cotton paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th-century. It has complex contents, and full marginalia. Description The codex contains a complete text of the four Gospels on 355 paper leaves (size ), with a Theophylact's commentary. The text is written in one column per page, in 40 lines per page. The paper has brown colour, written in black ink, capital letters in red. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. The references to the Eusebian Canons are absent. It contains lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), liturgical books with hagiographies ( Synaxarion and Menologion), numbers of stichoi, and subscriptions at the end of each Gospel. At the end of the manuscript is given subscription α υ μ β απρι ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institute For New Testament Textual Research
The Institute for New Testament Textual Research (german: Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung — INTF) at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is to research the textual history of the New Testament and to reconstruct its Greek initial text on the basis of the entire manuscript tradition, the early translations and patristic citations; furthermore the preparation of an '' Editio Critica Maior'' based on the entire tradition of the New Testament in Greek manuscripts, early versions and New Testament quotations in ancient Christian literature. Under Kurt Aland's supervision, the INTF collected almost the entire material that was needed. The manuscript count in 1950 was 4250, in 1983, 5460, and in 2017 approximately 5800 manuscripts. Moreover, INTF produces several more editions and a variety of tools for New Testament scholarship, including the concise editions known as the "Nestle–Aland" – ''Novum Testamentum Graece'' and the UBS Greek New Testament. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William B
William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of England in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." Shortened familiar versions in English include Will, Wills, Willy, Willie, Bill, and Billy. A common Irish form is Liam. Scottish diminutives include Wull, Willie or Wullie (as in Oor Wullie or the play ''Douglas''). Female forms are Willa, Willemina, Wilma and Wilhelmina. Etymology William is related to the given name ''Wilhelm'' (cf. Proto-Germanic ᚹᛁᛚᛃᚨᚺᛖᛚᛗᚨᛉ, ''*Wiljahelmaz'' > German ''Wilhelm'' and Old Norse ᚢᛁᛚᛋᛅᚼᛅᛚᛘᛅᛋ, ''Vilhjálmr''). By regular sound changes, the native, inherited English form of the name should b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
