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Méline Tariff
The Méline tariff was a French protectionist measure introduced in 1892. It is noted as being the most important piece of economic legislation of the Third Republic and marked a return to earlier protectionist policies effectively ending the period of free trade associated with the 1860 Cobden–Chevalier Treaty. The tariff has in part been seen to be the result of efforts by industrialists to help combat a perceived external economic threat to the domestic market. It has been suggested that politically the tariff was a reflection of an emerging confluence of interests among the industrial bourgeoisie, big landowners and peasant farmers. It is named after Jules Méline Félix Jules Méline (; 20 May 183821 December 1925) was a French statesman, Prime Minister of France from 1896 to 1898. Biography Méline was born at Remiremont. Having taken up law as his profession, he was chosen a deputy in 1872, and in 187 ..., the 65th Prime Minister of France.Lebovics,Herman (1986) Prot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Third Republic
The French Third Republic (french: Troisième République, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government. The early days of the Third Republic were dominated by political disruptions caused by the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871, which the Republic continued to wage after the fall of Emperor Napoleon III in 1870. Harsh reparations exacted by the Prussians after the war resulted in the loss of the French regions of Alsace (keeping the Territoire de Belfort) and Lorraine (the northeastern part, i.e. present-day department of Moselle), social upheaval, and the establishment of the Paris Commune. The early governments of the Third Republic considered re-establishing the monarchy, but disagreement as to the nature of that monarchy and the rightful occ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cobden–Chevalier Treaty
The Cobden–Chevalier Treaty was an Anglo-French free trade agreement signed between Great Britain and France on 23 January 1860. After Britain began free trade policies in 1846, there remained tariffs with France. The 1860 treaty ended tariffs on the main items of trade—wine, brandy and silk goods from France, and coal, iron and industrial goods from Britain. The new policy was widely copied across Europe. According to Stephen Krasner, the treaty set off a "golden age of free trade" in Europe, which was lasted until the late 1870s. It was the first of eight " most favoured nation" treaties the British negotiated in the 1860s. By the 1880s, however, the rise of protectionism in Germany, the United States and elsewhere made the treaty less relevant. It was the first modern free trade agreement. It is named after the main British and French originators of the treaty, Richard Cobden MP and Michel Chevalier. Origins and negotiations In a Parliamentary session of 1859, Cobden's fri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jules Méline
Félix Jules Méline (; 20 May 183821 December 1925) was a French statesman, Prime Minister of France from 1896 to 1898. Biography Méline was born at Remiremont. Having taken up law as his profession, he was chosen a deputy in 1872, and in 1879 he was for a short time Under-Secretary to the Minister of the Interior. In 1880 he came to the front as the leading spokesman of the party which favoured the protection of French industries, and he had a considerable share in fashioning the protectionist legislation of the years 1890–1902. From 1883 to 1885 Méline was Minister for Agriculture, and in 1888–1889 he was President of the Chamber of Deputies. In 1896 he became Premier (''Président du Conseil'') and Minister for Agriculture, offices which he vacated in 1898. At one time he edited '' La République francaise'', and after his retirement from public life he wrote ''Le Retour de la terre et Ia surproduction industrielle, tout en faveur de l'agriculture'' (1905). The introd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1892 In France
Events from the year 1892 in France. Incumbents *President: Marie François Sadi Carnot *President of the Council of Ministers: ** until 27 February: Charles de Freycinet ** 27 February-6 December: Émile Loubet ** starting 6 December: Alexandre Ribot Events * 12 July – A hidden lake bursts out of a glacier on the side of Mont Blanc, flooding the valley below and killing around 200 villagers and holidaymakers in Saint-Gervais-les-Bains. * 8 November – Anarchist bomb kills six in police station in Avenue de l'Opera, Paris. * 17 November – French troops occupy Abomey, capital of kingdom of Dahomey. * Panama scandals: The Panama Canal Company bankruptcy is found to have involved over 800,000 French people (including 15,000 single women) losing their investments in stocks, bonds and founder shares of the company, to the sum of approximately 1.8 billion gold Francs. * Venus of Brassempouy discovered. Sport * 20 March – The first ever French rugby championship final takes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |