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1943 Philippine Legislative Election
The 1943 Philippine legislative election was held on September 20, 1943 to elect the 54 of the 108 members of the National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic. Electoral system The 1943 Constitution provided for a unicameral National Assembly that was to be composed of provincial governors and city mayors as ex officio members and one delegate for every province and city who were to serve for a term of three years. Members from the provinces were elected by the provincial, municipal and municipal district committees of the KALIBAPI, while members from the cities were elected by the city and city district committees.Section 2, Executive Order No. 201 of the Chairman of the Executive Commission. Candidates were required to be registered with the KALIBAPI provincial and city committees. Only members of the KALIBAPI provincial, municipal, municipal district, city and city districts were allowed to vote. A simple plurality of the votes is needed for a candidate to be elec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ex Officio
An ''ex officio'' member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term '' ex officio'' is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic. According to ''Robert's Rules of Order'', the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ''ex officio'' member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to the position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ''ex officio'' members may frequently abstain from voting. Opposite notions are dual mandate, when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union, when two states share the same monarch. For profit and nonprofit u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly Of The Philippines
The National Assembly of the Philippines ( tl, Kapulungáng Pambansâ ng Pilipinas, es, Asamblea Nacional de Filipinas) refers to the legislature of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1941, and of the Second Philippine Republic during the Japanese occupation. The National Assembly of the Commonwealth was created under the Philippine Commonwealth Constitution, 1935 Constitution, which served as the Philippines' Constitution, fundamental law to prepare it for its independence from the United States of America. The National Assembly during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines during the Second World War in the Pacific War, Pacific was created by the 1943 Constitution of the Philippines, 1943 Constitution. With the invasion of the Philippines, the Commonwealth government had gone into Government in exile of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, exile to the United States. It left behind a skeletal bureaucracy whose officials formed a government under the Japanes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benigno S
Benigno may refer to: ;Surname * Francesco Benigno (born 1967), Italian actor *Joe Benigno (born 1953), American sports radio personality *Teodoro Benigno (1923–2005), Filipino journalist ;Given name *Benigno Aquino Sr. (1894–1947), Filipino politician and Speaker of the Second Philippine Republic National Assembly from 1943 to 1944 *Benigno Aquino Jr. (1932–1983), Philippine Senator, son of Benigno Sr., and governor of Tarlac *Benigno Aquino III (1960–2021), Filipino politician, son of Benigno Jr., and president of the Philippines * Paolo Benigno Aquino IV (born 1977), Filipino politician, nephew of Benigno Jr. * Benigno Perez (born 1990), Filipino model, TV host and actor *Benigno Zaccagnini (1912-1989), Italian politician and physician ;Other *Benigno & Roberts, show hosted by Joe Benigno *San Benigno Canavese a municipality in the province of Turin See also *Benign * Benigni (other) *Benignus (other) Benignus may refer to: * Saint Benignus of Dijon (3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benigno Aquino Sr
Benigno Simeon "Igno" Quiambao Aquino Sr. (born Benigno Simeón Aquino y Quiambao; September 3, 1894 – December 20, 1947) was a Filipino politician who served as Speaker of the National Assembly of the Japanese-sponsored puppet state in the Philippines from 1943 to 1944. He was the Director-General of KALIBAPI, a political party established during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. His grandson, Benigno S. Aquino III was the 15th President of the Philippines from 2010 to 2016. Early life Aquino was born in Murcia (now part of Concepcion, Tarlac) in the town of Tarlac to Servillano "Mianong" Aquino, a general in the Philippine Revolution who later served as a member of the Malolos Congress, and Guadalupe Quiambao. He had two siblings: Gonzalo Aquino (1893–??) and Amando Aquino (1896–??), and a half-brother, Herminio Aquino (1949–2021). He studied at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran in Manila and later at the University of Santo Tomas, where he earned his la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarlac's At-large Congressional District
Tarlac's at-large congressional district is an obsolete electoral district that was used for electing members of Philippine national legislatures in Tarlac before 1987. Tarlac first elected its representatives at-large during the 1898 Philippine legislative election for three seats in the Malolos Congress, the National Assembly of the First Philippine Republic. Following the installation of U.S. civil government in 1901 and the reorganization of provinces for the Philippine Assembly, Tarlac was divided into a first and second district. The provincewide electoral district was re-created ahead of the 1943 Philippine legislative election for a seat in the National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic, with an additional seat assigned to its provincial governor. The district became inactive again following the restoration of the House of Representatives in 1945 when Tarlac returned to electing its representatives from its two districts. In the unicameral Batasang Pambansa that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speaker Of The House Of Representatives Of The Philippines
The speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines ( fil, Ispiker ng Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan ng Pilipinas), more popularly known as the House speaker, is the presiding officer and the highest-ranking official of the lower house of Congress, the House of Representatives, as well as the fourth-highest official of the government of the Philippines. The speaker is elected by a majority of all of the representatives from among themselves. The speaker is the third and last in the line of succession to the presidency, after the vice president and the Senate president. A speaker may be removed from office in a coup, or can be replaced by death or resignation. In some cases, a speaker may be compelled to resign at the middle of a Congress' session after he has lost support of the majority of congressmen; in that case, an election for a new speaker is held. Despite being a partisan official, the speaker (or whoever is presiding) does not vote unless in breaking ties in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Yulo
José Yulo Yulo (September 24, 1894 – October 27, 1976) was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines (May 7, 1942 – July 9, 1945) during the Japanese Occupation and was Speaker of the National Assembly of the Philippines from 1939 until World War II started in 1941. Yulo served in all of the branches of government: the legislative as House Speaker, congressman, and senator; the executive as Secretary of Justice and member of the Cabinet; and the judiciary as the Associate Justice and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He and his family also owned the Canlubang Sugar Estate that they bought in 1948. Early life and career José Yulo Yulo was born on September 24, 1894 in Bago, Negros Occidental to Sofronio Yulo and Segunda Yulo. He obtained his Bachelor of Laws degree at the University of the Philippines and placed third in the Philippine Bar Examination of 1913; however, due to his age, did not practice law until two years later. He bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly Of The Second Philippine Republic
The National Assembly was the legislature of the Second Philippine Republic from September 25, 1943, to February 2, 1944. Half of the membership of the assembly consisted of provincial governors or city mayors acting in an ''ex officio'' capacity, while the other half were indirectly elected through local conventions of KALIBAPI members during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. Legislation The National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic passed a total of 66 laws: Act No. 1 to 66. Major legislation *Act No. 1 – ''Creation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs'' Leadership President *President of the Second Philippine Republic: :: José P. Laurel (KALIBAPI) National Assembly *Speaker: :: Benigno S. Aquino (KALIBAPI, Tarlac) *Floor Leader: ::Francisco Zulueta (KALIBAPI, Bacolod) Members The assembly consisted of 108 members from 46 provinces and 8 chartered cities. The numbers and territorial coverages of these areas differed from the pre-war status in severa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1943 Constitution Of The Philippines
The Constitution of the Philippines (Filipino: ''Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas'' or ''Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas'', Spanish: ''Constitución de la República de Filipinas'') is the constitution or the supreme law of the Republic of the Philippines. Its final draft was completed by the Constitutional Commission on October 12, 1986, and ratified by a nationwide plebiscite on February 2, 1987. Three other constitutions have effectively governed the country in its history: the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution, the 1973 Constitution, and the 1986 Freedom Constitution. The earliest constitution establishing a "Philippine Republic", the 1899 Malolos Constitution, was never fully implemented throughout the Philippines and did not establish a state that was internationally recognized, due in great part to the eruption of the Philippine–American War. Background of the 1987 Constitution Ruling by decree during the early months of her tenure as a president installed via the People Power R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KALIBAPI
The Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas (''Association for Service to the New Philippines''), or KALIBAPI, was a fascist Filipino political party that served as the sole party of state during the Japanese occupation. It was intended to be a Filipino version of Japan's governing Imperial Rule Assistance Association. History Formed by the Philippine Executive Commission (Komisyong Tagapagpaganap ng Pilipinas) under the leadership of Jorge Vargas, the party was created by Proclamation No. 109 of the PEC, a piece of legislation passed on December 8, 1942, banning all existing political parties and creating the new governing alliance. The Japanese had already dissolved all political parties on the islands, even including the pro-Japanese Ganap Party, and established KALIBAPI as a mass movement designed to support the occupation whilst taking advantage of Filipino nationalism in the region. Inaugurated on December 30, 1942, the death anniversary of Filipino writer and nati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plurality Voting
Plurality voting refers to electoral systems in which a candidate, or candidates, who poll more than any other counterpart (that is, receive a plurality), are elected. In systems based on single-member districts, it elects just one member per district and may also be referred to as first-past-the-post (FPTP), single-member plurality (SMP/SMDP), single-choice voting (an imprecise term as non-plurality voting systems may also use a single choice), simple plurality or relative majority (as opposed to an ''absolute majorit''y, where more than half of votes is needed, this is called ''majority voting''). A system which elects multiple winners elected at once with the plurality rule, such as one based on multi-seat districts, is referred to as plurality block voting. Plurality voting is distinguished from ''majority voting'', in which a winning candidate must receive an absolute majority of votes: more than half of all votes (more than all other candidates combined if each voter ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1943 Philippine Presidential Election
The 1943 Philippine presidential election was held on September 25, 1943, at the midst of World War II. The Japanese-sponsored Second Philippine Republic merged all parties into the KALIBAPI, thereby creating a one-party state. All of the members of the National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic, who were elected earlier in the week, were members of the KALIBAPI. Pursuant to the 1943 constitution, Jose P. Laurel was unanimously elected president by the National Assembly. Jorge B. Vargas originally wanted to run against Laurel, but acquiesced on election eve, and consequently campaigned for the latter. The Japanese also wanted Manuel Roxas to run, but declined due to ill health for being incarcerated earlier in the year. Result Laurel was inaugurated on October 14, 1943 at the Legislative Building in Manila Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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