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Mausoleum Of Shajar Al-Durr
The Mausoleum of Shajar al-Durr is a mausoleum housing the tomb of the female Ayyubid sultan Shajar al-Durr in Cairo, Egypt. It is located on al-Khalifa Street or Shurafa Street, in a neighbourhood on the edge of the al-Qarafa cemeteries. Its construction was commissioned by Shajar al-Durr herself and it is believed to have been built in the Islamic year 648 AH (1250 CE). Shajar al-Durr was notable for being the only female Muslim ruler in Egyptian history and for playing a crucial role in the transition from Ayyubid rule to Mamluk rule. The mausoleum serves as the formal resting place of the queen and commemorates her legacy. Architectural features of this structure, along with the broader architectural patronage of Shajar al-Durr, influenced future Mamluk architecture. Historical background Life and political role of Shajar al-Durr Shajar al-Durr was an Ayyubid queen and architectural patron who reigned formally as the official sultan of Egypt for eighty days in May, June ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cairo
Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo metropolitan area, with a population of 21.9 million, is the 12th-largest in the world by population. Cairo is associated with ancient Egypt, as the Giza pyramid complex and the ancient cities of Memphis and Heliopolis are located in its geographical area. Located near the Nile Delta, the city first developed as Fustat, a settlement founded after the Muslim conquest of Egypt in 640 next to an existing ancient Roman fortress, Babylon. Under the Fatimid dynasty a new city, ''al-Qāhirah'', was founded nearby in 969. It later superseded Fustat as the main urban centre during the Ayyubid and Mamluk periods (12th–16th centuries). Cairo has long been a centre of the region's political and cultural life, and is titled "the city of a thousand m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aybak
Izz al-Din AybakThe name Aybeg or Aibak or Aybak is a combination of two Turkic words, "Ay" = Moon and "Beg" or variant "Bak" = Emir in Arabic. -(Al-Maqrizi, Note p.463/vol.1 ) ( ar, عز الدين أيبك) (''epithet:'' al-Malik al-Mu'izz Izz al-Din Aybak al-Jawshangir al-Turkmani al-Salihi, ar, links=no, الملك المعز عز الدين أيبك التركماني الجاشنكير الصالحى) was the first of the Mamluk sultans of Egypt in the Turkic Bahri line.Though Aybak is regarded by historian as a Mamluk, he actually served in the court of as-Salih Ayyub as an Emir/military commander and not as a Mamluk.- Shayal, p. 153/ vol.2- Al-Maqrizi, p. 463/vol.1 – According to Ibn Taghri as-Salih Ayyub bought him before he became a Sultan and he promoted him to the position an Emir. The rank which Aybak used was of a Khawanja (خوانجا Sultan's accountant ). Ibn Taghri, PP.103-273/ The Sultanate of al-Muizz Aybak al-Turkumani.Some historians, however, conside ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madrasa
Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , pl. , ) is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary instruction or higher learning. The word is variously transliterated ''Madrasah arifah'', ''medresa'', ''madrassa'', ''madraza'', ''medrese'', etc. In countries outside the Arab world, the word usually refers to a specific type of religious school or college for the study of the religion of Islam, though this may not be the only subject studied. In an architectural and historical context, the term generally refers to a particular kind of institution in the historic Muslim world which primarily taught Islamic law and jurisprudence (''fiqh''), as well as other subjects on occasion. The origin of this type of institution is widely credited to Nizam al-Mulk, a vizier under the Seljuks in the 11th century, who was responsible for building the first network of official madrasas in Iran, Mesopotamia, and Khorasan. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pascale Coste Egypt Cairo Shajar Al-durr Nypl
Pascale is a common Francophone given name, the feminine of the name Pascal. The same spelling is also an Italian form of the masculine name ''Pascal'', and an Italian surname derived from the given name. Pascale derives from the Latin ''paschalis'' or ''pashalis'', which means "relating to Easter", ultimately from ''pesach'', the Hebrew name of the feast of Passover. Notable people with the name include: Given name *Pascale Audret *Pascale Bussières *Pascale Cossart *Pascale Criton *Pascale Dorcelus (born 1979), Canadian weightlifter *Pascale Ferran *Pascale Garaud, French-American astrophysicist *Pascale Grand *Pascale Haiti, politician and government minister from French Polynesia *Pascale Hutton *Pascale Machaalani *Pascale Montpetit *Pascale Ogier *Pascale Paradis * Pascale Petit (actress) (born 1938), French actress * Pascale Petit (poet) (born 1953), French poet *Pascale Quiviger *Pascale Sourisse *Pascale Trinquet Surname * Anie Pascale, Canadian actress * Ernesto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Sayyida Nafisa Mosque
Al-Sayyida Nafisa Mosque or Mashhad al-Sayyida Nafisa is a mosque in al-Sayyida Nafisa district (or Sebaa Valley), a section of the larger historic necropolis called al-Qarafa (or City of the Dead) in Cairo, Egypt. It is built to commemorate Sayyida Nafisa, an acclaimed Islamic scholar and a member of Bayt (household) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The mosque has Sayyida Nafisa's mausoleum inside. Along with the necropolis around it, it is listed as part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Historic Cairo. Location The mosque is located on Ahl al-Bayt street, where numerous mausoleums commemorating well known Islamic figures exist along the way. Al-Sayeda Nafeesah Mosque is the second destination of the street after Imam Ali Zayn al-Abideen's mausoleum. The street begins with Imam Zayn al-Abideen's maouselum and ends with Al-Sayeda Zaynab Mosque which commemorates Sayyida Zaynab, passing mausoleums of Sayyida Nafisa, Sayyida Sakinah bint Husayn, Sayyida Ruqqiyah bint Ali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sayyida Nafisa
Sayyida Nafisa (d. 208 AH / 830 CE), the full name ''As-Sayyidah Nafīsah bint Amīr al-Muʾminīn Al-Ḥasan al-Anwar ibn Zayd al-Ablaj ibn Al-Hasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-ʿAlawiyyah al-Ḥasaniyyah'' ( ar, ٱلسَّيِّدَة نَفِيْسَة بِنْت أَمِيْر ٱلْمُؤْمِنِيْن ٱلْحَسَن ابْن زَيْد ٱلْأَبْلَج ابْن ٱلْحَسَن ابْن عَلِي ابْن أَبِي طَالِب ٱلْعَلَوِيَّة ٱلْحَسَنِيَّة), was a female descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and a scholar and teacher of Islam. Having taught Sunni Imam Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi'i, she is the best known female scholar of ''hadith'' in Egypt.Ibn Kathir, ''Al-Bidayah wa al-nihayah'', sub Anno 208. Biography She was born in Mecca in about 762 CE, to Al-Hasan al-Anwar the son of Zayd al-Ablaj, son of Al-Hasan the grandson of Muhammad. She spent her later life in Cairo, where there is a mosque bearing her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mashhad Of Sayyida Ruqayya
The Mashhad of Sayyidah Ruqayyah ( ar, مـشـهـد الـسـيـدة رقـيـة, Mashhad al-Sayyidah Ruqayyah), also referred to as the Mausoleum or Tomb of Sayyida Ruqayya, is a 12th-century Islamic religious shrine and mosque in Cairo, Egypt. It was erected in 1133 CE as a memorial to as-Sayyidah Ruqayyah, a member of the Islamic prophet Muhammad's family. It is also notable as one of the few and most important Fatimid-era mausoleums preserved in Cairo today. In Pakistan, it is believed that Bibi Pak Daman (Urdu: بی بی پاکدامن Bībī Pāk Dāman) is the mausoleum of Ruqayyah bint Ali located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan History Sayyida Ruqayya Sayyida Ruqayyah was a daughter of Ali ibn Abi Talib, her mother being one of the wives of the Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib (who married Muhammad's daughter Fatimah). Along with Sayyida Nafisa, who is buried in a nearby mosque, she is considered to be a patron saint of Cairo. Nonetheless, it is not clear that Sayyida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sayyida Ruqayya Bint Ali
Ruqayya bint ʿAlī () was a daughter of the fourth caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib (). She is considered an Alid saint (a ), her mother is Al-Sahba bint Rabi'a. She is claimed to be a full-sister of Abbas ibn Ali on a name plate (shown in the image on the right) in her ''mashhad'' (shrine) in Cairo, where she is traditionally considered to be a patron saint. Her shrine in Cairo is still used as an oratory where vows and intercessionary prayers to her are offered.Mashhad al-Sayyida Ruqayya, ArchNet.org, Accessed 10 June 2013 She is believed to have died when she was a child. There is also a shrine in Lahore (Pakistan) called Bibi Pak Daman (Urdu: بی بی پاکدامن Bībī Pāk Dāman) which locals believe to be the mausoleum of Ruqayya bint Ali. See also * Muslim ibn Aqil * Muhammad ibn Muslim and Ibrahim ibn Muslim * Sayyida Nafisa bint al-Hasan * Sayyida Ruqayya bint al-Husayn * Sayyida Zaynab bint Ali Zaynab bint Ali ( ar, زَيْنَب بِنْت عَلِيّ, ', ), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salihiyya Madrasa
The Salihiyya Madrasa (or Madrasa as-Salihiyya), also called the Madrasa and Mausoleum of as-Salih Najm ad-Din Ayyub () is a historic madrasa and mausoleum complex in Cairo, Egypt. The complex was founded by the Ayyub sultan As-Salih Ayyub in 1242 and his mausoleum was added to it by Shajarr ad-Durr upon his death in 1249. It was one of the most prominent centers of Islamic learning in the Ayyubid and Mamluk era in the 13th–14th centuries CE. Its remains are located on al-Muizz Street in the historic district of Cairo across from the Complex of Sultan Qalawun. History In the 13th century, the Ayyubid dynasty founded by Saladin ruled Egypt and the neighboring lands. In 1242, the sultan at the time, as-Salih Ayyub, built the Salihiyya Madrasa (named after him). It became the first ''madrasa'' ("religious college") in Cairo to teach all four of Sunni Islam's madhabs ("schools of law"). The northern wing of the complex was dedicated to the Shafi'i and Maliki denominati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Muazzam Turanshah
Turanshah, also Turan Shah ( ar, توران شاه), (? – 2 May 1250), (''epithet:'' al-Malik al-Muazzam Ghayath al-Din Turanshah ( ar, الملك المعظم غياث الدين توران شاه)) was a Kurdish ruler of Egypt, a son of Sultan As-Salih Ayyub. A member of the Ayyubid Dynasty, he became Sultan of Egypt for a brief period in 1249–50. Background Turanshah was not trusted by his father, who sent him to Hasankeyf to keep him away from Egyptian politics. He learned of his father's death from Faris ad-Din Aktai, commander of his father's Bahri Mamluks, who had been sent from Egypt to bring him back and pursue the war against Louis IX of France and the Seventh Crusade. Aktai arrived at Hasankeyf early in Ramadan 647/December 1249 and a few days later, 11 Ramadan/18 December, Turanshah and around fifty companions had started off for Egypt. The party took a circuitous route to avoid being intercepted by hostile Ayyubid rivals and on 28 Ramadan 647/4 Januar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tulunids
The Tulunids (), were a Mamluk dynasty of Turkic origin who were the first independent dynasty to rule Egypt, as well as much of Syria, since the Ptolemaic dynasty. They were independent from 868, when they broke away from the central authority of the Abbasid Caliphate, to 905, when the Abbasids restored the Tulunid domains to their control. In the late 9th century, internal conflict amongst the Abbasids made control of the outlying areas of the empire was increasingly tenuous, and in 868 the Turkic officer Ahmad ibn Tulun established himself as an independent governor of Egypt. He subsequently achieved nominal autonomy from the central Abbasid government. During his reign (868–884) and those of his successors, the Tulunid domains were expanded to include Jordan Rift Valley, as well as Hejaz, Cyprus and Crete. Ahmad was succeeded by his son Khumarawayh, whose military and diplomatic achievements made him a major player in the Middle Eastern political stage. The Abbasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Maqrizi
Al-Maqrīzī or Maḳrīzī (Arabic: ), whose full name was Taqī al-Dīn Abū al-'Abbās Aḥmad ibn 'Alī ibn 'Abd al-Qādir ibn Muḥammad al-Maqrīzī (Arabic: ) (1364–1442) was a medieval Egyptian Arab historian during the Mamluk era, known for his interest in the Fatimid dynasty and its role in Egyptian history. Life A direct student of Ibn Khaldun, Al-Maqrīzī was born in Cairo and spent most of his life in Egypt. When he presents himself in his books he usually stops at the 10th forefather although he confessed to some of his close friends that he can trace his ancestry to Al-Mu‘izz li-Dīn Allāh – first Fatimid caliph in Egypt and the founder of al-Qahirah – and even to Ali ibn Abi Talib. He was trained in the Hanafite school of law. Later, he switched to the Shafi'ite school and finally to the Zahirite school. Maqrizi studied theology under one of the primary masterminds behind the Zahiri Revolt, and his vocal support and sympathy with that revolt against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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