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Murad's Gate
Murad's Gate () is a large portal located in the eastern wall of the Palace of the Shirvanshahs complex's central courtyard in the Old City of Baku, Azerbaijan. It is the only building of the 16th century on the territory of the complex. The Murad's Gate forms part of the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Palace of the Shirvanshahs. History Historical setting In 1576, after the death of Shah Tahmasib I, his successor, Shah Ismail II, ascends the throne. The new ruler, not respecting the terms of the Amasia treaty concluded in 1555, is trying to win over the Ottoman emirs to his side. Therefore, the Ottoman Sultan Murad III instructs the beylerbey Vana to ensure the stability in the region. The relations become even more tense after the Safavid wali of Luristan joins the Ottomans. After the death of Shah Ismail II in 1577, the struggle for the throne began. In such a difficult political situation for the Safavid state, Sultan Murad III declares it war. The war, which covered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ichari Shahar
Old City or Inner City () is the historical core of Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. The Old City is the most ancient part of Baku, which is surrounded by walls. In 2007, the Old City had a population of about 3,000 people. In December 2000, the Old City of Baku, including the Palace of the Shirvanshahs and Maiden Tower, became the first location in Azerbaijan to be classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. History The Old City, including its Maiden Tower, is widely accepted to date at least to the 12th century, with some researchers contending that construction dates as far back as the 7th century. The question has not been completely settled. During this medieval period of Baku, such monuments as the Synyg Gala Minaret (11th century), the fortress walls and towers (11th–12th centuries), the Maiden Tower, the Multani Caravanserai and Hajji Gayyib bathhouse (15th century), the Palace of the Shirvanshahs (15th–16th centuries), the Bukhara Caravanserai and Gasimb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–1590)
The Ottoman–Safavid War of 1578–1590 was one of the many wars between the neighboring arch rivals of Safavid Empire and the Ottoman Empire. Starting with several years prior to the war and up to including most of the war itself, the Safavids were experiencing significant domestic issues and rivalling noble factions within the court since the death of Shah Tahmasp I. The Ottomans decided to declare war in 1577–1578 to exploit the chaos. The war, despite swift Ottoman victories in the first few years and large amounts of support from the Ottoman vassal Crimean Khanate during several stages of the war, eventually becoming geo-politically and military relatively stable for several years with both parties losing and winning smaller battles till around 1580. It eventually had a turning point following the Battle of Torches on 7–11 May 1583 and the assassination of the Safavid generals Mirza Salman Jaberi and Hamza Mirza. Following these turns of events and internal chaos in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Heritage Sites In Azerbaijan
The UNESCO, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designates World Heritage Sites of outstanding universal value to cultural heritage, cultural or natural heritage which have been nominated by countries which are signatories to the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. Cultural heritage consists of monuments (such as architectural works, monumental sculptures, or inscriptions), groups of buildings, and sites (including archaeological sites). Natural features (consisting of physical and biological formations), geological and physiographical formations (including habitats of threatened species of animals and plants), and natural sites which are important from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty, are defined as natural heritage. Azerbaijan ratified the convention on 16 December 1993. Azerbaijan has five sites on the list. The first site added to the list was the Old City (Baku), Walled City of Baku with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures In Baku
A building or edifice is an enclosed structure with a roof, walls and windows, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for numerous factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the concept, see ''Nonbuilding structure'' for contrast. Buildings serve several societal needs – occupancy, primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical separation of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) from the ''outside'' (a place that may be harsh and harmful at times). buildings have been objects or canvasses of much artistic expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building pract ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shirvanshah's Palace Mausoleum
Shirvanshah's palace mausoleum () or tomb of Shirvanshahs’ family () is a historical monument of the XV century. Locating in Old City (Baku), Old City, it is a part of Palace of the Shirvanshahs, Palace of the Shirvanshahs complex. The mausoleum is one of the three buildings located in the courtyard of the complex, the others being Palatial mosque in Baku, Shirvanshah's palace mosque and Shirvanshahs' bath houses, Shirvanshah's palace bath house. The monument was also registered as a national architectural monument by the decision of the Cabinet of Azerbaijan, Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated August 2, 2001, No. 132. Shirvanshah's palace mausoleum forms part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site, World Heritage-listed Palace of the Shirvanshahs. History The inscription on the entrance provides information about the history and architecture of the building. It says: ''"The defender of the religion, the man of the prophet, the great Sultan, Khalilullah I, Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikayil Useynov
Mikayil Alasger oghlu Huseynov (; 1905–1992) was a Soviet Azerbaijani architect and historian of architecture. He was People's Architect of the USSR (1970), Professor (1939); Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1945), full member of the Academy of Architecture of the USSR (1985), Hero of Socialist Labour (1985), laureate of the Second Class State Stalin Prize (1941), member of England's and Ireland's Royal Society of Asians. Early years Huseynov was born on 19 April 1905, in Baku, in a well-off family. His father was a millionaire, had streamships on the Caspian Sea and a great mansion on the seafront. His descent hung over him as the sword of Damocles and he could be arrested at any time. Career Until 1946, he worked in close creative and scientific cooperation with S.A. Dadashov. While students, Huseynov and Dadashov were awarded the first prize for joint design of the monument to Nizami Ganjavi - the eminent poet and thinker of the 12th century. Building of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sadig Dadashov
Sadiq Alakbar oghlu Dadashov (, 1905 – 1946) was an architect and architecture historian of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Azerbaijan, Honored Art Worker of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Azerbaijan SSR (1940), laureate of the USSR State Prize, Stalin Prize of the 2nd Degree (1941). Biography S.A. Dadashov was born on April 15, 1905, in Baku. In 1929, he graduated from Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan State Oil Academy (afterward he became its professor). He was the author of books about the architecture of Azerbaijan. He was a full member of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR (1945). Sadiq Dadashov worked in close cooperation with Mikayil Useynov. He developed progressive traditions of Azerbaijani architecture creatively. He erected many residential and public buildings in Baku and in other cities of Azerbaijan. Dadashov died in Moscow, on December 24, 1946. Architectural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Constantinople (1590)
300px, The Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire">its client states in 1590 AD. Aftermath of the Treaty of Constantinople. The Treaty of Constantinople, also known as the Peace of Istanbul or the Treaty of Serdar Ferhad Pasha, Ferhad Pasha (), was a treaty between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire ending the Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–1590), Ottoman–Safavid War of 1578–1590. It was signed on 21 March 1590 in Constantinople (present-day Istanbul). The war started when the Ottomans, then ruled by Murad III, invaded the Safavid possessions in Georgia, during a period of Safavid weakness. With the empire beleaguered on numerous fronts and its domestic control plagued by civil wars and court intrigues, the new Safavid king Abbas I, who had been placed on the throne in 1588, opted for unconditional peace, which led to the treaty. The treaty put an end to 12 years of hostilities between the two arch rivals. While both the war and the treaty were a success for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, described as the List of lakes by area, world's largest lake and usually referred to as a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia: east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asia, south of the fertile plains of Southern Russia in Eastern Europe, and north of the mountainous Iranian Plateau. It covers a surface area of (excluding the highly saline lagoon of Garabogazköl to its east), an area approximately equal to that of Japan, with a volume of . It has a salinity of approximately 1.2% (12 g/L), about a third of the salinity of average seawater. It is bounded by Kazakhstan to the northeast, Russia to the northwest, Azerbaijan to the southwest, Iran to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southeast. The name of the Caspian Sea is derived from the ancient Iranian peoples, Iranic Caspians, Caspi people. The sea stretches from north to south, with an average width of . Its gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shirvan
Shirvan (from ; ; Tat: ''Şirvan'') is a historical region in the eastern Caucasus, as known in both pre-Islamic Sasanian and Islamic times. Today, the region is an industrially and agriculturally developed part of the Republic of Azerbaijan that stretches between the western shores of the Caspian Sea and the Kura River, centered on the Shirvan Plain. History Etymology Vladimir Minorsky believes that names such as Sharvān (Shirwān), Lāyzān and Baylaqān are Iranian names from the Iranian languages of the coast of the Caspian Sea. There are several explanations about this name: * Shirvan or Sharvan are corrupted forms of the word "Shahrbān" () which means "the governor". The word "Shahrban" has been used since Achaemenian Dynasty as "Xshathrapawn" (satrap) to refer to different states of the kingdom. * Shervan in Persian means cypress tree (the same as 'sarv' in Middle Persian and in New Persian, as well as in ArabicDehkhoda dictionary). It is also used as a male n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dagestan
Dagestan ( ; ; ), officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Federal District. The republic is the southernmost tip of Russia, sharing land borders with the countries of Azerbaijan and Georgia to the south and southwest, the Russian republics of Chechnya and Kalmykia to the west and north, and with Stavropol Krai to the northwest. Makhachkala is the republic's capital and largest city; other major cities are Derbent, Kizlyar, Izberbash, Kaspiysk, and Buynaksk. Dagestan covers an area of , with a population of over 3.1 million, consisting of over 30 ethnic groups and 81 nationalities. With 14 official languages, and 12 ethnic groups each constituting more than 1% of its total population, the republic is one of Russia's most linguistically and ethnically diverse, and one of the most heteroge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tbilisi
Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia (country), Georgia, located on the banks of the Kura (Caspian Sea), Kura River. With around 1.2 million inhabitants, it contains almost one third of the country's population. Tbilisi was founded in the fifth century Anno Domini, AD by Vakhtang I of Iberia and has since served as the capital of various Georgian kingdoms and republics. Between 1801 and 1917, then part of the Russian Empire, it was the seat of the Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917), Caucasus Viceroyalty, governing both the North Caucasus, northern and the South Caucasus, southern sides of the Caucasus. Because of its location at the crossroads between Europe and Asia, and its proximity to the lucrative Silk Road, throughout history, Tbilisi has been a point of contention ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
