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Morganucodont
Morganucodonta ("Glamorgan teeth") is an extinct order of basal Mammaliaformes, a group including crown-group mammals (Mammalia) and their close relatives. Their remains have been found in Southern Africa, Western Europe, North America, India and China. The morganucodontans were probably insectivorous and nocturnal, though like eutriconodonts some species attained large sizes and were carnivorous. Nocturnality is believed to have evolved in the earliest mammals in the Triassic (called the nocturnal bottleneck) as a specialisation that allowed them to exploit a safer, night-time niche, while most larger predators were likely to have been active during the day (though some dinosaurs, for example, were nocturnal as well). Anatomy and biology Morganucodontans had a double jaw articulation made up of the dentary-squamosal joint as well as a quadrate-articular one. This implies that they also retained one of their postdentary bones: the articular. There is a trough at the back of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mammaliaformes
Mammaliaformes ("mammalian forms") is a clade that contains the crown group mammals and their closest Extinction, extinct relatives; the group adaptive radiation, radiated from earlier probainognathian cynodonts. It is defined as the clade originating from the most recent common ancestor of Morganucodonta and the crown group mammals; the latter is the clade originating with the most recent common ancestor of extant Monotremata, Marsupialia, and Placentalia. Besides Morganucodonta and the crown group mammals, Mammaliaformes includes Docodonta and ''Hadrocodium'' as well as the Triassic ''Tikitherium'', the earliest known member of the group. Mammaliaformes is a term of phylogenetic nomenclature. In contrast, the assignment of organisms to Mammalia has traditionally been founded on traits and, on this basis, Mammalia is slightly more inclusive than Mammaliaformes. In particular, trait-based taxonomy generally includes ''Adelobasileus'' and ''Sinoconodon'' in Mammalia, though they fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megazostrodon
''Megazostrodon'' is an extinct genus of basal mammaliaforms belonging to the order Morganucodonta. It is approximately 200 million years old.Fur and Fangs: Mammal Origins . Palaeobiology and Biodiversity Research Group, University of Bristol. Two species are known: ''M. rudnerae'' from the of and , and ''M. chenali'' from the |
Wareolestes
''Wareolestes rex'' ("Ware's Brigand king") is a mammaliaform from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) rocks of England and Scotland. It was originally known from isolated teeth from England, before a more complete jaw with teeth was found in the Kilmaluag Formation of Skye, Scotland. Etymology ''Wareolestes rex'' was named by Eric Freeman, who named it for Dr. Martin Ware "in recognition of this major contribution" to Freeman's successful work. The second part of the generic name, ''lestes'', comes from the Greek for ''brigand''. The species name ''rex'', Latin for ''king'', is both in recognition of the relatively large size of this Mesozoic mammaliaform, and a pun on the name of Mr E. J. King. Discovery ''Wareolestes rex'' was first found in and named from the Forest Marble Formation of Kirtlington, Oxfordshire, England. The holotype is a single molar tooth, originally described as a lower molar, but later argued to be an upper molar.Hahn G., Sigogneau-Russell D. and Gogefroit P. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morganucodon
''Morganucodon'' (" Glamorgan tooth") is an early mammaliaform genus that lived from the Late Triassic to the Middle Jurassic. It first appeared about 205 million years ago. Unlike many other early mammaliaforms, ''Morganucodon'' is well represented by abundant and well preserved (though in the vast majority of cases disarticulated) material. Most of this comes from Glamorgan in Wales (''Morganucodon watsoni''), but fossils have also been found in Yunnan Province in China (''Morganucodon oehleri'') and various parts of Europe and North America. Some closely related animals (''Megazostrodon'') are known from exquisite fossils from South Africa. The name comes from a Latinization of ''Morganuc'', the name for South Glamorgan in the Domesday Book, the county of Wales where it was discovered by Walter Georg Kühne,Walter G. Kühne, "On a Triconodont tooth of a new pattern from a Fissure-filling in South Glamorgan", ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', volume 119 (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stylidens
''Stylidens'' is an extinct genus of mammaliaforms, possibly belonging to Morganucodonta, that lived in what is now England during the Middle Jurassic. Its type species is ''Stylidens hookeri'', which was named in 2016 by Percy M. Butler and Denise Sigogneau-Russell from an isolated lower molar found at the Forest Marble Formation The Forest Marble is a geological formation in England. Part of the Great Oolite Group, it dates to the late Bathonian stage of the Middle Jurassic.Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Middle Jurassic, Europe)." In: Weisham .... A second molar referable to the genus is also known, which may represent a separate species. Etymology The generic epithet ''Stylidens'' is derived from the Latin words , alluding to the pointed cusps of its molars, and , meaning "tooth". The specific name ''hookeri'' honours the British researcher Jerry Hooker. References Morganucodonts Prehistoric cynodont genera Jurassic synapsids of Europ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinnetherium
''Dinnetherium'' is an extinct genus of morganucodont mammaliaform that is part of the monotypic order Dinnetheria and is also part of the monotypic family Dinnetheriidae.A. O. Averianov and A. V. Lopatin. 2011. Phylogeny of Triconodonts and Symmetrodonts and the Origin of Extant Mammals. Doklady Biological Sciences 436:32-35 The type species, ''D. nezorum'', was named in 1983. It was discovered in a Sinemurian layer of the Kayenta Formation,Sues H.-D., Clark J. M., et al (1994) A review of the Early Jurassic tetrapods from the Glen Canyon Group of the American Southwest., In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs: Early Mesozoic Tetrapods, N. C. Fraser and H.-D. Sues (eds.), Cambridge University Press, 284-294 within the Gold Spring Quarry 1, in Arizona. The holotype A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cherwellia
''Cherwellia'' is an extinct genus of mammaliaforms, possibly belonging to Morganucodonta, that lived in what is now England during the Middle Jurassic. The type and only known species is ''Cherwellia leei''. It was first described in 2016 by Percy M. Butler and Denise Sigogneau-Russell from a single lower molar found at the Kirtlington Quarry of the Forest Marble Formation. Etymology The generic epithet ''Cherwellia'' comes from the River Cherwell The River Cherwell ( or ) is a tributary of the River Thames in central England. It rises near Hellidon, Northamptonshire and flows southwards for to meet the Thames at Oxford in Oxfordshire. The river gives its name to the Cherwell local g ..., whereas the specific epithet ''leei'' honours the British artist A. J. Lee. References Morganucodonts Prehistoric cynodont genera Jurassic synapsids of Europe Bathonian life Jurassic England Fossils of England Fossil taxa described in 2016 Taxa named by Percy M. Butl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cifellilestes
''Cifellilestes'' is a genus of early mammaliaform from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of North America. The type and only species, ''C. ciscoensis'', was named in 2022 by Brian M. Davis and colleagues, and was found in the Cisco Mammal Quarry of Utah. The generic name of the animal is in honor of Richard Cifelli, combined with the Greek word "lestes", which means thief. The specific name refers to Cisco, Utah, a ghost town close in close proximity to the location where the holotype A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of sever ... was found. The genus is known from two specimens, OMNH 80538 & 69352. These specimens represent a right and left skull fragment respectively, both preserving partial palate, snout and postcanine dentition. It belongs to the clade Morganucodonta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indotherium
''Indotherium'' is an extinct genus of mammaliaforms that lived in what is now India during the Early Jurassic. It contains one species, ''I. pranhitai'', which is known from two upper molar teeth found in the Kota Formation of Telangana. When it was first described, it was assigned to the paraphyletic group "Symmetrodonta Symmetrodonta is a group of Mesozoic mammals and mammal-like synapsids characterized by the triangular aspect of the molars when viewed from above, and the absence of a well-developed talonid. The traditional group of 'symmetrodonts' ranges in a ...", but later studies have reinterpreted it as a possible member of the family Morganucodontidae. References Morganucodonts Early Jurassic synapsids Jurassic synapsids of Asia Jurassic India Fossils of India Fossil taxa described in 1984 {{Jurassic-animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Purbeckodon
''Purbeckodon'' is an extinct genus of mammaliaforms, possibly belonging to Morganucodonta, that is known from Early Cretaceous deposits of southeastern Dorset, England. It was collected in the Purbeck Limestone Group of Dorset. It was first named by Percy M. Butler, Denise Sigogneau-Russell and P. C. Ensom in 2011 and the type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ... is ''Purbeckodon batei''. References Morganucodonts Berriasian life Early Cretaceous animals of Europe Early Cretaceous synapsids Cretaceous England Fossils of England Fossil taxa described in 2011 History of Dorset Taxa named by Percy Butler Taxa named by Denise Sigogneau‐Russell Prehistoric cynodont genera {{paleo-therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosierodon
''Rosierodon'' is an extinct genus of morganucodont mammaliaforms from the Late Triassic of France. It contains a single species, ''Rosierodon anceps'', which was named in 2015 based on several isolated lower molariforms discovered in Saint-Nicolas-de-Port Saint-Nicolas-de-Port () is a Communes of France, commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle ''Departments of France, département'' in north-eastern France. The town's basilica, ''Saint-Nicolas, Saint-Nicolas-de-Port, Saint Nicolas'', is a pilgrimage sit .... References Morganucodonts Prehistoric cynodont genera Rhaetian life Late Triassic synapsids of Europe Triassic France Fossils of France Fossil taxa described in 2015 {{Paleo-therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mammal
Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or hair, and three middle ear bones. These characteristics distinguish them from reptiles (including birds) from which they diverged in the Carboniferous, over 300 million years ago. Around 6,400 extant species of mammals have been described divided into 29 orders. The largest orders, in terms of number of species, are the rodents, bats, and Eulipotyphla (hedgehogs, moles, shrews, and others). The next three are the Primates (including humans, apes, monkeys, and others), the Artiodactyla ( cetaceans and even-toed ungulates), and the Carnivora (cats, dogs, seals, and others). In terms of cladistics, which reflects evolutionary history, mammals are the only living members of the Synapsida (synapsids); this clade, together with Saur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
