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Muhammad's Birthday
The Mawlid () is an annual festival commemorating the birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad on the traditional date of 12 Rabi' al-Awwal, the third month of the Islamic calendar. A day central to the traditions of some Sunnis, Mawlid is also celebrated by Shia Muslims. The history of this celebration goes back to the early days of Islam when some of the Tabi‘un began to hold sessions in which poetry and songs composed to honour Muhammad were recited and sung to crowds in the major cities. The celebration was continued by the Abbasids and the Fatimids. The Muslim general Gökböri, a deputy of Saladin (), is believed to have been the first to publicly celebrate Mawlid, which he did in an impressive ceremony at the Prophet's Mosque in Medina. The Ottomans under Murad III () declared it an official holiday. Celebrants hold on Mawlid in which religious poetry is recited in praise of Muhammad accompanied by a feast. Other customs affiliated with Mawlid are supererogatory fas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam In Malaysia
Islam in Malaysia is represented by the Shafi‘i school of Sunni Islam, Sunni jurisprudence.malaysianbar.org:PRESS STATEMENT: Malaysia a secular State 18 July 2007Wu & Hickling, p. 35. Islam was introduced to Malaysia by traders arriving from Persia, Arabia, China and the Indian subcontinent. It became firmly established in the 15th century. In the Constitution of Malaysia, Islam is granted the status of "religion of the Federation" to symbolize its importance to Malaysian society, while defining Malaysia constitutionally as a secular state. Therefore, other religions can be practiced legally, though Freedom of religion in Malaysia, freedom of religion is still lim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbasids
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (; ) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. After overthrowing the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH), they ruled as caliphs based in modern-day Iraq, with Baghdad being their capital for most of their history. The Abbasid Revolution had its origins and first successes in the easterly region of Khurasan, far from the Levantine center of Umayyad influence. The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad as the new capital. Baghdad became the center of science, culture, arts, and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. By housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi-rel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twelver
Twelver Shi'ism (), also known as Imamism () or Ithna Ashari, is the Islamic schools and branches, largest branch of Shia Islam, Shi'a Islam, comprising about 90% of all Shi'a Muslims. The term ''Twelver'' refers to its adherents' belief in twelve divinely ordained leaders, known as the Twelve Imams, and their belief that the last Imam, Hujjat-Allah al-Mahdi, Imam al-Mahdi, lives in Occultation (Islam), occultation (''ghayba'') and will reappear as "the awaited Mahdi" (''al-Mahdi al-muntazar''). Twelver Shi'as believe that the Twelve Imams are divinely appointed as both spiritual and political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and that they possess special knowledge and authority to guide the Muslim community. According to theology of Twelvers, Twelver theology, the Twelve Imams are exemplary human individuals who rule over the Ummah, Muslim community (''Ummah'') with justice, and are able to preserve and interpret the Sharia, Islamic law (Sharia) and the Esoteric inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunni
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world. It holds that Muhammad did not appoint any successor and that his closest companion Abu Bakr () rightfully succeeded him as the caliph of the Muslim community, being appointed at the meeting of Saqifa. This contrasts with the Shia view, which holds that Muhammad appointed Ali ibn Abi Talib () as his successor. Nevertheless, Sunnis revere Ali, along with Abu Bakr, Umar () and Uthman () as ' rightly-guided caliphs'. The term means those who observe the , the practices of Muhammad. The Quran, together with hadith (especially the Six Books) and (scholarly consensus), form the basis of all traditional jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. Sharia legal rulings are derived from these basic sources, in conjunction with consideration of public welfare and juristic discretion, using the principles of jurisprudence developed by the four legal schools: Hanafi, Hanbali, Maliki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhikr
(; ; ) is a form of Islamic worship in which phrases or prayers are repeatedly recited for the purpose of remembering God. It plays a central role in Sufism, and each Sufi order typically adopts a specific ''dhikr'', accompanied by specific posture, breathing, and movement. In Sufism, ''dhikr'' refers to both the act of this remembrance as well as the prayers used in these acts of remembrance. ''Dhikr'' usually includes the names of God or supplication from the Quran or hadith. It may be counted with either one's fingers or prayer beads, and may be performed alone or with a collective group. A person who recites ''dhikr'' is called a ''dhākir'' (; ; ). The Quran frequently refers to itself and other scriptures and prophetic messages as "reminders" (''dhikrah'', ''tadhkīrah''), which is understood as a call to "remember" (''dhikr'') an innate knowledge of God humans already possess. The Quran uses the term ''dhikr'' to denote the reminder from God conveyed through the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Poetry
Islamic poetry is a form of spoken word written & recited by Muslims. Islamic poetry, and notably Sufi poetry, has been written in many languages including Urdu poetry, Urdu and Turkish poetry, Turkish. Genres of Islamic poetry include Ginans, devotional hymns recited by Ismailis; Ghazal, poetic expression of the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. and Qasida, written poetry, often translated as ode, passed on through the Arab Muslim expansion; and blank verse (''shi'r musal''). History and origins Beginning with the migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina (A.D. 622), also known as the Hijra (Islam), Hijrah, the qasida or ode was a sharp contrast to the sacred Quran. Writers at the time of pre-Islamic poetry were considered to be lacking the knowledge and authority necessary to be writing such poetry, thus leading this period of time to be called the "Age of Ignorance". This time period caused tension amongst the early Isl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehfil
Mehfil or ''mahfil'' (Urdu: محفل), alternatively known as Bazm (Urdu: بزم) is a formal venue where indoor recreational activities such as poetry ( mushaira), singing, music, and dance are entertained in parts of the Indian subcontinent. It is part of Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb culture. Historically, ''mehfil''s were presented in the homes or palaces of Muslim royalty or noblemen, who acted as these artists' patrons. Mehfils are also an integral part of the Hyderabadi Muslim community, and used as a way of unity among them, all around the world. Today they are generally held in the homes of especially avid music lovers or the lovers of poetry-recitation gatherings. ''Ghazals'' are a common genre performed at ''mehfil''s. Ghazal recitation gatherings are called 'Mehfil-e-Mushaira' in the Urdu language. Etymology The word ''mehfil'' derives from the Arabic word ''mehfil'' (), which means a (festive) "gathering to entertain (or praise someone)." '' Tafsir-ul-Quran Mahfil'' i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kandil
Kandil (from ) refers to five Islamic holy nights, celebrated in Ottoman and Muslim Balkan communities, related to the life of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, when the minarets are illuminated and special prayers are made. It is a tradition dated back to the Ottoman Sultan Selim II of the 16th century, who with the support of the Shaykh al-Islām "Chief Jurisconsult" of the time, thought it was appropriate to light up the minarets on mosques for these blessed occasions. Kandil is derived from Arabic ''qindīl'' "chandelier, candelabra",İslâm Ansiklopedisi, s.v. KANDİL and refers to an oil lamp. Kandil nights play a less significant role than the Bayram festivals. In Turkey, Kandil simidi, a special smaller form of simit is commonly sold on Kandil days. The five Kandil nights * (Mawlid): The birth of Muhammad, * ( Laylat al-Raghaib): God's mercy, donations and aid are distributed on this night, * (Isra' and Mi'raj): Muhammad's ascent to heaven, * ( Mid-Sha'ban): Forgivene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murad III
Murad III (; ; 4 July 1546 – 16 January 1595) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595. His rule saw battles with the Habsburg monarchy, Habsburgs and exhausting wars with the Safavid Iran, Safavids. The long-independent Saadi Sultanate, Morocco was for a time made a vassal of the empire but regained independence in 1582. His reign also saw the empire's expanding influence on the eastern coast of Africa. However, the empire was beset by increasing corruption and inflation from the New World which led to unrest among the Janissary and commoners. Relations with Elizabethan England were cemented during his reign, as both had a common enemy in the Spanish Empire, Spanish. He was also a great patron of the arts, commissioning the ''Siyer-i Nebi, Siyer-i-Nebi'' and other illustrated manuscripts. Early life Born in Manisa on 4 July 1546, Şehzade Murad was the oldest son of Şehzade Selim II, Selim and his powerful wife Nurbanu Sultan. He received a good ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medina
Medina, officially al-Madinah al-Munawwarah (, ), also known as Taybah () and known in pre-Islamic times as Yathrib (), is the capital of Medina Province (Saudi Arabia), Medina Province in the Hejaz region of western Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the oldest and most important places in Islamic history. The Holiest sites in Islam, second holiest city in Islam, the population as of 2022 is 1,411,599, making it the List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia, fourth-most populous city in the country. Around 58.5% of the population are Saudi citizens and 41.5% are foreigners. Located at the core of the Medina Province in the western reaches of the country, the city is distributed over , of which constitutes the city's urban area, while the rest is occupied by the Hijaz Mountains, Hejaz Mountains, empty valleys, Agriculture in Saudi Arabia, agricultural spaces and older dormant volcanoes. Medina is generally considered to be the "cradle of Islamic culture and ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prophet's Mosque
The Prophet's Mosque () is the List of the oldest mosques, second mosque built by the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad in Medina, after the Quba Mosque, as well as the second List of large mosques, largest mosque and Holiest sites in Islam, holiest site in Islam, after the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, in the Saudi Arabia, Saudi region of the Hejaz. The mosque is located at the heart of Medina, and is a major site of Ziyarat, pilgrimage that falls under the purview of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques. Muhammad himself was involved in the construction of the mosque. At the time, the mosque's land belonged to two young orphans, Sahl and Suhayl, and when they learned that Muhammad wished to acquire their land to erect a mosque, they went to Muhammad and offered the land to him as a gift; Muhammad insisted on paying a price for the land because they were orphaned children. The price agreed upon was paid by Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, who thus be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
