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Mugni
The mugni (archlute) is a Persian stringed musical instrument which resembles a tar except that the two globes are connected and not separated like the tar's. During Ghuri rulers and Khwarizmi (12th – 13th century) music grew. Two notable theorists of this era were Fakhr al-Din al-Razi and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi. Another Persian theorist was Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi who was famous for Pearl of Crown (Durrat al-taj). In the Treasure-House of Gift (Kanz al -Tahaf) an important work in 1350, ud (lute), rubab (lute), mughni (archlute), chang (harp), nuzhe, qanun (psaltery), Ghaychak (spiked viol), pisha (fife) and nay-i siyah (reedpipe) are completely described. In other places, dutar (two strings) and setar (three strings) exquisite of poet Hafez are mentioned. See also * Safi al-Din al-Urmawi Safi al-Din al-Urmawi al-Baghdadi ( fa, صفی الدین اورموی) or Safi al-Din Abd al-Mu'min ibn Yusuf ibn al-Fakhir al-Urmawi al-Baghdadi (born c. 1216 AD in Urmia, died in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuzhe
The nuzhe ( az, nüzhə or ) is an Azerbaijani string instrument. Nuzhe was made in base of çeng and qanun (instrument). Nuzhe, invented by prominent music expert Safi al-Din al-Urmawi. See also * Safi al-Din al-Urmawi * Mugni The mugni (archlute) is a Persian stringed musical instrument which resembles a tar except that the two globes are connected and not separated like the tar's. During Ghuri rulers and Khwarizmi (12th – 13th century) music grew. Two notable the ... Notes External links {{Zithers Azerbaijani musical instruments Azerbaijani inventions Box zithers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safi Al-Din Al-Urmawi
Safi al-Din al-Urmawi al-Baghdadi ( fa, صفی الدین اورموی) or Safi al-Din Abd al-Mu'min ibn Yusuf ibn al-Fakhir al-Urmawi al-Baghdadi (born c. 1216 AD in Urmia, died in 1294 AD in Baghdad) was a renowned musician and writer on the theory of music, possibly of Persian origin. Background and life Safi al-Din Abd al-Muʾmin ibn Yusof ibn Fakhir al-Ormawi al-Baghdadi (Sufi al-Dīn in some Ottoman sources), renowned musician and writer on the theory of music, was born c. 613 AH (1216 AD), probably in Urmiya (Iran). He died in Baghdad on 28 Ṣafar 693 AH (28 January 1294 AD), at the age of about 80. According to the Encyclopedia of Islam "The sources are silent about the ethnic origin of his family. He may have been of Persian descent Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi calls him afdal-i Īrān (A sage of Iran)". Based on its terminology, Al-Urmawi's 'international' modal system was intended to represent the predominant Arab and Persian local traditions. In his youth, he went to B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archlute
The archlute ( es, archilaúd, it, arciliuto, german: Erzlaute) is a European plucked string instrument developed around 1600 as a compromise between the very large theorbo, the size and re-entrant tuning of which made for difficulties in the performance of solo music, and the Renaissance tenor lute, which lacked the bass range of the theorbo. Essentially a tenor lute with the theorbo's neck-extension, the archlute lacks the power in the tenor and the bass that the theorbo's large body and typically greater string length provide. Overview The main differences between the archlute and the "baroque" lute of northern Europe are that the baroque lute has 11 to 13 courses, while the archlute typically has 14, and the tuning of the first six courses of the baroque lute outlines a d-minor chord, while the archlute preserves the tuning of the Renaissance lute, with perfect fourths surrounding a third in the middle for the first six. The archlute was often used as a solo instrument ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pisha
The music of Iran encompasses music that is produced by Iranian artists. In addition to the traditional Iranian folk music, folk and Persian traditional music, classical music genre, genres, it also includes Iranian pop music, pop and internationally celebrated styles such as Iranian jazz, jazz, Iranian rock, rock, and Iranian hip hop, hip hop. Iranian music influenced other cultures in Western Asia, West Asia, building up much of the musical terminology of the neighboring Turkic peoples, Turkic and Arabic cultures, and reached India through the 16th-century Persianate society, Persianate Mughal Empire, whose court promoted new musical forms by bringing Iranian musicians. History Earliest records Music in Iran, as evidenced by the "pre-Iranian" Archaeology, archaeological records of Elam, the oldest civilization in southwestern Iran, dates back thousands of years. Iran is the birthplace of the earliest complex instruments, which date back to the third millennium BC. A number of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azerbaijani Musical Instruments
Azerbaijani traditional musical instruments are a family of ancient string, wind and percussion instruments used in the performance of Azerbaijani traditional music. Types of instruments Instruments used in traditional Azerbaijani music include the stringed instruments ''tar'' (skin faced lute), the '' kamancha'' (skin faced spike fiddle), the ''oud'', originally ''barbat'', and the '' saz'' (long necked lute); the double-reed wind instrument '' balaban'', the frame drum ''ghaval'', the cylindrical double faced drum '' nagara'' (''davul''), and the '' goshe nagara'' (''naqareh'') (pair of small kettle drums). Other instruments include the ''garmon'' (small accordion), '' tutek'' (whistle flute), and '' daf'' (frame drum). The zurna and naghara duo is played at weddings and other local celebrations. Instruments can be played individually, in an improvisational manner, in ensembles, during traditional ceremonies and folk dances. String instruments The main stringed instrument ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Musical Instruments
Persian musical instruments or Iranian musical instruments can be broadly classified into three categories: classical, Western and folk. Most of Persian musical instruments spread in the former Persian Empires states all over the Middle East, Caucasus, Central Asia and through adaptation, relations, and trade, in Europe and far regions of Asia. In ancient era, the Silk road had an effective role in this distribution. String instruments Orchestral *Tar *Setar *Kamancheh *Ghaychak * Barbat *Chang (instrument)/Angular harp *Santoor * Qānūn * Shurangiz Safavid-style portrait, female musician plays a tar.jpg, Tar Woman with a setar, Safavid Iran, Isfahan (ca. 1600-1610).jpg, Setar, ca. 1610 A court musician playing the kemanche, painting by Abul Qasim, Qajar Iran.jpg, Kamancheh Woman playing a santur, Qajar Iran, artist named Ahmad.jpg, Woman playing a santur, 19th century File:Ralamb-89.jpg, Qanun, from Rålamb Costume Book, 1657 Folklore *Dotar *Tanbur *Tar (Azerbaijani ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hafez
Khwāje Shams-od-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī ( fa, خواجه شمسالدین محمّد حافظ شیرازی), known by his pen name Hafez (, ''Ḥāfeẓ'', 'the memorizer; the (safe) keeper'; 1325–1390) and as "Hafiz", was a Persian lyric poet, whose collected works are regarded by many Iranians as a pinnacle of Persian literature. His works are often found in the homes of people in the Persian-speaking world, who learn his poems by heart and use them as everyday proverbs and sayings. His life and poems have become the subjects of much analysis, commentary and interpretation, influencing post-14th century Persian writing more than any other Persian author. Hafez is best known for his Divan of Hafez, a collection of his surviving poems probably compiled after his death. His works can be described as "antinomian" and with the medieval use of the term "theosophical"; the term "theosophy" in the 13th and 14th centuries was used to indicate mystical work by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Setar
A setar ( fa, سهتار, ) is a stringed instrument, a type of lute used in Persian traditional music, played solo or accompanying voice. It is a member of the tanbur family of long-necked lutes with a range of more than two and a half octaves. Originally a three stringed instrument, a fourth string was added by the mid 19th century. It is played with the index finger of the right hand. It has been speculated that the setar originated in Persia by the 9th century C.E. A more conservative estimate says "it originated in the 15th century, or even earlier." Although related to the tanbur, in recent centuries, the setar has evolved so that, musically, it more closely resembles the tar, both in tuning and playing style. Etymology According to Curt Sachs, Persians chose to name their lutes around the word ''tar'', meaning string, combined with a word for the number of strings. Du + tar is the 2-stringed dutār, se + tar is the 3-stringed setār, čartar (4 strings), pančtār ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutar
The ''dutar'' (also ''Dotara, dotar''; fa, دوتار, dutâr; russian: Дутар; tg, дутор; ug, دۇتار, ucy=Дутар, Dutar; uz, dutor; ; dng, Дутар) is a traditional Iranian long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran and Central Asia. Its name comes from the Persian language, Persian word for "two strings", دوتار ''do tār'' (< دو ''do'' "two",تار ''tār'' "string"), although the Herati dutar of Afghanistan has fourteen strings. Dutar is very popular in Tajikistan and Khorasan province of Iran. When played, the strings are usually plucked by the Uyghur people, Uyghurs of Western China and strummed and plucked by the Tājik people, Tajiks, Turkmen people, Turkmen, Uzbeks. Related instruments include the Kazakhstan, Kazakh dombra. The Dutar is also an important instrument among the Kurds of Khorasan amongst whom Haj Ghorban Soleimani of Quchan was a noted virtuoso. In Kurdish languages, Kurdish one who plays the dutar is known as a bakci (bakhshi), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psaltery
A psaltery ( el, ψαλτήρι) (or sawtry, an archaic form) is a fretboard-less box zither (a simple chordophone) and is considered the archetype of the zither and dulcimer; the harp, virginal, harpsichord and clavichord were also inspired by it. Its resonance box is usually trapezoidal, rectangular or in the form of a "pig's head" and often richly decorated. Etymology The psaltery of Ancient Greece (''epigonion'') was a harp-like stringed instrument. The word ''psaltery'' derives from the Ancient Greek ψαλτήριον (''psaltḗrion''), "stringed instrument, psaltery, harp" and that from the verb ψάλλω (''psállō''), "to touch sharply, to pluck, pull, twitch" and in the case of the strings of musical instruments, "to play a stringed instrument with the fingers, and not with the plectrum." The psaltery was originally made from wood, and relied on natural acoustics for sound production. In the King James Bible "psaltery", and its plural, "psalteries", are used to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghaychak
Ghaychak or Gheychak (Persian: غیچک) is a bowed lute used in Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Tajikistan. The name is similar to the Central Asian ghijak, but that instrument is more closely related to the kamancheh. Double-chambered bowl lute A double-chambered bowl lute with four or more metal strings and a short fretless neck. It is used by Iranians and Baloch people The Baloch or Baluch ( bal, بلۏچ, Balòc) are an Iranian peoples, Iranian people who live mainly in the Balochistan region, located at the southeasternmost edge of the Iranian plateau, encompassing the countries of Pakistan, Iran, and Afgh ..., and is similar to Sarinda. The soundbox is carved out of a single piece of wood. The upper orifice is partly covered in the middle by the handle and the lower one is covered by a skin membrane against which the bridge rests. File:Ghaychak.jpg, Ghaychak File:Ghaychak2.jpg, side view Sources * References External links Ghaychak String instruments Pers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
