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Michigan Smelter
The Michigan Smelter was a copper smelter located at Cole's Creek on the Keweenaw Waterway north-west of Houghton, Michigan near the old Atlantic mill. The smelter was created in 1903-4 as a joint effort between the Copper Range Company and Stanton group of mines. An Atlantic dam on the site was reused by the smelter as a water source.Stevens, Horace. ''The Copper Handbook'' Volume 6. 1906. Pages 683--684Google books/ref> In 1905, the smelter broke a world record by casting 292,000 pounds of fine copper in seven hours with a single furnace and only ten men. The smelter operated through World War II and stopped all operations in 1948. The smelter was designed by Frank Klepetko and was the most modern plant in the district. The nearby hillside was used improve its efficiency of its operation.Lankton, Larry. ''Hollowed ground: copper mining and community building on Lake Superior'' 201Google bookspage 149. The smelter had a capacity of 90 million pounds annually and was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copper Smelting
Smelting is a process of applying heat to ore, to extract a base metal. It is a form of extractive metallurgy. It is used to extract many metals from their ores, including silver, iron, copper, and other base metals. Smelting uses heat and a chemical reducing agent to decompose the ore, driving off other elements as gases or slag and leaving the metal base behind. The reducing agent is commonly a fossil fuel source of carbon, such as coke—or, in earlier times, charcoal. The oxygen in the ore binds to carbon at high temperatures due to the lower potential energy of the bonds in carbon dioxide (). Smelting most prominently takes place in a blast furnace to produce pig iron, which is converted into steel. The carbon source acts as a chemical reactant to remove oxygen from the ore, yielding the purified metal element as a product. The carbon source is oxidized in two stages. First, the carbon (C) combusts with oxygen (O2) in the air to produce carbon monoxide (CO). Second ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michigan Mine
Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and the largest by area east of the Mississippi River.''i.e.'', including water that is part of state territory. Georgia is the largest state by land area alone east of the Mississippi and Michigan the second-largest. Its capital is Lansing, and its largest city is Detroit. Metro Detroit is among the nation's most populous and largest metropolitan economies. Its name derives from a gallicized variant of the original Ojibwe word (), meaning "large water" or "large lake". Michigan consists of two peninsulas. The Lower Peninsula resembles the shape of a mitten, and comprises a majority of the state's land area. The Upper Peninsula (often called "the U.P.") is separated from the Lower Peninsula by the Straits of Mackinac, a channel that joins L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Copper Country Mines
{{Short description, none Many copper mines have existed in the Copper Country of the U.S. state of Michigan. These include both large-scale commercial ventures and small operations. There are hundreds of ancient mining pits in and around the Copper Country area, especially on Isle Royale (several of these were developed). Numerous small modern diggings exist around the area as well, including some around Fort Wilkins and the Copper Harbor Light. Mines * 543-S - near Gratiot Lake, Keweenaw County * 543-S Deposit - near Deer Lake, Keweenaw County * Adventure mine - Greenland * Aetna Exploration Copper mine - Keweenaw County * Aetna mine - Keweenaw County * Agate Harbor mine - Agate Harbor, Keweenaw County * Agency mine - Keweenaw County * Ahmeek mine - Ahmeek, Keweenaw County * Albion mine (originally the Manhattan Mine) - Keweenaw County * Algomah mine - Mass City, Ontonagon County * Allouez mine - Allouez, Keweenaw County * American Mining, Exploring, & Manufacturing Company ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Copper Country Mills
The following is an incomplete list of stamping mills in the Copper Country of Michigan. * Ahmeek mill - In Hubbell, Houghton County, Michigan * Allouez mill * Atlantic mill - Near the Redridge Steel Dam in Redridge, Michigan * Baltic mill - Near the Redridge Steel Dam in Redridge, Michigan * Calumet and Hecla Mills - In Lake Linden, Houghton County, Michigan * Carp mill * Centennial mill * Central mill - Four miles east of Phoenix, Michigan * Champion mill - In Freda, Michigan * Clark mill * Cliff mill - Clifton, Michigan * Copper Falls mill - Southwest of Eagle Harbor, Michigan * Delaware mill - Delaware, Michigan * Dodgeville mill and pits - Dodgeville, Michigan * Humboldt mill - In Champion, Michigan. Planned to be used as a part of the new Eagle mine project * Huron mill * Isle Royale mill - Two miles east of Houghton, Michigan * Mohawk mill - In Gay, Michigan * Nonesuch mill * Phoenix mill * Quincy Mining Company Stamp Mills Historic District - Near Mason, Houg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Copper Country Smelters
There were seven copper smelters built in the Copper Country in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan: * Calumet and Hecla smelter - Operated by Calumet and Hecla Mining Company and located north of Hubbell on the shore of Torch Lake * Detroit and Lake Superior Smelter - Near Hancock * Lac La Belle Smelter - In Lac La Belle - Structure was completed, but no furnaces were ever installed. Later was converted by the Keweenaw Central Railroad to a locomotive shop. * Michigan Smelter - Located west of Houghton near Cole's Creek on the Keweenaw waterway. * Quincy Smelter - Located east of Hancock in Ripley on the Keweenaw Waterway * Tamarack/Osceola Smelter - In Dollar Bay * White Pine mine smelter - Was mostly closed in 1982 but continued to process copper and scrap material until 1984U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ''Site Visit Report: Copper Range Company, White Pine Mine''.Document at epa.gov Pages 4-2--4-3. See also * Copper mining in Michigan * List of Copper Country ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copper Mining In Michigan
Copper mining in Michigan became an important industry in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Its rise marked the start of copper mining as a major industry in the United States. Geology Within the state of Michigan, copper is found almost exclusively in the western portion of the Upper Peninsula, in an area known as the Copper Country. The Copper Country is highly unusual among copper-mining districts, because copper is predominantly found in the form of pure copper metal (''native copper'') rather than the copper oxides or copper sulfides that form the copper ore at almost every other copper-mining district. The copper deposits occur in rocks of Precambrian age, in a thick sequence of northwest-dipping sandstones, conglomerates, ash beds, and flood basalts associated with the Keweenawan Rift. The native copper deposits originate in fissures, steeply dipping veins or in the amygdaloid top portion of the Portage Lake Lava Series lava tops and conglomerate beds. This serie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slag
Slag is a by-product of smelting (pyrometallurgical) ores and used metals. Broadly, it can be classified as ferrous (by-products of processing iron and steel), ferroalloy (by-product of ferroalloy production) or non-ferrous/base metals (by-products of recovering non-ferrous materials like copper, nickel, zinc and phosphorus). Within these general categories, slags can be further categorized by their precursor and processing conditions (e.g., Blast furnace (BF) slags, air-cooled blast furnace (ACBF) slag, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, and electric arc furnace (EAF) slag) . Due to the large demand for these materials, slag production has also significantly increased throughout the years despite recycling (most notably in the iron and steelmaking industries) and upcycling efforts. The World Steel Association (WSA) estimates that 600 kg of by-products (~90 wt% is slags) are generated per tonne of steel produced. Composition Slag is usually a mixture of metal oxides and sili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water-tube Boilers
A high pressure watertube boiler (also spelled water-tube and water tube) is a type of boiler in which water circulates in tubes heated externally by the fire. Fuel is burned inside the furnace, creating hot gas which boils water in the steam-generating tubes. In smaller boilers, additional generating tubes are separate in the furnace, while larger utility boilers rely on the water-filled tubes that make up the walls of the furnace to generate steam. The heated water/steam mixture then rises into the steam drum. Here, saturated steam is drawn off the top of the drum. In some services, the steam passes through tubes in the hot gas path, (a superheater) to become superheated. Superheated steam is defined as steam that is heated above the boiling point at a given pressure. Superheated steam is a dry gas and therefore is typically used to drive turbines, since water droplets can severely damage turbine blades. Saturated water at the bottom of the steam drum returns to the lower drum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reverberatory Furnace
A reverberatory furnace is a metallurgical or process furnace that isolates the material being processed from contact with the fuel, but not from contact with combustion gases. The term ''reverberation'' is used here in a generic sense of ''rebounding'' or '' reflecting'', not in the acoustic sense of ''echoing''. Operation Chemistry determines the optimum relationship between the fuel and the material, among other variables. The reverberatory furnace can be contrasted on the one hand with the blast furnace, in which fuel and material are mixed in a single chamber, and, on the other hand, with crucible, muffling, or retort furnaces, in which the subject material is isolated from the fuel and all of the products of combustion including gases and flying ash. There are, however, a great many furnace designs, and the terminology of metallurgy has not been very consistently defined, so it is difficult to categorically contradict other views. Applications and comparison with b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanborn Fire Insurance Map From Houghton, Houghton County, Michigan
Sanborn may refer to: Places In the United States: *Sanborn, California * Sanborn, Iowa *Sanborn, Minnesota *Sanborn, Nebraska * Sanborn, New York *Sanborn, North Dakota *Sanborn, Ashland County, Wisconsin, a town *Sanborn (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community *Sanborn County, South Dakota * Lake Sanborn, a lake in Minnesota *Sanborn Township, Michigan Other uses * Sanborn (surname) *Sanborn maps, maps of U.S. cities and towns in the 19th and 20th centuries, published by The Sanborn Map Company *Grupo Sanborns Grupo Sanborns is a retailing arm of the Carlos Slim-run Grupo Carso that includes the namesake Sanborns chain, Mixup music stores, iShop electronics stores, Saks Fifth Avenue and Sears department stores in Mexico, and other formats. The name ..., a large restaurant chain in Mexico, owned by business magnate Carlos Slim Helú See also * Sandbourne {{disambiguation, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolverine Mine
The wolverine (), (''Gulo gulo''; ''Gulo'' is Latin for " glutton"), also referred to as the glutton, carcajou, or quickhatch (from East Cree, ''kwiihkwahaacheew''), is the largest land-dwelling species of the family Mustelidae. It is a muscular carnivore and a solitary animal. The wolverine has a reputation for ferocity and strength out of proportion to its size, with the documented ability to kill prey many times larger than itself. The wolverine is found primarily in remote reaches of the Northern boreal forests and subarctic and alpine tundra of the Northern Hemisphere, with the greatest numbers in Northern Canada, the U.S. state of Alaska, the mainland Nordic countries of Europe, and throughout western Russia and Siberia. Its population has steadily declined since the 19th century owing to trapping, range reduction and habitat fragmentation. The wolverine is now essentially absent from the southern end of its range in both Europe and North America. Taxonomy Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohawk Mine
The Mohawk Mining Company was a major copper mining company, based in the Keweenaw Peninsula of Michigan, that was established in November 1898 and lasted until 1932. The company, between 1906 and 1932, paid out more than $15 million in shareholder dividends.Clarke. The Mine is best known for the large amounts of mohawkite that were found on the property. The Mohawk mine operated until 1932; in 1934 it was purchased by the Copper Range Company. History Establishment The property was originally considered too far east to contain valuable ore deposits. It was first considered a mining location in 1896, after lumberman Ernest Koch first discovered copper there. The company was later established in November 1898, after Joseph E. Gay had conducted a successful exploration for copper on the property earlier that year. When established, John Stanton was president. Stocks were offered at a price $7.50, and by the end of 1899 there were five hundred and ninety four (594) individual stock ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
