|
Midyat Rebellion
The village of Azakh ( syr, ܐܙܟ, Azakh) was one of the few remaining pockets of resistance during the Assyrian genocide that the Ottoman authorities called the "Midyat Rebellion" named after Midyat, the largest Assyrian town in Tur Abdin. Background At the start of the 20th century, the Assyrian village of Azakh had a population of only 1000, and was inhabited by Syriac Orthodox and Syriac Catholic Christians. The mayor of the village was Hanna Makdisi Amno. The conflict began as Kurdish tribes and other local Muslim militias began to raid and destroy small Assyrian villages throughout Tur Abdin throughout the summer of 1915. Most villages were unprepared and fell quickly to the Kurdish raiders. Azakh was surrounded in mid-August. In May 1915 many Assyrian families from surrounding villages as well as some Armenians sought protection from massacres, by July more than a thousand determined defenders had gathered in the village of Azakh. The "Jesus Fedai", was formed and defen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assyrian Genocide
The Sayfo or the Seyfo (; see below), also known as the Assyrian genocide, was the mass slaughter and deportation of Assyrian / Syriac Christians in southeastern Anatolia and Persia's Azerbaijan province by Ottoman forces and some Kurdish tribes during World War I. The Assyrians were divided into mutually antagonistic churches, including the Syriac Orthodox Church, the Church of the East, and the Chaldean Catholic Church. Before World War I, they lived in mountainous and remote areas of the Ottoman Empire (some of which were effectively stateless). The empire's nineteenth-century centralization efforts led to increased violence and danger for the Assyrians. Mass killing of Assyrian civilians began during the Ottoman occupation of Azerbaijan from January to May 1915, during which massacres were committed by Ottoman forces and pro-Ottoman Kurds. In Bitlis province, Ottoman troops returning from Persia joined local Kurdish tribes to massacre the local Christian population ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enver Pasha
İsmail Enver, better known as Enver Pasha ( ota, اسماعیل انور پاشا; tr, İsmail Enver Paşa; 22 November 1881 – 4 August 1922) was an Ottoman military officer, revolutionary, and convicted war criminal who formed one-third of the dictatorial triumvirate known as the "Three Pashas" (along with Talaat Pasha and Cemal Pasha) in the Ottoman Empire. Enver was a member of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), a Young Turk organization that agitated against Abdul Hamid II's absolute rule. He was a leader of the 1908 Young Turk Revolution which reestablished the Constitution and parliamentary democracy in the Ottoman Empire, and along with Ahmed Niyazi was hailed as "hero of the revolution". However multiple crises in the Empire including the 31 March Incident, the Balkan Wars, and the power struggle with the Freedom and Accord Party made Enver and the Unionists disillusioned of political pluralism. After the 1913 Ottoman coup d’état that brought t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ömer Naci Bey
Omar/Umar ( ar, عمر) is a masculine given name that has different origins in three languages across the world (Arabic, Hebrew and Germanic) even though it is best known as an Arabic name and the name Omar was mentioned in the Old Testament. Omar is represented in Islamic traditions. The name means "flourishing, long lived". After the emergence and military success of Islam, which was partly due to the second caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (also spelled Omar, ), Umar or Omar became a common name in Muslim Arab and Muslim populations in general. The name is also used in Spanish-speaking countries. There was a biblical figure by the name of Omar. In the Middle Ages, there was a large population of Jews and Muslims in Spain, therefore the name could have spread because of this. The name Omar (spelled as Ómar) is also popular as a man's name in Iceland, and to a much lesser extent in Nordic countries. The name can also be a variant of Ottomar or Othmar, a Germanic name consi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
İzbırak, Midyat
İzbırak ( ar, زاز, Zaz; syr, ܙܰܐܙ, Zāz) is a neighbourhood in Mardin Province in southeastern Turkey. It is part of the municipality Midyat. It is located in the Midyat District and the historical region of Tur Abdin. In the village, there are churches of Mor Dimet and Mort Shmuni. There is also the ruins of the church of Mor Gabriel. The village is populated by Assyrians and by Kurds of the Elîkan tribe had a population of 32 in 2021. History Zaz is identified as the settlement of Zazabukha, where the Assyrian king Ashurnasirpal II made camp whilst on campaign against Nairi and received tribute from Khabkhi in 879 BC. Arches on the north side of the church of Mor Dimet suggest pre-Christian buildings originally stood on the site. The church of Mor Dimet was constructed by 932, from which year a funerary inscription survives. A copy of the Syriac diptychs ( syr, Sphar Ḥaye, "Book of Life") written in the village in the early 16th century was found in 1909, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dargeçit
Dargeçit ( ku, Kerboran) is a town and seat of the Dargeçit District of Mardin Province in Turkey. The town is principally populated by Kurds of the Erebiyan tribe and had a population of 14,976 in 2021. Neighborhoods The town is divided into the four neighborhoods of Bahçebaşı, Safa, Saray and Tepebaşı. History In the nineteenth century, all the urban sttlements in this zone, including Midyat and Kerboran, as well as Mardin and a lot of villages around them and in the Tur Abdin Tur Abdin ( syr, ܛܽܘܪ ܥܰܒ݂ܕܺܝܢ or ܛܘܼܪ ܥܲܒ݂ܕܝܼܢ, Ṭūr ʿAḇdīn) is a hilly region situated in southeast Turkey, including the eastern half of the Mardin Province, and Şırnak Province west of the Tigris, on the borde ... area were Syriac Orthodox. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Dargecit Tur Abdin Assyrian communities in Turkey Populated places in Mardin Province Kurdish settlements in Turkey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anıtlı, Midyat
Anıtlı ( ar, حاح; ) is a village in the Midyat District of Mardin Province in Turkey. It is located in the historical region of Tur Abdin. In the village, there are churches of Mor Sobo and of Yoldath Aloho. History Ḥāḥ (today called Anıtlı) is identified as the settlement of Khabkhi. The Assyrian king Ashurnasirpal II extracted tribute of cattle, sheep, wine, cooking-pots, tubs, and bronze armour from the land of Khabkhi during his campaign against Nairi in 879 BC. Zazabukha was located in the territory of Khabkhi. The Syriac Orthodox patriarch and historian Michael the Syrian named Iyawannis Musa, bishop of Ḥāḥ, as a former student of the Mor Hananyo Monastery in his ''Chronicle''. Sarjis Qar'uni was metropolitan bishop of Ḥāḥ from 1484 to his death in 1508. The mayor of Ḥāḥ was assassinated by Islamic extremists on 29 November 1993. Demography The village had a population of 148 in 2021. It is populated by Assyrians who belong to the Syriac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bülbül, Yeşilli
Bülbül () is a village in the Yeşilli District of Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Assyrians and had a population of 67 in 2021. The Mor Hananyo Monastery Mor Hananyo Monastery ( tr, Deyrüzzaferân Manastırı, syr, ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܚܢܢܝܐ; ''Monastery of Saint Ananias'') is an important Syriac Orthodox monastery located three kilometers south east of Mardin, Turkey, in the Syriac cultural re ... is located close to the village. References {{Yeşilli District Villages in Yeşilli District Assyrian communities in Turkey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haberli, İdil
Haberli (, ) is a village in the İdil District of Şırnak Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Assyrians and had a population of 179 in 2021. Information Haberli is an Assyrian Syriac Orthodox village of thirty clans who historically was under the patronage of Kurds of the Salihan tribe. Most of the population migrated to Germany after Sayfo and only 25 households remained by 2016. Some families consider themselves members of the Salihan tribe. There were 900 speakers of Turoyo Turoyo ( syr, ܛܘܪܝܐ) (''Ṭūr ‘Abdinian Aramaic''), also referred to as modern Surayt ( syr, ܣܘܪܝܬ), or modern Suryoyo ( syr, ܣܘܪܝܝܐ), is a Central Neo-Aramaic language traditionally spoken in the Tur Abdin region in southeas ... in the village in 1984. References {{İdil District Villages in İdil District Assyrian communities in Turkey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defence Of Iwardo
The Defence of Iwardo ( syr, ܥܝܢ ܘܪܕܐ - ''Iwardo'' or ''In wardo'', ''Ayin Warda'', ''Ain Wardo'') was a military engagement between Ottoman authorities and Assyrian defenders led by Gallo Shabo in 1915, during the Assyrian genocide. The pockets of resistance during the Assyrian genocide was named "Midyat Rebellion" after Midyat, the largest Assyrian town in Tur Abdin by the Ottoman authorities. Background Prior to the start of World War I, the village of Gülgöze had about 200 families, all of whom were ethnic Assyrians who belonged to the Syriac Orthodox Church. During the Assyrian genocide, thousands of refugees from throughout Tur Abdin arrived there for safety. Refugees arrived from villages including Habasnos, Midyat, Bote, Keferze, Kafro Eloyto, Mzizah and Urnas. Even refugees from outside Tur Abdin arrived, coming from villages such as Deqlath, Bscheriye, Gozarto, Hesno d Kifo and Mifarqin. Between 6000 and 7000 Assyrians were gathered in the village. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diyarbekir Vilayet
The Vilayet of Diyâr-ı Bekr (, ota, ولايت ديار بكر, ) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, wholly located within what is now modern Turkey. The vilayet extended south from Palu on the Euphrates to Mardin and Nusaybin on the edge of the Mesopotamian plain. After the establishment of Republic of Turkey in 1923, the region was incorporated into the newly created state. At the beginning of the 20th century, Diyarbekir Vilayet reportedly had an area of , while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) gave the population as 471,462.Asia by , page 460 The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theobald Von Bethmann Hollweg
Theobald Theodor Friedrich Alfred von Bethmann Hollweg (29 November 1856 – 1 January 1921) was a German politician who was the chancellor of the German Empire from 1909 to 1917. He oversaw the German entry into World War I. According to biographer Konrad H. Jarausch, a primary concern for Bethmann in July 1914 was the steady growth of Russian power, and the growing closeness of the British and French military collaboration. Under these circumstances he decided to run what he considered a calculated risk to back Austria-Hungary in a local war against Serbia, while risking a major war with Russia. He calculated that France would not support Russia. This calculation proved to be mistaken when Russia decided on general mobilization. The German army saw an opportunity to use the Schlieffen Plan for a quick victory against a poorly prepared France. By rushing through Belgium, however, Germany expanded the war to include the United Kingdom. Bethmann Hollweg thus failed to keep France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Von Neurath
Konstantin Hermann Karl Freiherr von Neurath (2 February 1873 – 14 August 1956) was a German diplomat and Nazi war criminal who served as Foreign Minister of Germany between 1932 and 1938. Born to a Swabian noble family, Neurath began his diplomatic career in 1901. He fought in World War I and was awarded the Iron Cross for his service. After the war, Neurath served as minister to Denmark, ambassador to Italy and ambassador to Britain. In 1932, he was appointed Foreign Minister by Chancellor Franz von Papen, and he continued to hold the post under Adolf Hitler. In the early years of the Nazi regime, Neurath was regarded as playing a key role in Hitler's foreign policy pursuits in undermining the Treaty of Versailles and in territorial expansion in the prelude to World War II. However, he was often averse to Hitler's aims for tactical, not necessarily ideological, reasons. That aversion eventually induced Hitler to replace Neurath in 1938 with the more compliant Joachim von ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Theobald Von Bethmann Hollweg")
