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Mumyōzōshi
is an early 13th-century Japanese text. One volume in length, it is the oldest existing Japanese text on prose literary criticism.Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten (1986:1798-1799) The author is unknown, but the leading candidate proposed is Shunzei's Daughter.Marra 1984 : 116. Other candidates who have been proposed include her maternal grandfather Shunzei himself and the monk .Marra 1984 : 115. Composition One manuscript gives the title as , a reference to the name of the era in which it was written. Composition occurred between 1200 and 1202.Kubota (2007:341-342) The author is unknown. Hypotheses include Fujiwara no Shunzei ( -1204); his granddaughter, often called " Shunzei's Daughter" ( - 1252); Jōkaku (1147-1226); and Shikishi Naishinnō (1149-1201); but strongest support is for Shunzei's daughter. Contents The volume is composed of four distinct sections: a preface, literary criticism, poetic criticism, and a discussion on prominent literary women. The preface introduces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torikaebaya Monogatari
, translated into English as ''The Changelings'', is a Japanese tale from the late Heian period (794 to 1185) by an unknown author, or possibly more than one author. It is four volumes in length.Kubota (2007:255) It is the tale of two siblings whose mannerisms are those of the opposite sex, and their relationships in the Emperor's court. It has been adapted as a novel, two different manga series, and a Takarazuka Revue play. It was translated into English in 1983. The reception of the tale over time has depended on how the society sees sex and gender issues, with one reading of it being as a ribald erotic comedy, while another reading is as a serious attempt to discuss sex and gender issues through a Heian Buddhist understanding. Story The story tells of a Sadaijin (high-ranking courtier) who has two similar-looking children by different mothers, but their mannerisms are those of the opposite sex. The title, "Torikaebaya", literally means "If only I could exchange them!", a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fūyō Wakashū
is a late 13th century collection of poetry from Japanese literature.Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten (1986:1545-1546)Kubota (2007:291) Composition The collection of poems was compiled in the year 1271. Although this is not completely certain, the author is believed to be Fujiwara no Tameie. According to the preface, the collection was commissioned by Emperor Go-Saga's consort, Ōmiya-in Kisshi. Contents The text was originally twenty volumes in length. However, only the first eighteen are currently extant. It contains 1418 poems collected from 198 various '' tsukuri-monogatari''. These are sorted into eleven categories, as detailed in the preface. Details of the author and context is given for each poem. The contents of the now missing 19th and 20th volumes are unknown. It contained one of the eleven categories. Value Many of the cited texts are either completely or partially no longer extant. Along with ''Mumyōzōshi'', ''Fūyō Wakashū'' is highly valued as a resource for r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monogatari
is a literary form in traditional Japanese literature – an extended prose narrative tale comparable to the epic novel. ''Monogatari'' is closely tied to aspects of the oral tradition, and almost always relates a fictional or fictionalized story, even when retelling a historical event. Many of the great works of Japanese fiction, such as the '' Genji Monogatari'' and the ''Heike Monogatari'', are in the ''monogatari'' form. History The form was prominent around the 9th to 15th centuries, reaching a peak between the 10th and 11th centuries. ''Monogatari'' was the court literature during the Heian era and also persisted in the form of archaic fiction until the sixteenth century. According to the '' Fūyō Wakashū'' (1271), at least 198 ''monogatari'' existed by the 13th century and that only 24 exist today. Genres The genre is sub-divided into multiple categories depending on their contents: ''Denki-monogatari'' Stories dealing with fantastical events. ''Uta-monogatari'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shunzei's Daughter
, 1171? – 1252?, Previously published as ''The Burning Heart'' by The Seabury Press. was a Japanese poet; she was probably the greatest female poet of her day, ranked with Princess Shikishi. Although she was called Shunzei's Daughter, Shunzei was in fact her grandfather, and her birth father's name was Fujiwara no Moriyori. Her grandfather was the noted poet Fujiwara no Shunzei, and her half-uncle was Fujiwara no Teika, who thought enough of her talents to seek her out for advice and criticism after Shunzei died, although she did not hesitate to castigate him when he completed the ''Shinchokusen Wakashū'', for Teika had turned against his former ideal poetic style of ''yoen'' (ethereal beauty) while Shunzei's Daughter had not- thus she found Teika's previous efforts to be markedly inferior, and even according to Donald Keene, "declared that if it had not been compiled by Teika she would have refused even to take it into her hands." (in a letter sent to Fujiwara no Tameie, Tei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monogatari
is a literary form in traditional Japanese literature – an extended prose narrative tale comparable to the epic novel. ''Monogatari'' is closely tied to aspects of the oral tradition, and almost always relates a fictional or fictionalized story, even when retelling a historical event. Many of the great works of Japanese fiction, such as the '' Genji Monogatari'' and the ''Heike Monogatari'', are in the ''monogatari'' form. History The form was prominent around the 9th to 15th centuries, reaching a peak between the 10th and 11th centuries. ''Monogatari'' was the court literature during the Heian era and also persisted in the form of archaic fiction until the sixteenth century. According to the '' Fūyō Wakashū'' (1271), at least 198 ''monogatari'' existed by the 13th century and that only 24 exist today. Genres The genre is sub-divided into multiple categories depending on their contents: ''Denki-monogatari'' Stories dealing with fantastical events. ''Uta-monogatari'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kenkyū
was a after '' Bunji'' and before ''Shōji.'' This period spanned the years from April 1190 through April 1199. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1190 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Bunji'' 6, on the 14th day of the 8th month of 1185.Brown, p. 337. Events of the ''Kenkyū'' era * 1192 (''Kenkyū 3, 13th day of the 3rd month''): The former-Emperor Go-Shirakawa died at the age of 66. He had been father or grandfather to five emperors -- Emperor Nijō, the 78th emperor; Emperor Rokujō, the 79th emperor; Emperor Takakura, the 80th emperor; Emperor Antoku, the 81st emperor; and Go-Toba, the 82nd emperor. * 1192 (''Kenkyū 3, 12th day of the 7th month''): Minamoto no Yoritomo is named commander-in-chief of the forces to fight the barbarians.Kitagawa p. 788. * 1195 (''Kenkyū 6, 4th day of the 3rd month''): Shōgun Yoritomo revisits the capital. * 1198 (''Kenkyū 9, 11th day of the 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamamatsu Chūnagon Monogatari
, also known as , is an eleventh-century Japanese ''monogatari'' that tells about a ''chūnagon'' who discovers his father has been reborn as a Chinese prince. He visits his reincarnated father in China and falls in love with the Hoyang Consort, consort to the Chinese Emperor and mother to his reborn father. It is told in six chapters, but the first has been lost to antiquity. The tale was written by a female author who employed several exotic locations in the work. The author considers the love between a parent and a child to be "deeper, lasting and more tender" than a romantic love between a man and a woman, which follows traditional virtues of filial piety. Plot ''Hamamatsu Chūnagon Monogatari'' is the tale of a ''chūnagon'' who lost his father when he was very young. His mother marries a widower with two daughters and he fell in love with the older daughter, Taishō no Kimi. The Chūnagon learns in a dream that his father has been reborn as the Third Prince of the Emperor o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yoru No Nezame
is a c. 11th century Japanese story. It is one of the major representative Heian period texts. It is a courtly romance and belongs to the '' tsukuri monogatari'' genre.Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten Henshū Iinkai (1986:1898-1900) Composition The text exists in both three- and five-volume editions. Beside the title ''Yoru no Nezame'', it was also known as ''Yowa no Nezame'' and ''Nezame''Kubota (2007:198-199) . Which was the original title is unclear. Also unclear is the author. The Teika manuscript of '' Sarashina Nikki'' identifies the author as the daughter of Sugawara no Takasue (1008 – c. 1059); however, there are no other means to corroborate this. Linguistic analysis suggests a post-1086 composition. The text as a whole is judged to be a c. 11th-century work. Major portions of the middle and end are no longer extant. Their contents may be inferred from other sources such as ''Mumyōzōshi'', '' Shūi Hyakuban Utaawase'', '' Fūyō Wakashū'', ''Yoru no Nezame Monogatari' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Izumi Shikibu
was a mid-Heian period Japanese poet. She is a member of the . She was the contemporary of Murasaki Shikibu, and Akazome Emon at the court of empress Joto Mon'in. She "is considered by many to have been the greatest woman poet of the Heian period". Her legacy includes 242 poems and two '' kashu''. "Torn between worldly ties and physical desire, Izumi Shikibu left a wealth of passionate love poetry, fueling rumors that purported that she was a femme fatale with numerous lovers besides her two husbands and two princely lovers." Early life Izumi Shikibu was the daughter of Oe no Masamune, governor of Echizen. Her mother was the daughter of Taira no Yasuhira, governor of Etchu. In 995, at the age of 20, Izumi was married to Tachibana no Michisada, governor of Izumi, the origin for her name. Their daughter was born in 997, Koshikibu no Naishi, who also became a poet. However, Izumi soon divorced, and her former husband died soon afterwards. Introduction by Amy Lowell. As is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akazome Emon
was a Japanese ''waka'' poet and early historian who lived in the mid-Heian period. She is a member both of the and the . Biography Akazome Emon's year of birth is unknown, but she was likely born between Tentoku 1 (957) and Kōhō 1 (964). She was officially the daughter of Akazome Tokimochi (赤染時用), but the late-Heian karonsho (book of poetic criticism) ' records that her biological father was her mother's first husband, Taira no Kanemori. A poetic exchange between Emon and Fujiwara no Michitaka, dating to around Ten'en 2 (974) to Jōgen 2 (977), when she was likely in her late teens, is the earliest dateable event in her life. At roughly this time, she went to serve in the household of Minamoto no Masanobu, and for a long time thereafter she served his daughter Rinshi ( ja), the wife of Fujiwara no Michinaga. It was also around this time (Ten'en–Jōgen) that she married , a Confucian scholar and poet of both ''waka'' and '' kanshi''. They had a son, , a daugh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans Japanese archipelago, an archipelago of List of islands of Japan, 6852 islands covering ; the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa Island, Okinawa. Tokyo is the Capital of Japan, nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. Japan is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eleventh most populous country in the world, as well as one of the List of countries and dependencies by population density, most densely populated and Urbanization by country, urbanized. About three-fourths of Geography of Japan, the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murasaki Shikibu
was a Japanese novelist, poet and lady-in-waiting at the Imperial court in the Heian period. She is best known as the author of '' The Tale of Genji,'' widely considered to be one of the world's first novels, written in Japanese between about 1000 and 1012. Murasaki Shikibu is a descriptive name; her personal name is unknown, but she may have been , who was mentioned in a 1007 court diary as an imperial lady-in-waiting. Heian women were traditionally excluded from learning Chinese, the written language of government, but Murasaki, raised in her erudite father's household, showed a precocious aptitude for the Chinese classics and managed to acquire fluency. She married in her mid-to late twenties and gave birth to a daughter before her husband died, two years after they were married. It is uncertain when she began to write ''The Tale of Genji'', but it was probably while she was married or shortly after she was widowed. In about 1005, she was invited to serve as a lady-in-wait ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
