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Melkite Aramaic
Christian Palestinian Aramaic (CPA) was a Western Aramaic dialect used by the Melkite Christian community in Palestine and Transjordan between the fifth and thirteenth centuries. It is preserved in inscriptions, manuscripts (mostly palimpsests, less papyri in the first period) and amulets. All the medieval Western Aramaic dialects are defined by religious community. CPA is closely related to its counterparts, Jewish Palestinian Aramaic (JPA) and Samaritan Aramaic (SA).Christa Müller-Kessler, ''Grammatik des Christlich-Palästinisch-Aramäischen. Teil 1: Schriftlehre, Lautlehre, Morphologie'' (Texte und Studien zur Orientalistik 6; Hildesheim, 1991), p. 6.Matthew Morgenstern"Christian Palestinian Aramaic" in Stefan Weninger (ed.), ''The Semitic Languages: An International Handbook'' (De Gruyter Mouton, 2011), pp. 628–37. Friedrich Schulthess, ''Grammatik des christlich-palästinischen-Aramäisch'' (Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1924), pp. 1–2. CPA shows a specific vocabulary that i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schøyen MS 36 In CPA Uncial
Schøyen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Carl Schøyen (1877-1951) Norwegian author *Erna Schøyen (1887-1968) Norwegian actress *Hege Schøyen (born 1957), Norwegian singer, actor, and comedian * Martin Schøyen (born 1940), Norwegian businessman, historian, and book collector * Per G. Schøyen (1924–2017), Norwegian diplomat * Rolf Schøyen (born 1936) Norwegian physician and medical microbiologist *Thor Hiorth Schøyen Thor Hiorth Schøyen (May 1, 1885 – June 6, 1961) was a Norwegian entomologist. He became the curator of the Oslo Zoological Museum in 1908. Later, in 1913, he became the government entomologist at the Norwegian Plant Protection Office (''S ... (1885-1961) First curator of the Oslo Zoological Museum in 1908 * Wilhelm Maribo Schøyen (1844-1918) Norwegian entomologist {{DEFAULTSORT:Schoyen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assemani
Assemani is a surname. "Assemani" is an Arabic patronymic which means son of Simeon. Notable people with the surname include: * Giuseppe Simone Assemani (1687–1768), Lebanese Maronite Orientalist * Stefano Evodio Assemani (1709–1782), nephew of Giuseppe Simone * Giuseppe Luigi Assemani (1710–1782), nephew of Giuseppe Simone and cousin of Stefano Evodio * Simone Assemani (1752–1820), grandnephew of Giuseppe Simone See also * Codex Assemanius (scholarly abbreviation ''Ass'') is a rounded Glagolitic Old Church Slavonic canon evangeliary consisting of 158 illuminated parchment folios, dated to early 11th century. The manuscript is created in the Ohrid Literary School of the First Bulgari ... * Chamoun {{surname, Assemani Lebanese families Arabic-language surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodor Nöldeke
Theodor Nöldeke (; born 2 March 1836 – 25 December 1930) was a German orientalist and scholar. His research interests ranged over Old Testament studies, Semitic languages and Arabic, Persian and Syriac literature. Nöldeke translated several important works of oriental literature and during his lifetime was considered an important orientalist. He wrote numerous studies (including on the Qur’ān) and contributed articles to the Encyclopædia Britannica. Among the projects Nöldeke collaborated on was Michael Jan de Goeje’s published edition of al-Tabari's ''Tarikh'' ("Universal History"), for which he translated the Sassanid-era section. This translation remains of great value, particularly for the extensive supplementary commentary. His numerous students included Charles Cutler Torrey, Louis Ginzberg and Friedrich Zacharias Schwally. He entrusted Schwally with the continuation of his standard work "The History of the Qur’ān". Biography Nöldeke was born in Harburg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arabs, Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard Prestige (sociolinguistics), prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as First language, mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Islamic Conquests
The early Muslim conquests or early Islamic conquests ( ar, الْفُتُوحَاتُ الإسْلَامِيَّة, ), also referred to as the Arab conquests, were initiated in the 7th century by Muhammad, the main Islamic prophet. He established a new unified polity in Arabia that expanded rapidly under the Rashidun Caliphate and the Umayyad Caliphate, culminating in Islamic rule being established across three continents. According to Scottish historian James Buchan: "In speed and extent, the first Arab conquests were matched only by those of Alexander the Great, and they were more lasting." At their height, the territory that was conquered stretched from Iberia (at the Pyrenees) in the west to India (at Sind) in the east; Muslim rule spanned Sicily, most of North Africa and the Middle East, and the Caucasus and Central Asia. English historian Edward Gibbon writes in ''The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'': Among other drastic changes, the early Musli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabization
Arabization or Arabisation ( ar, تعريب, ') describes both the process of growing Arab influence on non-Arab populations, causing a language shift by the latter's gradual adoption of the Arabic language and incorporation of Arab culture, after the Muslim conquest of the Middle East and North Africa, as well as the Arab nationalist policies of some governments in modern Arab states toward non-Arabic speaking minorities, including Algeria, Iraq, Kuwait, Sudan. Historically, aspects of the culture of the Arabian Peninsula were combined in various forms with the cultures of conquered regions and ultimately denominated "Arab". After the rise of Islam in the Hejaz, Arab culture and language were spread outside the Arabian Peninsula through conquest, trade and intermarriages between members of the non-Arab local population and the peninsular Arabs. Even within the Arabian Peninsula itself, Arabization occurred to non-Arab populations such as the Hutaym in the northwestern Arabia an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persecution Of Christians
The persecution of Christians can be historically traced from the first century of the Christian era to the present day. Christian missionaries and converts to Christianity have both been targeted for persecution, sometimes to the point of being martyred for their faith, ever since the emergence of Christianity. Early Christians were persecuted at the hands of both Jews, from whose religion Christianity arose, and the Romans who controlled many of the early centers of Christianity in the Roman Empire. Since the emergence of Christian states in Late Antiquity, Christians have also been persecuted by other Christians due to differences in doctrine which have been declared heretical. Early in the fourth century, the empire's official persecutions were ended by the Edict of Serdica in 311 and the practice of Christianity legalized by the Edict of Milan in 312. By the year 380, Christians began to persecute each other. The schisms of late antiquity and the Middle Ages – in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebastian P
Sebastian may refer to: People * Sebastian (name), including a list of persons with the name Arts, entertainment, and media Films and television * ''Sebastian'' (1968 film), British spy film * ''Sebastian'' (1995 film), Swedish drama film * ''Sebastian'' (2017 film) * ''Belle and Sebastian'' (Japanese TV series), a 1981 anime series based on the 1965 novel * '' Sebastian Star Bear: First Mission'', a Dutch animated film released in 1991 * ''Sebastiane'' (1976 film), 1976 Derek Jarman film in Latin about the saint Literature * ''Sebastian'' (Bishop novel), the first novel of the ''Landscapes of Ephemera'' duology written by Anne Bishop * ''Sebastian'' (Durrell novel), the fourth volume in ''The Avignon Quintet'' series by Lawrence Durrell * '' Belle et Sébastien'', a 1965 novel and live action TV series written by Cécile Aubry * "Sebastian, or, Virtue Rewarded", the name of an unpublished poem written around 1815 by the 9-year-old Elizabeth Barrett, later famous as E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liturgical
Liturgy is the customary public ritual of worship performed by a religious group. ''Liturgy'' can also be used to refer specifically to public worship by Christians. As a religious phenomenon, liturgy represents a communal response to and participation in the sacred through activities reflecting praise, thanksgiving, remembrance, supplication, or repentance. It forms a basis for establishing a relationship with God. Technically speaking, liturgy forms a subset of ritual. The word ''liturgy'', sometimes equated in English as " service", refers to a formal ritual enacted by those who understand themselves to be participating in an action with the divine. Etymology The word ''liturgy'' (), derived from the technical term in ancient Greek ( el, λειτουργία), ''leitourgia'', which literally means "work for the people" is a literal translation of the two words "litos ergos" or "public service". In origin, it signified the often expensive offerings wealthy Greeks made in serv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Church Fathers
The Church Fathers, Early Church Fathers, Christian Fathers, or Fathers of the Church were ancient and influential Christian theologians and writers who established the intellectual and doctrinal foundations of Christianity. The historical period in which they worked became known as the Patristic Era and spans approximately from the late 1st to mid-8th centuries, flourishing in particular during the 4th and 5th centuries, when Christianity was in the process of establishing itself as the state church of the Roman Empire. In traditional dogmatic theology, authors considered Church Fathers are treated as authoritative, and a somewhat restrictive definition is used. The academic field of patristics, the study of the Church Fathers, has extended the scope of the term, and there is no definitive list. Some, such as Origen and Tertullian, made major contributions to the development of later Christian theology, but certain elements of their teaching were later condemned. Great Fathe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Bible
The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a variety of forms originally written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Koine Greek. These texts include instructions, stories, poetry, and prophecies, among other genres. The collection of materials that are accepted as part of the Bible by a particular religious tradition or community is called a biblical canon. Believers in the Bible generally consider it to be a product of divine inspiration, but the way they understand what that means and interpret the text can vary. The religious texts were compiled by different religious communities into various official collections. The earliest contained the first five books of the Bible. It is called the Torah in Hebrew and the Pentateuch (meaning ''five books'') in Greek; the second oldest part was a coll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alain Desreumaux
Alain Desreumaux (born 1944, Stains) is a French historian of religion, specializing on Syrian and Aramaic christo-palestinian communities. He has uncovered manuscripts and inscriptions and published works on codicology and epigraphy. He is president and cofounder of the Société d'études syriaques. Works *1997: Doctrine de l’Apôtre Addaï, dans Les Écrits Apocryphes Chrétiens I - Bibliothèque de la Pléiade 442 - Éditions Gallimard, Paris * Histoire du roi Abgar et de Jésus : Presentation and translation of the full Syrian text of the Addai doctrine (Brepols) * Khirbet Es-Samra I: the first volume is entitled Khirbet es-Samra I. It was prepared under the direction of Jean-Baptiste Humbert and Alain Desreumaux, and under the aegis of the "École biblique et archéologique française de Jérusalem" and the "Centre d'études des religions du Livre du CNRS". *2004:Les Études syriaques - publiées par la Société d'études syriaques ; dir. Alain Desreumaux, Françoise ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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