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Mesomycetozoea
The Mesomycetozoea (or DRIP clade, or Ichthyosporea) are a small group of Opisthokonta in Eukaryota (formerly protists), mostly parasites of fish and other animals. Significance They are not particularly distinctive morphologically, appearing in host tissues as enlarged spheres or ovals containing spores, and most were originally classified in various groups as fungi, protozoa, or colorless algae. However, they form a coherent group on molecular trees, closely related to both animals and fungi and so of interest to biologists studying their origins. In a 2008 study they emerge robustly as the sibling-group of the clade Filozoa, which includes the animals. Huldtgren et al., following x-ray tomography of microfossils of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, has interpreted them as mesomycetozoan spore capsules. Terminology The name DRIP is an acronym for the first protozoa identified as members of the group, Cavalier-Smith later treated them as the class Ichthyosporea, since they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ichthyosporea
The Mesomycetozoea (or DRIP clade, or Ichthyosporea) are a small group of Opisthokonta in Eukaryote, Eukaryota (formerly protists), mostly parasites of fish and other animals. Significance They are not particularly distinctive morphologically, appearing in host tissues as enlarged spheres or ovals containing spores, and most were originally classified in various groups as fungi, protozoa, or colorless algae. However, they form a coherent group on molecular trees, closely related to both animals and fungus, fungi and so of interest to biologists studying their origins. In a 2008 study they emerge robustly as the sibling-group of the clade Filozoa, which includes the animals. Huldtgren et al., following x-ray tomography of microfossils of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, has interpreted them as mesomycetozoan spore capsules. Terminology The name DRIP is an acronym for the first protozoa identified as members of the group, Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Cavalier-Smith later treated the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhinosporidium Seeberi
''Rhinosporidium seeberi'' is a eukaryotic pathogen responsible for rhinosporidiosis, a disease which affects humans, horses, dogs, and to a lesser extent cattle, cats, foxes, and birds. It is most commonly found in tropical areas, especially India and Sri Lanka. The pathogen was first identified in 1892, and was comprehensively described in 1900 by Seeber. Many aspects of the disease and of the pathogen ''Rhinosporidium seeberi'' remain problematic and enigmatic. These include the pathogen’s natural habitat, some aspects of its ‘lifecycle’, its immunology, some aspects of the epidemiology of the disease in humans and in animals, the reasons for the delay at ''in vitro'' culture, and establishment of disease in experimental animals, hence paucity of information on its sensitivity to drugs, and the immunology of the pathogen. Thankamani isolated an organism believed to be ''R. seeberi'' and gave the name "UMH.48." It was originally isolated from the biopsies and nasal swab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amoebidiales
Amoebidiidae is a family of single-celled eukaryotes, previously thought to be zygomycete fungi belonging to the clasTrichomycetes but molecular phylogenetic analysesBenny, G. L., and O'Donnell, K. 2000. ''Amoebidium parasiticum'' is a protozoan, not a Trichomycete. ''Mycologia'' 92: 1133-1137.Ustinova, I, Krienitz, L., and Huss, V. A. R. 2000. ''Hyaloraphidium curvatum'' is not a green alga, but a lower fungus; ''Amoebidium parasiticum'' is not a fungus, but a member of the DRIPS. ''Protist'' 151: 253-262.Cafaro, M. 2005. Eccrinales (Trichomycetes) are not fungi, but a clade of protists at the early divergence of animals and fungi. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35: 21-34. place the family with the opisthokont group MesomycetozoeaMendoza L, Taylor JW, Ajello L (October 2002)"The class mesomycetozoea: a heterogeneous group of microorganisms at the animal-fungal boundary" ''Annu. Rev. Microbiol''. 56: 315–44. doi: 10.1146/annurev.micro.56.012302.160950 (= Ichthyospore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dermocystida
Dermocystida is an order of parasitic eukaryotes. Taxonomy * Family Rhinosporidiaceae Mendoza et al. 2001 ** Genus '' Amphibiocystidium'' Pascolini et al. 2003 ** Genus '' Chromosphaera'' Grau-Bové et al. 2017 ** Genus '' Dermocystidium'' Pérez 1908 'Amphibiothecum'' Feldman, Wimsatt & Green, 2005; ''Dermocystis">Amphibiothecum.html" ;"title="'Amphibiothecum">'Amphibiothecum'' Feldman, Wimsatt & Green, 2005; ''Dermocystis'' Pérez 1907 non] ** Genus ''Dermosporidium'' Carini 1940 ** Genus ''Dermotheca'' ** Genus ''Rhinosporidium'' Minchin & Fantham 1905 ** Genus ''Sphaerothecum'' Arkush et al. 2003 (Rosette agent) ** Genus '' Valentines_(genus), Valentines'' Borteiro et al. 2018 References Mesomycetozoea Parasitic opisthokonts Opisthokont orders {{Holozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opisthokont
The opisthokonts () are a broad group of eukaryotes, including both the animal and fungus kingdoms. The opisthokonts, previously called the "Fungi/Metazoa group", are generally recognized as a clade. Opisthokonts together with Apusomonadida and Breviata comprise the larger clade Obazoa. Flagella and other characteristics A common characteristic of opisthokonts is that flagellate cells, such as the sperm of most animals and the spores of the chytrid fungi, propel themselves with a single ''posterior'' flagellum. It is this feature that gives the group its name. In contrast, flagellate cells in other eukaryote groups propel themselves with one or more ''anterior'' flagella. However, in some opisthokont groups, including most of the fungi, flagellate cells have been lost. Opisthokont characteristics include synthesis of extracellular chitin in exoskeleton, cyst/spore wall, or cell wall of filamentous growth and hyphae; the extracellular digestion of substrates with osmotrophic a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dermocystidium
''Dermocystidium'' is a genus of cyst-forming, parasitic eukaryotes of fish, which are the causative agents of dermocystidiosis. Taxonomic History The genus ''Dermocystidium'' was described in 1907. It was previously thought to be a genus of fungal parasites, related to the Thraustochytrida and Labyrinthulida (both those groups are now considered to be stramenopiles rather than fungi). Other biologists considered it to be a sporozoan protist. It was subsequently identified as one of a group of fish parasites (the "DRIP clade") of previously uncertain affiliation, which were later identified as nonanimal, nonfungal opisthokonts, and renamed as Ichthyosporea, and after expansion as Mesomycetozoa. Parasites of crustacea (''Dermocystidium daphniae'') and molluscs (''Dermocystidium marimum'') placed in this genus have been found to be stramenopiles and reclassified as '' Lymphocystidium daphniae'' and ''Perkinsus marinus ''Perkinsus marinus'' is a species of alveolates belonging ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eccrinales
Eccrinales are an order of eukaryotes, previously thought to be zygomycete fungi belonging to the class Trichomycetes, but now considered to be members of the opisthokont The opisthokonts () are a broad group of eukaryotes, including both the animal and fungus kingdoms. The opisthokonts, previously called the "Fungi/Metazoa group", are generally recognized as a clade. Opisthokonts together with Apusomonadida and ... group Mesomycetozoea. Taxonomy * Order: Eccrinales ** Family: Eccrinaceae ** Family: Palavasciaceae ** Family: Parataeniellaceae References Mesomycetozoea Opisthokont orders {{Holozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Ancestor's Tale
''The Ancestor's Tale: A Pilgrimage to the Dawn of Life'' is a science book by Richard Dawkins and Yan Wong on the subject of evolution, which follows the path of humans backwards through evolutionary history, describing some of humanity's cousins as they converge on their common ancestors. The book was first published in 2004 and substantially updated in 2016. It was nominated for the 2005 Aventis Prize for Science Books. Synopsis The book takes a different path backwards through evolution and meets different groupings of organisms. The authors use backward chronology instead of a forward chronology as a way of celebrating the unity of life. In a backward chronology, the ancestors of any set of species must eventually meet at a particular moment. The last common ancestor is the one that they all share which the authors call a "concestor". The oldest concestor is the ancestor of all surviving life forms on this planet. The evidence for this is that all organisms share the sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ichthyophonida
Ichthyophonida is an order of parasitic eukaryotes. Taxonomy Members of Ichthyophonida include: * Amoebidiaceae **'' Amoebidium'' ***'' Amoebidium appalachense'' ***'' Amoebidium parasiticum'' * Paramoebidiidae **'' Paramoebidium'' ***'' Paramoebidium avitruviense'' ***'' Paramoebidium corpulentum'' ***'' Paramoebidium curvum'' ***'' Paramoebidium ecdyonuridae'' ***'' Paramoebidium hamatum'' ***'' Paramoebidium stipula'' *Ichthyophonida incertae sedis **'' Anurofeca'' ***'' Anurofeca richardsi'' **'' Creolimax'' ***'' Creolimax fragrantissima'' **'' Ichthyophonus'' ***'' Ichthyophonus hoferi'' ***'' Ichthyophonus irregularis'' ***'' Ichthyophonus'' sp. ex ''Theragra chalcogramma'' **'' Pseudoperkinsus'' ***'' Pseudoperkinsus tapetii'' - a parasite of clam Clam is a common name for several kinds of bivalve molluscs. The word is often applied only to those that are edible and live as infauna, spending most of their lives halfway buried in the sand of the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphaerothecum Destruens
''Sphaerothecum destruens'' (the rosette agent) is a parasite of fish. It was first discovered in the United States in association with invasive species including topmouth gudgeon, but was found to be the causative agent of a disease in the UK affecting salmonid species such as Atlantic salmon and brown trout. It is thought to pose more of a risk in Europe than in the US, as native species there are more susceptible to the parasite. The disease causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in a number of different salmonid species and can also infect other UK freshwater fish such as bream, carp, and roach. The genus ''Sphaerothecum'' is closely related to the genera ''Dermocystidium ''Dermocystidium'' is a genus of cyst-forming, parasitic eukaryotes of fish, which are the causative agents of dermocystidiosis. Taxonomic History The genus ''Dermocystidium'' was described in 1907. It was previously thought to be a genus of fu ...'' and '' Rhinosporidium''. References Fish di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ichthyophonus
''Ichthyophonus'' is a genus of unicellular eukaryotic parasites of fish. They were once considered to be fungi, but phylogenetic evidence suggests they are protists related to both fungi and animal Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motilit ...s. Species * '' Ichthyophonus gasterophilus'' (Caullery & Mesnil 1905) Sprague 1965 * '' Ichthyophonus hoferi'' Plehn & Mulsow 1911 * '' Ichthyophonus intestinalis'' Léger & Hesse 1923 * '' Ichthyophonus irregularis'' Rand et al. 2000 * '' Ichthyophonus lotae'' Leger 1925 References Mesomycetozoea Parasitic opisthokonts Parasites of fish Eukaryote genera {{Holozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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