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Mélanie Joly
Mélanie Joly (born January 16, 1979) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs since October 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Joly represents the Montreal-area riding of Ahuntsic-Cartierville in the House of Commons, taking office as a member of Parliament (MP) following the 2015 federal election. She has held a number of portfolios including Canadian heritage, tourism, and La Francophonie. Joly ran for mayor of Montreal in the 2013 Montreal municipal election, placing second behind eventual winner Denis Coderre. Born in Montreal, Quebec, Joly graduated from Université de Montréal and Brasenose College, Oxford. Early and personal life Born on January 16, 1979, she grew up in Montreal's northern neighbourhood of Ahuntsic. Joly's father is Clément Joly, an accountant who was president of the Liberal Party's finance committee in Quebec and manager of the Canadian Air Transport Security Authority from 2002 to 2007. Her stepmothe ...
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The Honourable
''The Honourable'' (British English) or ''The Honorable'' (American English; American and British English spelling differences#-our, -or, see spelling differences) (abbreviation: ''Hon.'', ''Hon'ble'', or variations) is an honorific Style (manner of address), style that is used as a prefix before the names or titles of certain people, usually with official governmental or diplomatic positions. Use by governments International diplomacy In international diplomatic relations, representatives of foreign states are often styled as ''The Honourable''. Deputy chiefs of mission, , consuls-general and consuls are always given the style. All heads of consular posts, whether they are honorary or career postholders, are accorded the style according to the State Department of the United States. However, the style ''Excellency'' instead of ''The Honourable'' is used for ambassadors and high commissioners. Africa The Congo In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the prefix 'Honourable' o ...
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Maria Mourani
Maria Mourani (born May 19, 1969) is a Canadian politician who was elected as a Member of Parliament in the federal riding of Ahuntsic in Canada. She was formerly a member of the Bloc Québécois before leaving the party over its support for the proposed Quebec Charter of Values. She joined the New Democratic Party in November 2014 but was not a member of the party's caucus due to the party's policy against crossing the floor; she stood for the NDP in the 2015 Canadian federal election, but did not win. Mourani was the first woman of Lebanese origin elected to the Canadian House of Commons. In 2017, she became the Quebec representative in the Permanent Delegation of Canada at UNESCO. Before politics Mourani was born in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Of Lebanese descent, Mourani immigrated to Canada in 1988. She has held positions as rehabilitation consultant, professor, researcher, and parole officer. She is a former parole officer for Correctional Service of Canada. She is a former membe ...
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Member Of Parliament (Canada)
In Canada, member of Parliament (MP; ) is a term typically used to describe an elected politician in the House of Commons. The term can also less be used to refer to an appointed member of the Senate. Terminology The term's primary usage is in reference to the elected members of the House of Commons, as the unelected members of the Senate are titled ''Senator'' (), whereas no such alternate title exists for members of the House of Commons. A less ambiguous term for members of both chambers is Parliamentarian. There are 338 elected MPs, who each represent an individual electoral district, known as a riding. MPs are elected using the first-past-the-post system in a general election or byelection, usually held every four years or less. The 105 members of the Senate are appointed by the Crown on the advice of the prime minister. Representation As of 2021, the Canadian House of Commons has 338 members, each of whom represents a single riding. Seats are distributed among the ...
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House Of Commons Of Canada
The House of Commons of Canada (french: Chambre des communes du Canada) is the lower house of the Parliament of Canada. Together with the Crown and the Senate of Canada, they comprise the bicameral legislature of Canada. The House of Commons is a democratically elected body whose members are known as members of Parliament (MPs). There have been 338 MPs since the most recent electoral district redistribution for the 2015 federal election, which saw the addition of 30 seats. Members are elected by simple plurality ("first-past-the-post" system) in each of the country's electoral districts, which are colloquially known as ''ridings''. MPs may hold office until Parliament is dissolved and serve for constitutionally limited terms of up to five years after an election. Historically, however, terms have ended before their expiry and the sitting government has typically dissolved parliament within four years of an election according to a long-standing convention. In any case, an ac ...
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Electoral District (Canada)
An electoral district in Canada is a geographical constituency upon which Canada's representative democracy is based. It is officially known in Canadian French as a ''circonscription'' but frequently called a ''comté'' (county). In English it is also colloquially and more commonly known as a riding or constituency. Each federal electoral district returns one Member of Parliament A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with Bicameralism, bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house ... (MP) to the House of Commons of Canada; each Provinces and territories of Canada, provincial or territorial electoral district returns one representative—called, depending on the province or territory, Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA), National Assembly of Quebec, Member of the National Assembly (MNA), Member of Provincial Parliament (Ontari ...
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Chevening Scholarship
The Chevening Scholarship is an international scholarship, funded by the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office, that lets foreign students with leadership qualities study at universities in the United Kingdom. History The Chevening Scholarships Programme commenced in 1983 as the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Awards Scheme (FCOAS) and is funded by the British government's Foreign and Commonwealth Office and its partner organisations. The stated objective of the scheme is to build a network of friends of the UK, who will be future leaders in their countries. In 1994, the name of the scheme was changed to Chevening, after Chevening House in Sevenoaks, Kentcurrently the joint official residence of the British Foreign Secretary and the British Deputy Prime Minister. A companion Chevening Fellowships Scheme was launched by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 2004. The Fellowships programme provides places for mid-career professionals already in positions of leadership and in ...
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Vrai Changement Pour Montréal
Vrai changement pour Montréal ( en, Real Change for Montreal) was a municipal political party in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The party's leader was Justine McIntyre. Origins and 2013 campaign Vrai changement was founded by Mélanie Joly in September 2013 to contest the 2013 Montreal municipal elections. Joly was the party's 2013 mayoral candidate. Joly released a ten-point platform during the 2013 campaign, highlighted by a plan for improved public transit (via a 130-kilometre rapid service bus system), the construction of affordable housing units with enough rooms for young families, and a "Charter of Nightlife" to promote Montreal's vibrant nocturnal scene. She also promised to make more information publicly available, promote public art, and encourage citizen ventures via a Montreal wiki. On economic issues, Joly promised to simplify the application process for persons starting a business and to establish the office of a "Chief of economic development," who would be responsible ...
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MJur
MJur (Magister Juris or Master of Jurisprudence; common abbreviations include MJur, M.Jur., Mag. Jur. and Mag. iur.) is an academic degree in law awarded by some universities. Magister Juris at the University of Oxford The Magister Juris (MJur) is a one-year master's level course offered at the Faculty of Law, University of Oxford. It is a postgraduate degree requiring a previous first-class undergraduate degree with honours in law for admission, and is comparable to an LL.M. It is a counterpart to the long-established Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL) offered at Oxford, which is claimed to be "the most highly regarded taught masters-level qualification in the common law world", but for students from a civil law rather than a common law background. The content and structure of the MJur is practically the same as the BCL, and for the most part, BCL and MJur students study the same options in the same classes. Students select four options from a list of 40 or so available in common to ...
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Brasenose College, Oxford
Brasenose College (BNC) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. It began as Brasenose Hall in the 13th century, before being founded as a college in 1509. The library and chapel were added in the mid-17th century and the new quadrangle in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. For 2020–21, Brasenose placed 4th in the Norrington Table (an unofficial measure of performance in undergraduate degree examinations). In a recent Oxford Barometer Survey, Brasenose's undergraduates registered 98% overall satisfaction. In recent years, around 80% of the UK undergraduate intake have been from state schools. Brasenose is home to one of the oldest rowing clubs in the world, Brasenose College Boat Club. History Foundation The history of Brasenose College, Oxford stretches back to 1509, when the college was founded on the site of Brasenose Hall, a medieval academic hall whose name is first mentioned in 1279. Its name is believed to deri ...
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Université De Montréal
The Université de Montréal (UdeM; ; translates to University of Montreal) is a French-language public research university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The university's main campus is located in the Côte-des-Neiges neighborhood of Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce on Mount Royal near the Outremont Summit (also called Mount Murray), in the borough of Outremont. The institution comprises thirteen faculties, more than sixty departments and two affiliated schools: the Polytechnique Montréal (School of Engineering; formerly the École polytechnique de Montréal) and HEC Montréal (School of Business). It offers more than 650 undergraduate programmes and graduate programmes, including 71 doctoral programmes. The university was founded as a satellite campus of the Université Laval in 1878. It became an independent institution after it was issued a papal charter in 1919 and a provincial charter in 1920. Université de Montréal moved from Montreal's Quartier Latin to ...
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Le Plateau
Le Plateau-Mont-Royal () is a borough (''arrondissement'') of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The Plateau-Mont-Royal takes its name from its location on a plateau, on the eastern side of Mont-Royal and overlooking downtown Montreal, across its southern border. The borough is bordered to the south by Sherbrooke Street; to the north and north-east by the Canadian Pacific Railway tracks; and to the west by Hutchison (north of Mount Royal Avenue), Park Avenue (between Mount Royal and Pine Avenue) and University Street (south of Pine Avenue). It is the most densely populated borough in Canada, with 101,054 people living in an 8.1 square kilometre (3¼ sq. mi.) area. There is a difference between the borough, Plateau-Mont-Royal—a political division of the City of Montreal—and the neighbourhood referred to as "the Plateau". The borough includes not only the Plateau proper, but also the neighbourhoods of Mile End (bounded by Avenue du Mont-Royal to the south and the Avenue Hen ...
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Carole-Marie Allard
Carole-Marie Allard (born September 6, 1949) is a former Canadian politician who served as a Liberal member of Canada's House of Commons. She represented the riding of Laval East from 2000 to 2004. She was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Canadian Heritage, and a member of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights and the vice-chair of the Special Committee on Non-medical use of drugs. She lost the 2004 election to Robert Carrier of the Bloc Québécois in the riding of Alfred-Pellan. She is a lawyer, former press attaché, former designer, organizer and presenter of media management training programs, a former spokesperson for a corporation, and she is a former journalist, writer and producer. She is the stepmother of Mélanie Joly who is a member of the House of Commons of Canada representing Ahuntsic-Cartierville and also serves as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the government of Justin Trudeau Justin Pierre James Trudeau ( , ; born December ...
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