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Meroterpenes
A meroterpene (or merterpenoid) is a chemical compound having a partial terpenoid structure. Examples Terpenophenolics Terpenophenolics are compounds that are part terpenes, part natural phenols. Plants in the genus '' Humulus'' and '' Cannabis'' produce terpenophenolic metabolites. Examples of terpenophenolics are: * Bakuchiol * Ferruginol * Mutisianthol Mutisianthol is a sesquiterpene Sesquiterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of three isoprene units and often have the molecular formula C15H24. Like monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes may be cyclic or contain rings, including many unique com ... * Totarol Terpenophenolics can also be isolated from animals. The terpenophenolics methoxyconidiol, epiconicol and didehydroconicol, isolated from the ascidian '' Aplidium aff. densum'', show antiproliferative activity. References {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terpenoid
The terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a class of naturally occurring organic chemicals derived from the 5-carbon compound isoprene and its derivatives called terpenes, diterpenes, etc. While sometimes used interchangeably with "terpenes", terpenoids contain additional functional groups, usually containing oxygen. When combined with the hydrocarbon terpenes, terpenoids comprise about 80,000 compounds. They are the largest class of plant secondary metabolites, representing about 60% of known natural products. Many terpenoids have substantial pharmacological bioactivity and are therefore of interest to medicinal chemists. Plant terpenoids are used for their aromatic qualities and play a role in traditional herbal remedies. Terpenoids contribute to the scent of eucalyptus, the flavors of cinnamon, cloves, and ginger, the yellow color in sunflowers, and the red color in tomatoes. Well-known terpenoids include citral, menthol, camphor, salvinorin A in the plant '' Salvia di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Phenol
In biochemistry, naturally occurring phenols are natural products containing at least one phenol functional group. Phenolic compounds are produced by plants and microorganisms. Organisms sometimes synthesize phenolic compounds in response to ecological pressures such as pathogen and insect attack, UV radiation and wounding. As they are present in food consumed in human diets and in plants used in traditional medicine of several cultures, their role in human health and disease is a subject of research. Some phenols are germicidal and are used in formulating disinfectants. Classification Various classification schemes can be applied. A commonly used scheme is based on the number of carbons and was devised by Jeffrey Harborne and Simmonds in 1964 and published in 1980: C6-C7-C6 Diarylheptanoids are not included in this Harborne classification. They can also be classified on the basis of their number of phenol groups. They can therefore be called ''simple phenols'' or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humulus
''Humulus'', hop, is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. The hop is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Hops are the female flowers (seed cones, strobiles) of the hop species '' H. lupulus''; as a main flavor and aroma ingredient in many beer styles, ''H. lupulus'' is widely cultivated for use by the brewing industry. Description Although frequently referred to in American literature as the hops "vine", it is technically a bine; unlike vines, which use tendrils, suckers, and other appendages for attaching themselves, bines have stout stems with stiff hairs to aid in climbing. In British literature the term “vine” is generally reserved for the grape genus ''Vitis''. ''Humulus'' is described as a twining perennial herbaceous plant which sends up new shoots in early spring and dies back to the cold-hardy rhizome in autumn. Hop shoots grow very rapidly, and at the peak of growth can grow per week. Hop bines climb by wrapping clockwise ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannabis
''Cannabis'' () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. The number of species within the genus is disputed. Three species may be recognized: ''Cannabis sativa'', '' C. indica'', and '' C. ruderalis''. Alternatively, ''C. ruderalis'' may be included within ''C. sativa'', all three may be treated as subspecies of ''C. sativa'', or ''C. sativa'' may be accepted as a single undivided species. The genus is widely accepted as being indigenous to and originating from Asia. The plant is also known as hemp, although this term is often used to refer only to varieties of ''Cannabis'' cultivated for non-drug use. Cannabis has long been used for hemp fibre, hemp seeds and their oils, hemp leaves for use as vegetables and as juice, medicinal purposes, and as a recreational drug. Industrial hemp products are made from cannabis plants selected to produce an abundance of fibre. Various cannabis strains have been bred, often selectively to pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bakuchiol
Bakuchiol is a meroterpene (a chemical compound having a partial terpenoid structure) in the class terpenophenol. It was first isolated in 1966 by Mehta et al. from Psoralea corylifolia seed and was called Bakuchiol based on the Sanskrit name of the plant, Bakuchi. Bakuchiol is a meroterpene phenol abundant in and mainly obtained from the seeds of the Psoralea corylifolia plant, which is widely used in Indian as well as in Traditional Chinese medicine to treat a variety of diseases. It has also been isolated from other plants, such as P. grandulosa, P. drupaceae, Ulmus davidiana, Otholobium pubescens, Piper longum and Aerva sangulnolenta Blum. Even though the first complete synthesis of Bakuchiol has been described in 1973, its first commercial use in topical applications did not occur until 2007 when it was introduced to the market under the trade name Sytenol A by Sytheon Ltd. It has been reported to have anticancer activity in preclinical models, possibly due to its struct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferruginol
Ferruginol is a natural phenol with a terpenoid substructure. Specifically, it is a diterpene of the abietane chemical class, meaning it is characterized by three fused six-membered rings and alkyl functional groups. Ferruginol was first identified in 1939 by Brandt and Neubauer as the main component in the resin of the Prumnopitys ferruginea, Miro tree (''Podocarpus ferrugneus)'' and has since been isolated from other conifer species in the families ''Cupressaceae'' and ''Podocarpaceae''. As a biomarker, the presence of ferruginol in fossils, mainly resin, is used to describe the density of these conifers in that particular biosphere throughout time. Background Ferruginol is a phenolic abietene, a type of tricyclic diterpenoid derived from terrestrial plants. It has a molecular composition of C20H30O with a molecular weight of 286 g/mole. Along with its presence in the ''Verbenaceae'' family, it has been found in a variety of conifer families including ''Podocarpaceae,'' the anc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutisianthol
Mutisianthol is a sesquiterpene Sesquiterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of three isoprene units and often have the molecular formula C15H24. Like monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes may be cyclic or contain rings, including many unique combinations. Biochemical modificatio ... compound found in '' Mutisia homoeantha''. It was first isolated by Bohlmann et al. in 1979. References {{reflist Terpeno-phenolic compounds Sesquiterpenes Indanes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Totarol
Totarol is a naturally produced diterpene that is bioactive as totarol. It was first isolated by McDowell and Esterfield from the heartwood of ''Podocarpus totara'', a conifer tree found in New Zealand.Short, W. F.; Stromberg, H. ''J. Chem. Soc.'' 1937, 516-520 Podocarpus totara was investigated for unique molecules due to the tree's increased resistance to rotting. Recent studies have confirmed totarol's unique antimicrobial and therapeutic properties. Consequently, totarol is a candidate for a new source of drugs and has been the goal of numerous syntheses. Occurrence Although totarol was first isolated in ''Podocarpus totara'', totarol has also been identified in numerous other species of Podocarpaceae and Cupressaceae, with the majority found in the genus ''Podocarpus'' of the family Podocarpaceae and the subfamily Cupressoideae of the family Cupressaceae.Sharp, H.; Latif, Z.; Bartholomew, B.; Bright, C.; Jones, C. D.; Sarker, S. D.; Nash, R. "Totarol, totaradiol and ferrugi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aplidium
''Aplidium'' is a genus of colonial sea squirts, tunicates in the family Polyclinidae. There are about 188 species in the genus found in shallow waters around the world. Species The following species are listed in this genus according to the World Register of Marine Species: World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2011-11-20. *'''' Kott, 2006 *'' Aplidium abyssum'' Kott, 1969 *'' Aplidium accarense'' (Millar, 1953) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
