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Manila's At-large Congressional District
Manila's at-large congressional district may refer to three occasions when a city-wide or provincewide at-large district was used for elections to the various Philippine national legislatures from Manila. From 1898 to 1901, four representatives from the province of Manila who were elected at-large sat in the Malolos Congress, the National Assembly of the First Philippine Republic. The city and province were separated in 1901 with both electing their representatives from two districts each. From 1943 to 1944, the city of greater Manila as a whole sent two representatives to the National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic. Multiple district representation was restored in the city in 1945. In 1978, regional at-large assembly districts were created for the national parliament with Manila included in the 21-seat Region IV's at-large district. The city returned to its own single multi-member at-large district in 1984 with a six-seat delegation for the Regular Batasang Pambansa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
At-large
At large (''before a noun'': at-large) is a description for members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent a whole membership or population (notably a city, county, state, province, nation, club or association), rather than a subset. In multi-hierarchical bodies the term rarely extends to a tier beneath the highest division. A contrast is implied, with certain electoral districts or narrower divisions. It can be given to the associated territory, if any, to denote its undivided nature, in a specific context. Unambiguous synonyms are the prefixes of cross-, all- or whole-, such as cross-membership, or all-state. The term is used as a suffix referring to specific members (such as the U.S. congressional Representative/the Member/Rep. for Wyoming ''at large''). It figures as a generic prefix of its subject matter (such as Wyoming is an at-large U.S. congressional district, at present). It is commonly used when making or highlighting a direct contrast with sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arsenio Cruz Herrera
Arsenio Cruz Herrera (; December 14, 1863 – April 8, 1917) was considered the first Filipino mayor of Manila. He was also the leader of the Progresista Party from 1907 to 1914. Early life Arsenio was born on December 14, 1863, in Tondo, Manila. His parents were Tomás Cruz and Ambrosia Herrera. He studied in a school under Fortunato Jacinto, then at Colegio de San Juan de Letran where he received a degree of ''bachiller en artes'' (Bachelor of Arts) in 1880. He later enrolled at the University of Santo Tomas to attain a licentiate in canon law (1889) and jurisprudence (1892). At the University of Santo Tomas, he studied while working at the university library. He was able to start his own law office right after graduating, a firm where Juan Sumulong and Rafael Palma were later able to work as young lawyers. His law practice earned as much as eighty thousand pesos per year. Career Philippine Revolution Little was known about his activities during the Philippine Revolution. Acco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arturo Tolentino
Arturo "Ka Turing" Modesto Tolentino (September 19, 1910 – August 2, 2004) was a Filipino politician and diplomat who served as the Senate president and the Secretary of Foreign Affairs. He ran as the vice-presidential running mate of Ferdinand Marcos for the 1986 Philippine snap election. He is also regarded as the father of the Philippine "archipelagic doctrine" and as an expert on the law of the sea. Early career Arturo Modesto Tolentino was born in Manila of humble parentage. As a student, Tolentino was noted for his scholarship. He was valedictorian of the Manila East High School (now Victorino Mapa High School; 1928), valedictorian (cum laude) of the University of the Philippines (UP) College of Law (1934), and a bar topnotcher (1934). He obtained the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy (cum laude) with a gold medal award from UP in 1938, and received the degrees of Master of Law (meritissimus) and Doctor of Civil Law (meritissimus) from the University of Santo Tomá ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonzalo Puyat II
Gonzalo "Lito" G. Puyat II (May 21, 1933 – January 7, 2013) was a Filipino sport administrator and politician. Puyat was the longest-serving president of the Basketball Association of the Philippines from 1968 to 1995 and was the president of FIBA for two terms from 1976 to 1984. Puyat later became an honorary president after his tenure as president of FIBA. Puyat was elected as the city councilor of the 4th district of Manila in 1967. He became the minority floor leader in 1969 and was reelected as city councilor in 1971. Puyat was also elected as Manila's opposition assemblyman in 1984. After his term as assemblyman, he unsuccessfully ran for Mayor of Manila. Puyat died on January 7, 2013 due to cardiac arrest. He was reportedly rushed to the Makati Medical Center due to an asthma attack Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs. It is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and easily triggered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mel Lopez
Gemiliano "Mel" Campos Lopez Jr. (September 1, 1935 – January 1, 2017) was a Filipino people, Filipino politician who served as the Mayor of Manila from 1986 to 1987 and 1988 to 1992 and an assemblyman of the Batasang Pambansa of the Philippines from 1984 to 1986. He was also a former chairman of the Philippine Sports Commission. Early life and education Mel Lopez was born in Manila on September 1, 1935 to Carmen Campos of Bulacan and Lt. Col. Gemiliano López Sr. of Manila. He is also the grandson of Honorio Lopez, writer and revolutionary during the Spanish Revolutionhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Honorio_Lopez_(1875_-_1958)_Avenida.jpg] He graduated from the Jose Rizal University (formerly Jose Rizal College) with a degree in Bachelor of Science in Commercial Science. He also played swimming, boxing and basketball in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines), NCAA for the JRU Heavy Bombers. Personal life He was married to Concepcion Tantoco, a Fil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eva Estrada Kalaw
Eva Kalaw ( Evangelina Reynada Estrada; June 16, 1920 – May 25, 2017) was a Filipina politician who served as a senator in the Senate of the Philippines from 1965 to 1972 during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos. She was one of the key opposition figures against Marcos' 20-year authoritarian rule and was instrumental in his downfall during the People Power Revolution. As a senator, she wrote several laws relating to education in the Philippines, such as the salary standardization for public school personnel, the Magna Carta for Private Schools, the Magna Carta for Students, and an act to institute a charter for Barrio High Schools. She was also among the Liberal Party candidates injured during the Plaza Miranda bombing on August 21, 1971. Early life Kalaw was born in Murcia, Tarlac (present-day Concepcion, Tarlac), on June 16, 1920, to Dr. Salvador Estrada and Demetria Reynado. She took up Bachelor of Science in Education, with a major in home economics from the University o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1984 Philippine Parliamentary Election
A parliamentary election was held on May 14, 1984 in the Philippines. Like past elections, charges of bribery, protests and complaints on irregularities marred the elections. Former ''Manila Times'' publisher Chino Roces and former senator and opposition leader Jose W. Diokno supported the campaign boycotting the election. The National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL) helped mitigate electoral fraud during the election. The ruling Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) retained a majority in parliament, but the opposition United Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO) made massive gains, winning 60 seats and reducing the KBL's majority to 114 compared to the 150 they had in 1978. This was the first Philippine election to happen after the end of the controversial martial law period from 1972 to 1981. The opposition's success was due in most part because of the public fallout after the assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr. on August 21, 1983. His death exposed an increasingly inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nationalist Democratic Organization
The United Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO) was the main political multi-party electoral alliance of the traditional political opposition during the turbulent last years of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos in the mid-1980s. It was formed in January 1980, and was originally known as the United Democratic Opposition from 1980 to 1982. It was initially a union of eight major and minor political parties and organizations with the main aim to oust President Marcos through a legal political process. In April 1982, the coalition received its present name, and increased its members to twelve parties. Shortly after the assassination of popular opposition senator Benigno Aquino Jr., the party was led by Senator Salvador Laurel of Batangas. History The political leaders forming UNIDO such as prominent anti-Marcos leaders like former Senator and Batangas Assemblyman Salvador Laurel, former president Diosdado Macapagal, Zamboanga City Mayor Cesar Climaco, Senator Gerardo Rox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lito Atienza
Jose "Lito" Livioko Atienza Jr. (; born August 10, 1941) is a Filipino politician. He served as a Party-list Representative for Buhay from 2013 to 2022, and was a House Deputy Speaker from 2020 to 2022. He served as the Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources from 2007 to 2009 in the administration of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, and was Mayor of Manila for three consecutive terms from 1998 to 2007. He unsuccessfully ran for vice president of the Philippines in the 2022 elections as the running mate of Senator Manny Pacquiao. He has been hosting the drama anthology television series ''Maynila'' on GMA Network since 1998. Early life and career Atienza was born in the San Andres Bukid district of Manila, four months before the outbreak of World War II. Atienza's father, Jose J. Atienza Sr., was a distinguished public servant to three Philippine presidents. An uncle, Hermenegildo Atienza, was a World War II guerrilla leader and after the war was appointed Military Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ex Officio Member
An ''ex officio'' member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term '' ex officio'' is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic. According to ''Robert's Rules of Order'', the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ''ex officio'' member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to the position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ''ex officio'' members may frequently abstain from voting. Opposite notions are dual mandate, when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union, when two states share the same monarch. For profit and nonprofit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
León Guinto
León Gawaran Guinto Sr. (June 28, 1886 – July 10, 1962) was a public servant in the Philippines from the Commonwealth period up to the post-war era, best remembered as the war-time Mayor of the City of Greater Manila in the Philippines. Early life Guinto was born to Juan P. Guinto and Pia Gawaran in the village of San Nicolas in Bacoor, Cavite province. He completed his early education from his home town and earned his college degree from the Colegio de San Juan de Letran. He first got work at the Weather Bureau, married Marta Montes from Atimonan, Tayabas Province (now Quezon). The union produced three sons and two daughters. By 1916, Guinto left his job at the Weather Bureau to pursue law studies at the old Escuela de Derecho and by 1920, after completing his law studies and qualifying as a bona fide lawyer, Guinto was employed as private secretary to the then Senate President, Manuel L. Quezon. Government service Pre-World War II Guinto, after serving briefly as p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1943 Philippine Legislative Election
The 1943 Philippine legislative election was held on September 20, 1943 to elect the 54 of the 108 members of the National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic. Electoral system The 1943 Constitution provided for a unicameral National Assembly that was to be composed of provincial governors and city mayors as ex officio members and one delegate for every province and city who were to serve for a term of three years. Members from the provinces were elected by the provincial, municipal and municipal district committees of the KALIBAPI, while members from the cities were elected by the city and city district committees.Section 2, Executive Order No. 201 of the Chairman of the Executive Commission. Candidates were required to be registered with the KALIBAPI provincial and city committees. Only members of the KALIBAPI provincial, municipal, municipal district, city and city districts were allowed to vote. A simple plurality of the votes is needed for a candidate to be elec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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