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Master Of Eschau
The Master of Eschau (french: Maître d'Eschau) is the notname given to an Alsatian Romanesque sculptor and his workshop, active in the first half of the 12th century. The Master's name derives from the sculptures ( capitals, baptismal font) from the cloister and the church of St Trophimus in Eschau, Bas-Rhin. Most of the remains of his sculpted work from that location are displayed in the Musée de l’Œuvre Notre-Dame in Strasbourg. The Master is also considered to be the author of the sarcophagus of bishop Adelochus of Strasbourg (died 823). That work, dated around 1130 or 1144, is displayed in the Église Saint-Thomas of Strasbourg. Gallery Sarcophage d'Adeloch.JPG, Sarcophagus of Adelochus Strasbourg StThomas92.JPG, Detail of the sarcophagus StrasbourgMuséeOeuvre NotreDameArtRoman (2).JPG, Baptismal font from Eschau Strasbourg MOND (6).JPG, A capital from Eschau References See also *Master of Andlau The Master of Andlau (french: Maître d'Andlau) is the notna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notname
In art history, a ''Notname'' (, "necessity-name" or "contingency-name") is an invented name given to an artist whose identity has been lost. The practice arose from the need to give such artists and their typically untitled, or generically titled works, an acceptable if unsatisfactory grouping, avoiding confusion when cataloging. The phrases provisional name, name of convenience and emergency names are sometimes used to describe anonymous masters; nonce name was at one time used. The practice of using generic names for unidentified artists is most common in the study of art of the antiquity, especially of the Roman era or with artists of the Northern Renaissance until about 1430. Typically a pseudonym is applied after commonality is established for a grouping of works, of which a similarity of theme, style, iconography, biblical source or physical location can probably be attributed to one individual or workshop, but because of lack of surviving documentary record, the name of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alsace
Alsace (, ; ; Low Alemannic German/ gsw-FR, Elsàss ; german: Elsass ; la, Alsatia) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland. In 2020, it had a population of 1,898,533. Alsatian culture is characterized by a blend of Germanic and French influences. Until 1871, Alsace included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort, which formed its southernmost part. From 1982 to 2016, Alsace was the smallest administrative ''région'' in metropolitan France, consisting of the Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin departments. Territorial reform passed by the French Parliament in 2014 resulted in the merger of the Alsace administrative region with Champagne-Ardenne and Lorraine to form Grand Est. On 1 January 2021, the departments of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the new European Collectivity of Alsace but remained part of the region Grand Est. Alsatian is an Alemannic dialect closely related ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanesque Sculpture
Romanesque art is the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic style in the 12th century, or later depending on region. The preceding period is known as the Pre-Romanesque period. The term was invented by 19th-century art historians, especially for Romanesque architecture, which retained many basic features of Roman architectural style – most notably round-headed arches, but also barrel vaults, apses, and acanthus-leaf decoration – but had also developed many very different characteristics. In Southern France, Spain, and Italy there was an architectural continuity with the Late Antique, but the Romanesque style was the first style to spread across the whole of Catholic Europe, from Sicily to Scandinavia. Romanesque art was also greatly influenced by Byzantine art, especially in painting, and by the anti-classical energy of the decoration of the Insular art of the British Isles. From these elements was forged a highly innovative and coherent style ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capital (architecture)
In architecture the capital (from the Latin ''caput'', or "head") or chapiter forms the topmost member of a column (or a pilaster). It mediates between the column and the load thrusting down upon it, broadening the area of the column's supporting surface. The capital, projecting on each side as it rises to support the abacus, joins the usually square abacus and the usually circular shaft of the column. The capital may be convex, as in the Doric order; concave, as in the inverted bell of the Corinthian order; or scrolling out, as in the Ionic order. These form the three principal types on which all capitals in the classical tradition are based. The Composite order established in the 16th century on a hint from the Arch of Titus, adds Ionic volutes to Corinthian acanthus leaves. From the highly visible position it occupies in all colonnaded monumental buildings, the capital is often selected for ornamentation; and is often the clearest indicator of the architectural orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baptismal Font
A baptismal font is an article of church furniture used for baptism. Aspersion and affusion fonts The fonts of many Christian denominations are for baptisms using a non-immersive method, such as aspersion (sprinkling) or affusion (pouring). The simplest of these fonts has a pedestal (about tall) with a holder for a basin of water. The materials vary greatly consisting of carved and sculpted marble, wood, or metal. The shape can vary. Many are eight-sided as a reminder of the new creation and as a connection to the practice of circumcision, which traditionally occurs on the eighth day. Some are three-sided as a reminder of the Holy Trinity: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Fonts are often placed at or near the entrance to a church's nave to remind believers of their baptism as they enter the church to pray, since the rite of baptism served as their initiation into the Church. In many churches of the Middle Ages and Renaissance there was a special chapel or even a separate build ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
St Trophimus' Church, Eschau
Saint Trophimus' Church (french: Église Saint-Trophime) is a Romanesque church in Eschau, a small town in the suburbs of Strasbourg, the historical capital of Alsace. The church is dedicated to Trophimus of Arles. It houses relics of Saint Sophia (French: ''Sainte Sophie'') since 777 and is a place of Christian pilgrimage, especially for members of the Russian Orthodox Church. It is classified as a Monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture since 1898. History The church was originally part of a Benedictine abbey founded by the bishop of Strasbourg, in 770. On 10 May 777, Remigius brought relics of Sophia and her daughters from Rome, where they had been given to him by Pope Adrian I. He dedicated the abbey to St Sophia, and the church both to Mary and St Trophimus. Remigius died on 23 March 783 and was buried in the church. The church was destroyed by the Hungarians in 926. It was rebuilt in 996 by bishop . In 1143, the number of pilgrims to the relics was so co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eschau, Bas-Rhin
Eschau (; gsw-FR, Àschoei) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is situated 8 km south of Strasbourg. Population Sights Eschau's main sight is the '' Église Saint-Trophime'', a Romanesque church dedicated to Trophimus of Arles. The building dates back to the 8th century but has been rebuilt several times until the end of the 13th century. It contains relics of Sophia the Martyr in a Gothic chasse and several wooden polychrome 15th-century Gothic statues. The 12th-century cloister has been destroyed but several capitals and other pieces of Romanesque sculpture by the Master of Eschau have survived and are on display in the Musée de l'Œuvre Notre-Dame. See also * Communes of the Bas-Rhin department The following is a list of the 514 communes of the Bas-Rhin department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020): [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarcophagus
A sarcophagus (plural sarcophagi or sarcophaguses) is a box-like funeral receptacle for a corpse, most commonly carved in stone, and usually displayed above ground, though it may also be buried. The word ''sarcophagus'' comes from the Greek σάρξ ' meaning "flesh", and φαγεῖν ' meaning "to eat"; hence ''sarcophagus'' means "flesh-eating", from the phrase ''lithos sarkophagos'' ( λίθος σαρκοφάγος), "flesh-eating stone". The word also came to refer to a particular kind of limestone that was thought to rapidly facilitate the decomposition of the flesh of corpses contained within it due to the chemical properties of the limestone itself. History of the sarcophagus Sarcophagi were most often designed to remain above ground. The earliest stone sarcophagi were used by Egyptian pharaohs of the 3rd dynasty, which reigned from about 2686 to 2613 B.C. The Hagia Triada sarcophagus is a stone sarcophagus elaborately painted in fresco; one style of later A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is called episcopacy. Organizationally, several Christian denominations utilize ecclesiastical structures that call for the position of bishops, while other denominations have dispensed with this office, seeing it as a symbol of power. Bishops have also exercised political authority. Traditionally, bishops claim apostolic succession, a direct historical lineage dating back to the original Twelve Apostles or Saint Paul. The bishops are by doctrine understood as those who possess the full priesthood given by Jesus Christ, and therefore may ordain other clergy, including other bishops. A person ordained as a deacon, priest (i.e. presbyter), and then bishop is understood to hold the fullness of the ministerial priesthood, given responsibility b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelochus
Adelochus (786–823) or Adeloch was the 27th bishop of Strasbourg, successor of Erlehardus, from 817 to 822. He is buried in a Romanesque carved sarcophagus by the Master of Eschau, supported on couchant lions, and carved with figures in a blind arcade with the Saviour flanked by the kneeling bishop and an angel and in the two outermost panels, a man riding a fish and a man strangling two dragons. formerly in a recess in the quire of St. Thomas, Strasbourg.V. Debidour, ''Le bestiare sculpté en France'', 1961, fig. 391, 415. Other illustration: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. He was the preceptor of King Louis the Pious. A village now gone, situated between the Bruche River and Koenigshoffen, a ''quartier'' of Strasbourg, was named Adelshoffen after the bishop in the 9th century. Another Adelochus was Adelochus (Adelog) von Dorstadt, a Bishop of Hildesheim This list records the incumbents of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Hildesheim (german: link=no, Bistum Hildesheim). Between 12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
St Thomas' Church, Strasbourg
St Thomas' Church (french: Église Saint-Thomas, german: Thomaskirche) is a historical building in Strasbourg, eastern France. It is the main Lutheran church of the city since its cathedral became Catholic again after the annexation of the town by France in 1681. It is nicknamed the "Protestant Cathedral" (''la cathédrale du Protestantisme alsacien'', ''Kathedrale der Protestanten'') or the Old Lady (''Die alte Dame''), and the only example of a hall church in the Alsace region. The building is located on the ''Route Romane d'Alsace''. It is classified as a ''Monument historique'' by the French Ministry of Culture since 1862. Its congregation forms part of the Protestant Church of Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine. History The site on which the current church stands was used as a place of worship under the patronage of Thomas the Apostle as early as the sixth century. In the ninth century, Bishop Adelochus established a magnificent church with adjoining school ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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