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Megabraula
''Megabraula'' is a fly genus in the family Braulidae. These are very unusual flies, wingless and flattened, and barely recognizable as Diptera. ''Megabraula'' is found in Nepal and is 3 mm in length. Both species are found in the nests of ''Apis laboriosa ''Apis laboriosa'', the Himalayan giant honey bee, is the world’s largest honey bee; single adults can measure up to in length. Before 1980, ''Apis laboriosa'' was considered to be a subspecies of the widespread ''Apis dorsata'', the giant ho ...'' Species *'' Megabraula antecessor'' Grimaldi & Underwood, 1986 *'' Megabraula onerosa'' Grimaldi & Underwood, 1986 References Braulidae Carnoidea genera Pest insects Diptera of Asia Wingless Diptera Taxa named by David Grimaldi {{Carnoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megabraula Antecessor
''Megabraula'' is a fly genus in the family Braulidae. These are very unusual flies, wingless and flattened, and barely recognizable as Diptera. ''Megabraula'' is found in Nepal and is 3 mm in length. Both species are found in the nests of ''Apis laboriosa ''Apis laboriosa'', the Himalayan giant honey bee, is the world’s largest honey bee; single adults can measure up to in length. Before 1980, ''Apis laboriosa'' was considered to be a subspecies of the widespread ''Apis dorsata'', the giant ho ...'' Species *'' Megabraula antecessor'' Grimaldi & Underwood, 1986 *'' Megabraula onerosa'' Grimaldi & Underwood, 1986 References Braulidae Carnoidea genera Pest insects Diptera of Asia Wingless Diptera Taxa named by David Grimaldi {{Carnoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megabraula Onerosa
''Megabraula'' is a fly genus in the family Braulidae. These are very unusual flies, wingless and flattened, and barely recognizable as Diptera. ''Megabraula'' is found in Nepal and is 3 mm in length. Both species are found in the nests of ''Apis laboriosa'' Species *''Megabraula antecessor ''Megabraula'' is a fly genus in the family Braulidae. These are very unusual flies, wingless and flattened, and barely recognizable as Diptera. ''Megabraula'' is found in Nepal and is 3 mm in length. Both species are found in the nests of ''Apis ...'' Grimaldi & Underwood, 1986 *'' Megabraula onerosa'' Grimaldi & Underwood, 1986 References Braulidae Carnoidea genera Pest insects Diptera of Asia Wingless Diptera Taxa named by David Grimaldi {{Carnoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Braulidae
Braulidae, or bee lice, is a family of fly, true flies (''Diptera'') with seven species in two genera, ''Braula'' and ''Megabraula''. They are found in honey bee colonies due to their phoretic, inquiline, and kleptoparasitic relationships with the bees. Similar in appearance but not closely related to Hippoboscidae#Systematics, keds, these flies are also small, wingless, and occasionally mistaken for mites or lice, hence their common name. History The first discovery of Braulidae was of ''Braula coeca'', in 1818 by Christian Ludwig Nitzsch, Christian Ludwig Nitzch, a German zoologist. In 1986, the genus ''Megabraula'' was discovered by David Grimaldi (entomologist), David Grimaldi, an American entomologist. Braulidae are found throughout the world in Africa, Europe, Australia, North America, and South America. Since they prefer queen bees as hosts, they are thought to have been brought to the United States by queen importation. Many species of Braulidae are thought to have dif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Grimaldi (entomologist)
David A. Grimaldi (born September 22, 1957) is an entomologist and Curator of Invertebrate Zoology at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. He received his graduate training at Cornell University, where he earned his doctorate in Entomology in 1986. Dr. Grimaldi is an authority in many fields of insect systematics, paleontology, and evolutionary biology. Dr. Grimaldi is also an adjunct professor at Cornell University, Columbia University, and the City University of New York. Aside from numerous papers in scientific journals, Grimaldi is author of ''Amber: Window to the Past'', and of ''Evolution of the Insects'' (2005) with co-author Michael S. Engel. Honors and awards Some of Dr. Grimaldi's scientific honors include: * Thomas Say Award, Entomological Society of America, 2007 Eponymy The following is a selection of taxa that have been named for Grimaldi: *''Afrarchaea grimaldii'' Penney (a fossil archaeid spider in Burmese amber) *''Ambradolon grimaldii'' Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benjamin A
Benjamin ( he, ''Bīnyāmīn''; "Son of (the) right") blue letter bible: https://www.blueletterbible.org/lexicon/h3225/kjv/wlc/0-1/ H3225 - yāmîn - Strong's Hebrew Lexicon (kjv) was the last of the two sons of Jacob and Rachel (Jacob's thirteenth child and twelfth and youngest son) in Jewish, Christian and Islamic tradition. He was also the progenitor of the Israelite Tribe of Benjamin. Unlike Rachel's first son, Joseph, Benjamin was born in Canaan according to biblical narrative. In the Samaritan Pentateuch, Benjamin's name appears as "Binyamēm" ( Samaritan Hebrew: , "son of days"). In the Quran, Benjamin is referred to as a righteous young child, who remained with Jacob when the older brothers plotted against Joseph. Later rabbinic traditions name him as one of four ancient Israelites who died without sin, the other three being Chileab, Jesse and Amram. Name The name is first mentioned in letters from King Sîn-kāšid of Uruk (1801–1771 BC), who called himself “K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepal
Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain, bordering the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, and India in the south, east, and west, while it is narrowly separated from Bangladesh by the Siliguri Corridor, and from Bhutan by the Indian state of Sikkim. Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Nepal is a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, multi-religious and multi-cultural state, with Nepali as the official language. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and the largest city. The name "Nepal" is first recorded in texts from the Vedic period of the India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apis Laboriosa
''Apis laboriosa'', the Himalayan giant honey bee, is the world’s largest honey bee; single adults can measure up to in length. Before 1980, ''Apis laboriosa'' was considered to be a subspecies of the widespread ''Apis dorsata'', the giant honey bee, but in 1980 and for almost 20 years thereafter it was elevated to the rank of a separate species. It was classified once again as a subspecies of ''Apis dorsata'' by Engel in 1999, but was confirmed as a full species in 2020 on the basis of co-occurrence with ''Apis dorsata'' at many sites with no sign of interbreeding. It is highly adapted to its highland habitat in behavior. Taxonomy Recent research has removed ''laboriosa'' from inclusion within ''A. dorsata'', as a separate species, with supporting evidence including a significant region of sympatry. ''A. laboriosa'' is hardly distinct morphologically from the nominate subspecies of ''dorsata'' (darker abdomen, longer thoracic hair) but has different housekeeping and swarmi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnoidea Genera
Carnoidea is a superfamily of Acalyptratae flies. Description In general, carnoids are small flies no more than a few millimetres long. Carnoidea is a poorly defined superfamily. In 1989, ten synapomorphies were described for the group, but most of these have later been challenged. As of 2006, the following synapopmorphies were described: uppermost fronto-orbital bristle(s) of the head is exclinate; phallus of the male is flexible, unsclerotized, simple and elongate; and phallus is microtrichose. Ecology Braulidae are associated with honey bees, with larvae developing in beeswax while adults attach to bees and feed from bee mouthparts. Canacidae adults are mainly found on seashore habitats such as beaches, estuarine tidal flats, wave-swept rocks and mangroves. Little is known about their larvae, but they are believed to mainly feed on algae in the intertidal zone. Australimyzidae are also found on seashores, being associated with dead or decaying plant matter. Carnidae are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pest Insects
Economic entomology is a field of entomology, which involves the study of insects that benefit or harm humans, domestic animals, and crops. Insects that cause losses are termed as pests. Some species can cause indirect damage by spreading diseases and these are termed as vectors. Those that are beneficial include those reared for food such as honey, substances such as lac or pigments and for their role in pollinating crops and controlling pests. The ''Journal of Economic Entomology'', published by the Entomological Society of America, described itself in 2017 as the "most-cited entomological journal". History In the 18th century many works were published on agriculture. Many contained accounts of pest insects. In France Claude Sionnest (1749–1820) was a notable figure. 19th century In Britain, John Curtis wrote the influential 1860 treatise ''Farm Insects'', dealing with the insect pests of corn, roots, grass and stored grain. Fruit and pests were described by authors such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diptera Of Asia
Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advanced mechanosensory organs known as halteres, which act as high-speed sensors of rotational movement and allow dipterans to perform advanced aerobatics. Diptera is a large order containing an estimated 1,000,000 species including horse-flies, crane flies, hoverflies and others, although only about 125,000 species have been described. Flies have a mobile head, with a pair of large compound eyes, and mouthparts designed for piercing and sucking (mosquitoes, black flies and robber flies), or for lapping and sucking in the other groups. Their wing arrangement gives them great maneuverability in flight, and claws and pads on their feet enable them to cling to smooth surfaces. Flies undergo complete metamorphosis; the eggs are often laid on the la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wingless Diptera
The Wnt signaling pathways are a group of signal transduction pathways which begin with proteins that pass signals into a cell through cell surface receptors. The name Wnt is a portmanteau created from the names Wingless and Int-1. Wnt signaling pathways use either nearby cell-cell communication (paracrine) or same-cell communication (autocrine). They are highly evolutionarily conserved in animals, which means they are similar across animal species from fruit flies to humans. Three Wnt signaling pathways have been characterized: the canonical Wnt pathway, the noncanonical planar cell polarity pathway, and the noncanonical Wnt/calcium pathway. All three pathways are activated by the binding of a Wnt-protein ligand to a Frizzled family receptor, which passes the biological signal to the Dishevelled protein inside the cell. The canonical Wnt pathway leads to regulation of gene transcription, and is thought to be negatively regulated in part by the SPATS1 gene. The noncanonical pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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