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Morogoro Conference
The Morogoro Conference was a consultative conference held by the South African African National Congress (ANC) in Morogoro, Tanzania, from 25 April to 1 May 1969. The organisation had not held a large-scale meeting of its membership since it was banned by the apartheid government in 1960, and the Morogoro Conference was to become the first of three consultative conferences that the ANC held while in exile. The conference was attended by over seventy delegates, and included representation for various ANC branches, various units of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), and other political and labour organisations opposed to apartheid. It was also well attended by interested parties from other African liberation movements: the conference was opened by George Magombe, the executive secretary of the Liberation Committee of the Organisation of African Unity, and speeches were also made by representatives of the All-African Trade Union Federation, the Tanganyika African National Union, the National ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African National Congress
The African National Congress (ANC) is a Social democracy, social-democratic political party in Republic of South Africa, South Africa. A liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid, it has governed the country since 1994, when the 1994 South African general election, first post-apartheid election installed Nelson Mandela as President of South Africa. Cyril Ramaphosa, the incumbent national President, has served as President of the ANC since 18 December 2017. Founded on 8 January 1912 in Bloemfontein as the South African Native National Congress (SANNC), the organisation was formed to agitate, by moderate methods, for the rights of black South Africans. When the National Party (South Africa), National Party government came to power 1948 South African general election, in 1948, the ANC's central purpose became to oppose the new government's policy of institutionalised apartheid. To this end, its methods and means of organisation shifted; its adoption of the techn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lusaka
Lusaka (; ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Zambia. It is one of the fastest-developing cities in southern Africa. Lusaka is in the southern part of the central plateau at an elevation of about . , the city's population was about 3.3 million, while the urban population is estimated at 2.5 million in 2018. Lusaka is the centre of both commerce and government in Zambia and connects to the country's four main highways heading Great North Road, Zambia, north, Livingstone Road, south, Great East Road, east and Great West Road, Zambia, west. English is the official language of the city administration, while Bemba language, Bemba, Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe), Tonga, Lenje, Soli language, Soli, Lozi language, Lozi and Nyanja are the commonly spoken street languages. The earliest evidence of settlement in the area dates to the 6th century AD, with the first known settlement in the 11th century. It was then home to the Lenje people, Lenje and Soli language, Soli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The African National Congress
: The African National Congress (ANC) has been the governing party of the Republic of South Africa since 1994. The ANC was founded on 8 January 1912 in Bloemfontein and is the oldest liberation movement in Africa. Called the South African Native National Congress until 1923, the ANC was founded as a national discussion forum and organised pressure group, which sought to advance black South Africans’ rights using non-violent and primarily diplomatic methods. Its early membership was a small, loosely centralised coalition of traditional leaders and educated, religious professionals, and it was staunchly loyal to the British crown during the First World War. It was in the early 1950s, shortly after the National Party’s adoption of a formal policy of apartheid, that the ANC became a mass-based organisation. In 1952, the ANC’s membership swelled during the uncharacteristically militant Defiance Campaign of civil disobedience, towards which the ANC had been led by a new generat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African Nationalism
African nationalism is an umbrella term which refers to a group of political ideologies in sub-Saharan Africa, which are based on the idea of national self-determination and the creation of nation states.African nationalism The ideology emerged under European colonial rule during the 19th and 20th centuries and was loosely inspired by nationalist ideas from Europe. Originally, African was based on demands for self-determination and played an important role in forcin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabwe
Kabwe is the capital of the Zambian Central Province and the Kabwe District, with a population estimated at 202,914 at the 2010 census. Named Broken Hill until 1966, it was founded when lead and zinc deposits were discovered in 1902. Kabwe also has a claim to being the birthplace of Zambian politics as it was an important political centre during the colonial period. Kabwe is an important transportation, farming and university centre. Kabwe is becoming a major agricultural hub for the country is the headquarters for Zambia Railways and prison services. Additionally the mining industry has been important to the economic development of the region. However, because of the exceptional contamination of the city with lead and other toxins, and the effects of these on local children's health, a March 2022 report by the UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and the Environment identified the town as a sacrifice zone for industry. History Headquarters of Zambia Railways The first ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Executive Committee Of The African National Congress
The National Executive Committee (NEC) of the African National Congress (ANC) is the party's chief executive organ. It is elected every five years at the party national conference; the executive committee, in turn, elects a National Working Committee for day-to-day decision-making responsibilities. At the NEC's head is the president of the ANC, and it also contains the other so-called "Top Seven" leaders (formerly "Top Six"): the deputy president, chairperson, secretary-general, two deputy secretary-generals and treasurer-general. Composition Members of the NEC must have been paid-up members of the ANC for at least five years prior to nomination, and at least half must be women. The NEC consists of: * The "Top Seven" (president, deputy president, national chairperson, secretary-general, two deputy secretary-generals, and treasurer-general); * Eighty further members; * Ex officio members, comprising two leaders from each of the ANC Women's League, ANC Youth League, ANC Veteran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joe Slovo
Joe Slovo (born Yossel Mashel Slovo; 23 May 1926 – 6 January 1995) was a South African politician, and an opponent of the apartheid system. A Marxist-Leninist, he was a long-time leader and theorist in the South African Communist Party (SACP), a leading member of the African National Congress (ANC), and a commander of the ANC's military wing Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK). A South African citizen from a Jewish-Lithuanian family, Slovo was a delegate to the multiracial Congress of the People of June 1955 which drew up the Freedom Charter. He was imprisoned for six months in 1960, and emerged as a leader of Umkhonto we Sizwe the following year. He lived in exile from 1963 to 1990, conducting operations against the apartheid régime from the United Kingdom, Angola, Mozambique, and Zambia. In 1990 he returned to South Africa, and took part in the negotiations that ended apartheid. He became known for proposing the "sunset clauses" covering the 5 years following a democratic el ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joe Matthews (politician)
Vincent Joseph Gaobakwe Matthews (17 June 1929 – 19 August 2010) was a South African activist and politician. Matthews was the son of Z. K. Matthews, an early leader of the African National Congress (ANC). He was born on 17 June 1929 in the port city of Durban. Matthews completed his primary education at Lovedale Mission Station in the Eastern Cape while his father was a lecturer at the nearby University of Fort Hare. At the age of 15, he joined the African National Congress Youth League in 1944. Matthews matriculated in Johannesburg in 1947 and earned a BA from the University of Fort Hare in 1952 and an LL.B. from the University of London in the United Kingdom in 1956. Both he and his father were charged with treason in 1956 along with 154 other anti-apartheid activists, all of whom including the Matthews, were acquitted. He passed the advocates' admission exam in 1957 and became an attorney of the Supreme Court a year later. In 1960, he set up a practice in Durban before m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ben Turok
Ben Turok (26 June 1927 – 9 December 2019) was an anti-apartheid activist, Economics Professor, convicted criminal and a South African member of parliament as a member of the African National Congress. Biography Turok was born to poor working-class Jewish parents in Byelorussia in 1927, who were radicalized by the secular Jewish socialist Bundist movement; his parents migrated to Libau, Latvia when his father became involved in the Jewish labor movement. Later, seeking safety, Turok's father moved the family to the then Union of South Africa in 1934. He graduated from the University of Cape Town in 1950. Returning to South Africa in 1953, he joined the South African Congress of Democrats and in 1955 became its secretary for the Cape western region, acting as a full-time organizer for the Congress of the People. He was the African representative on the Cape Provincial Council. Turok was the father of Fred Turok, Ivan Turok and Neil Turok, a cosmologist, and founder of the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chris Hani
Chris Hani (28 June 1942 – 10 April 1993), born Martin Thembisile Hani , was the leader of the South African Communist Party and chief of staff of uMkhonto we Sizwe, the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC). He was a fierce opponent of the apartheid government, and was assassinated by Janusz Waluś, a Polish immigrant and sympathiser of the Conservative opposition on 10 April 1993, during the unrest preceding the transition to democracy. Early life Thembisile Hani was born on 28 June 1942 in the Xhosa village in Cofimvaba, Transkei. He was the fifth of six children. He attended Lovedale school in 1957, to finish his last two years. He twice finished two school grades in a single year. When Hani was 12 years old, after hearing his father's explanations about apartheid and the African National Congress, he wished to join the ANC but was still too young to be accepted. In Lovedale school, Hani joined the ANC Youth League when he was 15 years old, even though p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African Communist Party
The South African Communist Party (SACP) is a communist party in South Africa. It was founded in 1921 as the Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA), tactically dissolved itself in 1950 in the face of being declared illegal by the governing National Party under the Suppression of Communism Act, 1950. The Communist Party was reconstituted underground and re-launched as the SACP in 1953, participating in the struggle to end the apartheid system. It is a member of the ruling Tripartite Alliance alongside the African National Congress and the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and through this it influences the South African government. The party's Central Committee is the party's highest decision-making structure. History The Communist Party of South Africa was founded in 1921 by the joining together of the International Socialist League and others under the leadership of Willam H. Andrews. It first came to prominence during the Rand Revolt, a strike by white mine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Conference Of The African National Congress
The National Conference of the African National Congress is a party congress that is held every five years. It elects members to the National Executive Committee, the party's highest decision-making body, as well as the "Top Six" leaders of the National Executive. The next national conference, the ANC's 55th, will be held in December 2022. Timetables Before the ANC was banned by the South African government in 1960, it held annual national congresses. After 1960, however, it held only sporadic consultative conferences abroad. In 1991, after it had been unbanned, the ANC held its first national conference in 32 years in Durban. Thereafter conferences were held every three years, until the 1997 conference in Mafikeng resolved to change the ANC constitution such that national conferences would be held only every five years. List of venues *1949: 38th National Conference, held in Bloemfontein * 1953: 42nd National Conference, held in Queenstown *1954: 43rd National Conference, held ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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