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Masļenki Border Incident
The Masļenki border incident ( lv, Masļenku robežincidents) was an attack by Soviet NKVD troops on 15 June 1940 against the Latvian border posts in the district of Abrene at the then Latvian-Soviet border on the eve of the Soviet occupation of Latvia. The incident in fact consisted of three separate nearly simultaneously launched attacks on Latvian border posts by Soviet forces at the early dawn of June 15, 1940. Two border posts were actually attacked while another already ongoing attack was suspended. As a result, 3 border guards and 2 civilians were killed; 37 were kidnapped and brought to USSR as hostages. Background Before the occupation in 1940, Latvia's border with the USSR ("eastern border") was 352 km long. Already since 1920, various military structures had been formed for its protection. The most recent, dating from 1935, was the Border Guard Brigade, of which three battalions- the First Dagda, the Second Zilupe and the Third Abrene Battalion- were statio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jānis Macītis
Jānis is a Latvian masculine given name. The first written use of the name Jānis dates back to 1290. It may refer to: *Jānis Ādamsons (born 1956), Latvian politician *Jānis Akuraters (1876–1937), Latvian poet, writer, playwright and politician *Jānis Andersons (born 1986), Latvian ice hockey defenceman *Jānis Balodis (1881–1965), Latvian army general and politician *Jānis Frīdrihs Baumanis (1834–1891), Latvian architect *Jānis Bebris (1917–1969), Latvian footballer * Jānis Beinarovičs (1907–1967), Latvian wrestler * Jānis Bērziņš (1889–1938), Latvian and Soviet communist military official and politician * Jānis Bērziņš (born 1993), Latvian basketball player * Jānis Birks (born 1956), Latvian politician *Jānis Blūms (born 1982), Latvian professional basketball player *Jānis Bojārs (born 1956), Latvian shot putter *Jānis Brikmanis (1940–2019), Latvian zoologist, environmental conservationist, radio and television presenter, and writer *Jānis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military History Of The Soviet Union
The military history of the Soviet Union began in the days following the 1917 October Revolution that brought the Bolsheviks to power. In 1918 the new government formed the Red Army, which then defeated its various internal enemies in the Russian Civil War of 1917–22. The years 1918–21 saw defeats for the Red Army in the Polish–Soviet War (1919–21) and in independence wars for Estonian War of Independence, Estonia (1918–20), Latvian War of Independence, Latvia (1918–20) and Lithuanian Wars of Independence, Lithuania (1918–19). The Red Army Winter War, invaded Finland (November 1939); fought the Battles of Khalkhin Gol of May–September 1939 (together with its ally Mongolia) against Empire of Japan, Japan and its client state Manchukuo; it was deployed when the Soviet Union, in Molotov–Ribbentrop pact, agreement with Nazi Germany, took part in the invasion of Second Polish Republic, Poland in September 1939, and occupied the Baltic States (June 1940), Bessarabia (Jun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
June 1940 Events
June is the sixth month of the year in the Julian calendar, Julian and Gregorian calendars and is the second of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the third of five months to have a length of less than 31 days. June contains the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the day with the most daylight hours, and the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, the day with the fewest daylight hours (excluding polar regions in both cases). June in the Northern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent to December in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa. In the Northern Hemisphere, the beginning of the traditional astronomical summer is 21 June (meteorological summer begins on 1 June). In the Southern Hemisphere, meteorological winter begins on 1 June. At the start of June, the sun rises in the constellation of Taurus (constellation), Taurus; at the end of June, the sun rises in the constellation of Gemini (constellation), Gemini. However, due to the precession of the equ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military History Of Latvia During World War II
After the occupation of Latvia by the USSR in June 1940, much of the previous Latvian army was disbanded and many of its soldiers and officers were arrested and imprisoned or executed. The following year Nazi Germany occupied Latvia during the offensive of Army Group North. The German Einsatzgruppen were aided by a group known as Arajs Kommando in the killing of Latvian Jews as part of the Holocaust. Latvian soldiers fought on both sides of the conflict against their will, and in 1943 180,000 Latvian men were drafted into the Latvian Legion of the Waffen-SS and other German auxiliary forces. In the Baltic Offensive of autumn 1944 the Soviet Union recaptured much of its Baltic coastline, leaving 200,000 troops of Army Group North cut off in the Courland Pocket. Formed into Army Group Courland, this force held out until the end of the war in May 1945, when it surrendered to the Soviet forces and the troops were sent to prison camps. Coup Kārlis Ulmanis staged a bloodless cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1940 In Latvia
Year 194 ( CXCIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Septimius and Septimius (or, less frequently, year 947 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 194 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Emperor Septimius Severus and Decimus Clodius Septimius Albinus Caesar become Roman Consuls. * Battle of Issus: Septimius Severus marches with his army (12 legions) to Cilicia, and defeats Pescennius Niger, Roman governor of Syria. Pescennius retreats to Antioch, and is executed by Severus' troops. * Septimius Severus besieges Byzantium (194–196); the city walls suffer extensive damage. Asia * Battle of Yan Province: Warlords Cao Cao and Lü Bu fight for control over Yan Province; the battle lasts for over 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupation Of The Baltic States
The Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania were invaded and occupied in June 1940 by the Soviet Union, under the leadership of Stalin and auspices of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact that had been signed between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in August 1939, immediately before the outbreak of World War II. The three countries were then annexed into the Soviet Union (formally as " constituent republics") in August 1940. The United States and most other Western countries never recognised this incorporation, considering it illegal. On 22 June 1941, Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union and within weeks occupied the Baltic territories. In July 1941, the Third Reich incorporated the Baltic territory into its ''Reichskommissariat Ostland''. As a result of the Red Army's Baltic Offensive of 1944, the Soviet Union recaptured most of the Baltic states and trapped the remaining German forces in the Courland pocket until their formal surrender in May 1945. Latvian plenipotentiar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet OMON Assaults On Lithuanian Border Posts
Several Soviet OMON assaults on Lithuanian border posts occurred in 1991, after Lithuania declared its independence from the Soviet Union on 11 March 1990. As a Soviet republic, the Lithuanian SSR did not have a state border with customs or checkpoints. The newly declared Republic of Lithuania began establishing the State Border Guard Service, before it was internationally recognized on 27 August 1991 by the states of the European Community. These posts also became a symbol of its struggle for independence. The Soviet government viewed the customs posts as illegal and sent the OMON (Special Purpose Police Unit) troops to harass the posts, especially those along the eastern border with Belarus. The unarmed custom officers and armed policemen were intimidated, beaten or killed, their cars were stolen or bombed, the posts were burned down or wrecked, and work of the checkpoints was otherwise disrupted. Two of the incidents resulted in the deaths of a total of eight Lithuanian citize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Espionage
Espionage, spying, or intelligence gathering is the act of obtaining secret or confidential information (intelligence) from non-disclosed sources or divulging of the same without the permission of the holder of the information for a tangible benefit. A person who commits espionage is called an ''espionage agent'' or ''spy''. Any individual or spy ring (a cooperating group of spies), in the service of a government, company, criminal organization, or independent operation, can commit espionage. The practice is clandestine, as it is by definition unwelcome. In some circumstances, it may be a legal tool of law enforcement and in others, it may be illegal and punishable by law. Espionage is often part of an institutional effort by a government or commercial concern. However, the term tends to be associated with state spying on potential or actual enemies for military purposes. Spying involving corporations is known as industrial espionage. One of the most effective ways to gath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kārlis Beizaks
Kārlis or Karlis is a given name. Notable people with the name include: * Kārlis Aperāts (1892–1944), Latvian Standartenführer in the Waffen SS during World War II * Kārlis Ašmanis (1898–1962), Latvian footballer *Kārlis Balodis (1864–1931), Latvian economist, financist, statistician and demographist *Kārlis Baumanis (1835–1905), better known as Baumaņu Kārlis, a Latvian composer *Kārlis Bētiņš (1867–1943), Latvian chess master and composer of studies * Kārlis Bone (1899–1941), Latvian footballer *Kārlis Būmeisters (born Riga), Latvian musician and politician *Karlis Ezergailis, Australian Motorcycle speedway rider * Kārlis Gailītis (1936–1992), Latvian Lutheran archbishop * Kārlis Goppers (1876–1941), Latvian military officer and the founder and President of Latvijas Skautu un Gaidu Centrālā Organizācija * Hugo Kārlis Grotuss (1884–1951), Latvian painter, classified as a Realist * Kārlis Irbītis (1904–1997), Latvian aeroplane designe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valdis Grīnvalds
Valdis is a Latvian language masculine given name. It is derived from two possible sources; from the Latvian word ''valdīt'' ("rule") or as a shortened form of Valdemārs, the Latvian form of Waldemar. Valdis may refer to the following: *Valdis Birkavs (born 1942), Latvian politician and Prime Minister of Latvia * Valdis Celms (born 1943), Latvian artist and neopagan leader *Valdis Dombrovskis (born 1971), Latvian politician, Prime Minister of Latvia (2009–2013) *Valdis Ģīlis (born 1954), Latvian politician *Valdis Mintals (born 1979), Estonian figure skater *Valdis Muižnieks (1935–2013), Latvian basketball player *Valdis Muktupāvels (born 1958), Latvian ethnomusicologist, composer, musician and teacher *Valdís Óskarsdóttir (born 1950), Icelandic film editor *Valdis Pelšs (born 1967), Latvian-born Russian television personality, musical artist and actor *Valdis Pultraks (1922–1972), Latvian footballer *Valdis Valters (born 1957), Latvian basketball player *Valdis Zatl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pēteris Cimoška
Pēteris is a Latvian language masculine given name. It is a cognate of the name Peter and may refer to: *Pēteris Dzelzītis (1921–1948), Latvian soldier and partisan *Pēteris Juraševskis (1872–1945), Latvian politician and former Prime Minister of Latvia *Pēteris Kalniņš (born 1988), Latvian luger and Olympic competitor *Pēteris Lauks (1902–1984), Latvian football defender *Pēteris Pētersons (1923–1998), Latvian playwright, theatre director and drama critic, theorist, translator, journalist and social activist *Pēteris Plakidis (born 1947), Latvian composer and pianist *Pēteris Skudra (born 1973), Latvian professional ice hockey goaltender *Pēteris Stučka (1865–1932), Latvian politician, writer, translator, editor, jurist and president of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union *Pēteris Vasks Pēteris Vasks (born 16 April 1946) is a Latvian composer. Biography Vasks was born in Aizpute, Latvia, into the family of a Baptist pastor. He trained as a violin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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