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Moss Side Riot
In July 1981, the inner-city district of Moss Side in Manchester, England, was the scene of mass protesting. The protests at Moss Side started at the local police station and later moved into the surrounding streets over two days. Key factors seen as fuel for this protest were racial tension, due to frequent allegations of police officers racially abusing and using excessive force against black youths in the area,Manchester Evening News - Moss Side Riots 25 Years On and mass unemployment brought on by the early 1980s recession. Unemployment was at a post-war high across the nation during 1981, but was much higher than the national average in Moss Side. Initial riot and police response On 8 July 1981, a crowd of more tha ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moss Side
Moss Side is an Inner city, inner-city area of Manchester, England, south of the Manchester city centre, city centre, It had a population of 20,745 at the United Kingdom Census 2021, 2021 census. Moss Side is bounded by Hulme to the north, Chorlton-on-Medlock, Rusholme and Fallowfield to the east, Whalley Range, Manchester, Whalley Range to the south, and Old Trafford (area), Old Trafford to the west. As well as Whitworth Park and Alexandra Park, Manchester, Alexandra Park, Moss Side is close to Manchester University, Manchester and Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester Metropolitan universities."Moss Side and Rusholme District Centre Local Plan". Manchester City Council. 2007. p. 52. Manchester City F.C., Manchester City played at Maine Road in Moss Side between 1923 and 2003. History Historic counties of England, Historically part of Lancashire, Moss Side was a rural Township (England), township and chapelry within the Manchester (ancient parish), parish of Manche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louise Da-Cocodia
Louise Da-Cocodia , BEM, JP (9 November 1934 – 13 March 2008) was an anti-racism campaigner and former Deputy Lord Lieutenant of Manchester. Biography Born in Saint Catherine, Jamaica, Louise Da-Cocodia moved to Britain in 1955 to train as a nurse, invited as part of a government overseas recruitment drive to staff the newly formed National Health Service. As a nurse-in-training, she often encountered racism from colleagues and patients. In 1958, Louise Da-Cocodia qualified as a Staff Registered Nurse, and began a nursing career spanning 31 years. In 1966 she was appointed as Assistant Superintendent of District Nurses, the first Black senior nursing officer in Manchester. Even as a manager she experienced racist remarks from colleagues: "Those black so and so’s coming here and giving us orders!" These experiences of prejudice inspired Louise to dedicate herself to tackling race equality issues: "deep in my mind is my commitment to bridge the gap which has led to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1981 England Riots
In April and July 1981, there were riots in several cities and towns in England. The riots mainly involved black English youth clashing with police. They were caused by tension between black people and the police, especially perceived racist discrimination against black people through increased use of stop-and-search,J. A. Cloake & M. R. Tudor. ''Multicultural Britain''. Oxford University Press, 2001. pp.60-64 and were also fuelled by inner city deprivation. The most serious riots were the April Brixton riots in London, followed in July by the Toxteth riots in Liverpool, the Handsworth riots in Birmingham, the Chapeltown riots in Leeds, and the Moss Side riots in Manchester. There were also a series of less serious riots in other towns and cities. As a result of the riots, the government commissioned the Scarman Report. Context Racial tensions In all the four main cases, these areas had large ethnic minority communities, who had largely immigrated from the Commonwealth in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Todd (police Officer)
Michael James Todd QPM (10 August 1957 – 11 March 2008Michael Todd: The Times obituary '' The Times''. London. 12 March 2008) was Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police from October 2002 until his death. Early life and education Todd grew up in Essex where he attended the Billericay School and later attended the[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandra Park, Manchester
Alexandra Park is a park in Manchester, England, designed by Alexander Gordon Hennell, and opened to the public in 1870. The lodge and gateways are the work of Alfred Darbyshire. The park was developed by Manchester Corporation before the area was incorporated into the city, the site being purchased in 1864 from William Egerton, 1st Baron Egerton. The roads to the East and West sides of the park were named Princess Road and Alexandra Road, also in honour of Princess Alexandra. Design Two lodges at the Northern entrances were designed by Alfred Darbyshire as homes for the park superintendent and the deputy park keeper. Only one, Chorlton Lodge, now survives. Hennell's design includes a raised walk, and a half mile lime walk wide enough for horse-drawn carriages, which are the only straight lines. All the other paths form circles and two large ovals, one of which encloses the cricket pitch, the other being used for football. A lake was constructed from two former marl pits. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institutional Racism
Institutional racism, also known as systemic racism, is a form of racism that is embedded in the laws and regulations of a society or an organization. It manifests as discrimination in areas such as criminal justice, employment, housing, health care, education, and political representation. The term ''institutional racism'' was first coined in 1967 by Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton in '' Black Power: The Politics of Liberation''. Carmichael and Hamilton wrote in 1967 that while individual racism is often identifiable because of its overt nature, institutional racism is less perceptible because of its "less overt, far more subtle" nature. Institutional racism "originates in the operation of established and respected forces in the society, and thus receives far less public condemnation than ndividual racism. Institutional racism was defined by Sir William Macpherson in the UK's Lawrence report (1999) as: "The collective failure of an organisation to provide an appr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Wilmot (police Officer)
David Wilmot (January 20, 1814 – March 16, 1868) was an American politician and judge. He served as Representative and a Senator for Pennsylvania and as a judge of the Court of Claims. He is best known for being the prime sponsor and eponym of the Wilmot Proviso, a failed proposal to ban the expansion of slavery to western lands gained in the Mexican Cession. A notable member of the anti-slavery Free Soil Party, Wilmot later was instrumental in establishing the Republican Party in Pennsylvania. Education and career Born on January 20, 1814, in Bethany, Pennsylvania, Wilmot completed preparatory studies at the local Beech Woods Academy and at the Cayuga Lake Academy at Aurora, Cayuga County, New York, then read law with Pennsylvania state judge William Jessup in Montrose, Pennsylvania and with George Washington Woodward in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania in August 1834. He was admitted to the bar of Bradford County, Pennsylvania and entered private practice in Towand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murder Of Stephen Lawrence
Stephen Lawrence (13 September 1974 – 22 April 1993) was a black British teenager from Plumstead, southeast London, who was murdered in a racially motivated attack while waiting for a bus in Well Hall Road, Eltham on the evening of 22 April 1993, when he was 18 years old. The case became a cause célèbre: its fallout included changes of attitudes on racism and the police, and to the law and police practice. It also led to the partial revocation of the rule against double jeopardy. Two of the perpetrators were convicted of murder on 3 January 2012.Stephen Lawrence murder: A timeline of how the story unfolded . BBC, 7 March 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2013. After the initial investigation, six suspects were arrested but not charged; a |
Shebeen
A shebeen ( ga, síbín) was originally an illicit bar or club where excisable alcoholic beverages were sold without a licence. The term has spread far from its origins in Ireland, to Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Zimbabwe, the English-speaking Caribbean, Namibia, Malawi, and South Africa. In modern South Africa, many shebeens are now fully legal. South Africa In South Africa and Zimbabwe, shebeens are most often located in townships as an alternative to Eurocentric pubs and bars. Under South African apartheid laws, Africans were prohibited from brewing and selling indigenous beer (sorghum or maize meal with far less alcohol content) and were forced to promote, sell and consume European alcoholic beverages. Separately during some of the Rhodesian era, indigenous Africans were barred from entering pubs or bars reserved for those of White European descent. Originally shebeens were operated illegally by women who were called Shebeen Queens and were themselves a reviv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gus John
Augustine John (born 11 March 1945)Biography , Gus John website. is a Grenada, Grenadian-born writer, education campaigner, consultant, lecturer and researcher, who moved to the UK in 1964. He has worked in the fields of education policy, management and international development. As a social analyst he specialises in social audits, change management, policy formulation and review, and programme evaluation and development. Since the 1960s he has been active in issues of education and schooling in Britain's inner cities such as Manchester, Birmingham and London, and was the first black Director of Education and Leisure Services in Britain. He has also worked in a number of university settings, including as visiting Faculty Professor of Education at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, as an associate profess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dave Thompson (police Officer)
Sir David Thompson is the former chief constable of West Midlands Police, England's second-largest and the United Kingdom's third-largest police force. He retired from the post on 5 December 2022, succeeded by Craig Guildford. Police career Greater Manchester Police Thompson joined Greater Manchester Police (GMP) in 1990. During his career with GMP he served at every rank, starting as a constable in North Manchester. He worked on the Manchester Olympic bid and led work on New Deal for East Manchester. He commanded the main policing operations for the 2002 Commonwealth Games at the City of Manchester Stadium including the opening and closing ceremonies. He was also commander for central Manchester, policing the diverse communities of Moss Side and Longsight. In 2007 he was appointed an assistant chief constable of GMP and at various times led policing portfolios for Operations, Local Policing, Crime, Information Technology and Terrorism. At a national level he led the 2010 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1981 Toxteth Riots
The Toxteth riots of July 1981 were a civil disturbance in Toxteth, inner-city Liverpool, which arose in part from long-standing tensions between the local police and the black community. They followed the Brixton riot earlier that year and were part of the 1981 England riots. Background The Merseyside police force had, at the time, a poor reputation within the black community for stopping and searching young black men in the area, under the "sus" laws, and the heavy-handed arrest of Leroy Alphonse Cooper on Friday 3 July near Granby Street, watched by an angry crowd, led to a disturbance in which three policemen were injured. The existing tensions between police and people had already been noticed by local magistrate, Councillor and Chair of the Merseyside Police Committee, Margaret Simey, who was frequently critical of the hardline tactics used by the then Chief Constable Kenneth Oxford. She said of the rioters "they would be apathetic fools ... if they didn't protest", ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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