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Mithaka Language
Mithaka (also ''Midhaga'', ''Mitaka'') is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language in the Barcoo Shire of Western Queensland spoken by the Mitaka people. Classification and dialects Karruwali (Garuwali) and Marulta (Marrulha, Marrula) are counted as dialects per Dixon (2002). Breen thinks Mithaka, Marula, and Marunuda may be the same language but does not know if they are alternative names or distinct dialects of the same language. However, Bowern (2001) states that there is not enough evidence to classify them, or even to establish that they are Karnic languages. References External links Bibliography of Garuwali people and language resources at the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS), established as the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies (AIAS) in 1964, is an independent Australian Government statutory authority. It is a collecting, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queensland
) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_date = Colony of Queensland , established_title2 = Separation from New South Wales , established_date2 = 6 June 1859 , established_title3 = Federation , established_date3 = 1 January 1901 , named_for = Queen Victoria , demonym = , capital = Brisbane , largest_city = capital , coordinates = , admin_center_type = Administration , admin_center = 77 local government areas , leader_title1 = Monarch , leader_name1 = Charles III , leader_title2 = Governor , leader_name2 = Jeannette Young , leader_title3 = Premier , leader_name3 = Annastacia Palaszczuk ( ALP) , legislature = Parliament of Queensland , judiciary = Supreme Court of Queensland , national_representation = Parliament of Australia , national_representation_type ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitaka People
The Mitaka (alternatively Mithaka) were an indigenous Australian people of the state of Queensland. Country In Norman Tindale's calculations, the Mitaka, a Channel Country people around Lake Machattie, are assigned a tribal domain of some from Durrie in the south northwards as far as Glengyle Glengyle distillery is a long-established Scotch whisky production centre in Campbeltown, Argyll & Bute, that closed down in 1925. In 2000 it was totally re-planned as the first new Scottish distillery of the millennium. Its single malts are bot .... Their eastern limits ran close tMonkira while the western frontier was aKalidawarry Alternative names * ''Mithaka'' * ''Mittaka.'' * ''Mittuka.'' * ''Marunga.'' * ''Mit:aka.'' (putatively a Dieri exonym) * ''Marrala/ Marranda'' (language names) * ''Murunuta.'' * ''Midaga.'' Notes Citations Sources * * * * * * * {{authority control Aboriginal peoples of Queensland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pama–Nyungan Languages
The Pama–Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian Aboriginal languages, containing 306 out of 400 Aboriginal languages in Australia. The name "Pama–Nyungan" is a merism: it derived from the two end-points of the range: the Pama languages of northeast Australia (where the word for "man" is ) and the Nyungan languages of southwest Australia (where the word for "man" is ). The other language families indigenous to the continent of Australia are occasionally referred to, by exclusion, as non-Pama–Nyungan languages, though this is not a taxonomic term. The Pama–Nyungan family accounts for most of the geographic spread, most of the Aboriginal population, and the greatest number of languages. Most of the Pama–Nyungan languages are spoken by small ethnic groups of hundreds of speakers or fewer. The vast majority of languages, either due to disease or elimination of their speakers, have become extinct, and almost all remaining ones are endangered in some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karnic Languages
The Karnic languages are a group of languages of the Pama–Nyungan family. According to Dixon (2002), these are three separate families, but Bowern (2001) establishes regular paradigmatic connections among many of the languages, demonstrating them as a genealogical group. Bowern classifies them as follows: *Arabana ( Wangganguru) (Western Karnic; orig. part of Palku) *(node) **Palku (Northern Karnic): Pitta Pitta, Wangka-Yutjurru (Wanggamala) **(node) ***Karna (Central Karnic) **** Yandruwandha ( Yawarawarga) **** Mithaka (in the north); Diyari, Yarluyandi–Ngamini ***Eastern Karnic: Wilson River language (Wangkumara, Bundhamara (Punthamara), Ngandangara/Yarumarra, etc.) Unclassified languages Other languages of the area may be Karnic, but are too poorly attested to be secure. Breen (2007) writes of "Karna– Mari fringe" languages which are "a discontinuous group of languages, mostly poorly attested, scattered between Karnic and Mari languages but not showing much connect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karna Languages
The Karnic languages are a group of languages of the Pama–Nyungan family. According to Dixon (2002), these are three separate families, but Bowern (2001) establishes regular paradigmatic connections among many of the languages, demonstrating them as a genealogical group. Bowern classifies them as follows: *Arabana ( Wangganguru) (Western Karnic; orig. part of Palku) *(node) **Palku (Northern Karnic): Pitta Pitta, Wangka-Yutjurru (Wanggamala) **(node) ***Karna (Central Karnic) **** Yandruwandha ( Yawarawarga) **** Mithaka (in the north); Diyari, Yarluyandi–Ngamini ***Eastern Karnic: Wilson River language (Wangkumara, Bundhamara (Punthamara), Ngandangara/Yarumarra, etc.) Unclassified languages Other languages of the area may be Karnic, but are too poorly attested to be secure. Breen (2007) writes of "Karna– Mari fringe" languages which are "a discontinuous group of languages, mostly poorly attested, scattered between Karnic and Mari languages but not showing much connect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct Language
An extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, especially if the language has no living descendants. In contrast, a dead language is one that is no longer the native language of any community, even if it is still in use, like Latin. A dormant language is a dead language that still serves as a symbol of ethnic identity to a particular group. These languages are often undergoing a process of revitalisation. Languages that currently have living native speakers are sometimes called modern languages to contrast them with dead languages, especially in educational contexts. In the modern period, languages have typically become extinct as a result of the process of cultural assimilation leading to language shift, and the gradual abandonment of a native language in favour of a foreign ''lingua franca'', largely those of European countries. As of the 2000s, a total of roughly 7,000 natively spoken languages existed worldwide. Most of these are minor languages in dang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Aboriginal Languages
The Indigenous languages of Australia number in the hundreds, the precise number being quite uncertain, although there is a range of estimates from a minimum of around 250 (using the technical definition of 'language' as non-mutually intelligible varieties) up to possibly 363. The Indigenous languages of Australia comprise numerous language families and isolates, perhaps as many as 13, spoken by the Indigenous peoples of mainland Australia and a few nearby islands. The relationships between the language families are not clear at present although there are proposals to link some into larger groupings. Despite this uncertainty, the Indigenous Australian languages are collectively covered by the technical term "Australian languages", or the "Australian family". The term can include both Tasmanian languages and the Western Torres Strait language, but the genetic relationship to the mainland Australian languages of the former is unknown, while the latter is Pama–Nyungan, thoug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shire Of Barcoo
The Shire of Barcoo is a local government area in Central West Queensland, Australia. In June 2018, the shire had a population of 267 people. It covers an area of , and has existed as a local government entity since 1887. It is named for the Barcoo River which reaches a confluence with the Thomson River in the shire to form Cooper Creek. The major industry in the shire is beef production and some opal mining. There has been some development of the known oil and gas reserves in the region. History Kuungkari (also known as Kungkari and Koonkerri) is a language of Western Queensland. The Kuungkari language region includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of Longreach Shire Council and Blackall-Tambo Shire Council. The Barcoo Division was created on 24 December 1887 out of the eastern part of the Diamantina Division, and was subject to the ''Divisional Boards Act 1887''. In 1927, the council met at Stonehenge. With the passage of the ''Local Authoriti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Queensland
Western Queensland encompasses the three western regions in the Australian state of Queensland: * North West Queensland, often known as Gulf Country; * Central West Queensland; and * South West Queensland. History Karuwali (also known as ''Garuwali'' or ''Dieri'') is a language of far western Queensland. The Karuwali language region includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of the Diamantina Shire Council, including the localities of Betoota and Haddon Corner. Kuungkari (also known as ''Kungkari'' and ''Koonkerri'') is an Australian Aboriginal language of Western Queensland. The Kuungkari language region includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of Shire of Longreach and Blackall-Tambo Region. Pitta Pitta (also known as ''Bitha Bitha'', ''Pitapita'', and ''Bitta bitta'') is an Australian Aboriginal language of the Western Queensland region. The Pitta Pitta language region includes the landscape within the local government boundarie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Library Of Queensland
The State Library of Queensland is the main reference and research library provided to the people of the State of Queensland, Australia, by the state government. Its legislative basis is provided by the Queensland Libraries Act 1988. It contains a significant portion of Queensland's documentary heritage, major reference and research collections, and is an advocate of and partner with public libraries across Queensland. The library is at Kurilpa Point, within the Queensland Cultural Centre on the Brisbane River at South Bank. History The Brisbane Public Library was established by the government of the Colony of Queensland in 1896, and was renamed the Public Library of Queensland in 1898. The library was opened to the public in 1902. In 1934, the Oxley Memorial Library (now the John Oxley Library), named for the explorer John Oxley, opened as a centre for research and study relating specifically to Queensland. The Libraries Act of 1943 established the Library Board of Queen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karruwali
The Karuwali were an indigenous people of the state of Queensland. Country Norman Tindale estimated that the Karuwali's lands extended over some of territory. This took in the area about Farrars Creek near Connemara southwards to Beetoota, Haddon Corner, and Morney Plains. Their eastern extension went to the Beal range while the western frontier was around Durrie and Monkira on the Diamantina River The Diamantina River is a major river located in Central West Queensland and the far north of South Australia. The river was named by William Landsborough in 1866 for Lady Diamantina Bowen (née Roma), wife of Sir George Bowen, the first Govern .... History of contact The Karuwali have been cited as an Australian instance of the practice of colonial genocide. Alternative names * ''Karawalla'' * ''Gara-wali'' * ''Kurrawulla'' * ''Karorinje'' * ''Kuriwalu'' * ''Goore'' Notes Citations Sources * * {{authority control Aboriginal peoples of Queensland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marulta
The Marulta were an indigenous Australian people of the state of Queensland, Australia. Language The Marulta spoke Marrulha, one of several dialects of a Karnic language, similar to Mithaka. Country The Marulta were a people of Lake Barrolka, with, according to Norman Tindale, an estimated of territory, extending south as far as Lake Yamma Yamma, and west to the Beal Range. Their northeasterly reach ran to the vicinity of Opalville and Cooper Creek The Cooper Creek (formerly Cooper's Creek) is a river in the Australian states of Queensland and South Australia. It was the site of the death of the explorers Burke and Wills in 1861. It is sometimes known as the Barcoo River from one of its t .... Alternative name * ''Marula'' * ''Marunga'' * ''Marrulha'' Notes Citations Sources * * * * * * {{authority control Aboriginal peoples of Queensland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
