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March Of Progress
''The March of Progress'', originally titled ''The Road to Homo Sapiens'', is an illustration that presents 25 million years of human evolution. It was created for the ''Early Man'' volume of the '' Life Nature Library'', published in 1965, and drawn by the artist Rudolph Zallinger. It has been viewed as a picture of the discredited theory, orthogenesis, that evolution is progressive. As such, it has been widely parodied and imitated to create images of progress of other kinds. The picture of progress in evolution was anticipated by Thomas Henry Huxley's 1863 ''Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature''. Illustration Context The illustration is part of a section of text and images commissioned by Time-Life Books for the ''Early Man'' volume (1965) of the '' Life Nature Library'', by F. Clark Howell.Howell, F. Clark and the Editors of Time-Life Books (1965), ''Early Man'', New York: TIME-LIFE Books, pp. 41–45. The illustration is a foldout entitled "The Road to Homo Sapie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The March Of Progress
''The March of Progress'', originally titled ''The Road to Homo Sapiens'', is an illustration that presents 25 million years of human evolution. It was created for the ''Early Man'' volume of the '' Life Nature Library'', published in 1965, and drawn by the artist Rudolph Zallinger. It has been viewed as a picture of the discredited theory, orthogenesis, that evolution is progressive. As such, it has been widely parodied and imitated to create images of progress of other kinds. The picture of progress in evolution was anticipated by Thomas Henry Huxley's 1863 ''Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature''. Illustration Context The illustration is part of a section of text and images commissioned by Time-Life Books for the ''Early Man'' volume (1965) of the '' Life Nature Library'', by F. Clark Howell.Howell, F. Clark and the Editors of Time-Life Books (1965), ''Early Man'', New York: TIME-LIFE Books, pp. 41–45. The illustration is a foldout entitled "The Road to Homo Sapien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oreopithecus
''Oreopithecus'' (from the Greek , and , , meaning "hill-ape") is an extinct genus of hominoid primate from the Miocene epoch whose fossils have been found in today's Tuscany and Sardinia in Italy. It existed nine to seven million years ago in the Tusco-Sardinian area when this region was an isolated island in a chain of islands stretching from central Europe to northern Africa in what was becoming the Mediterranean Sea. ''Oreopithecus'' was one of many European immigrants that settled this area in the Vallesian–Turolian transition and one of few hominoids, together with ''Sivapithecus'' in Asia, to survive the so-called Vallesian Crisis. To date, dozens of individuals have been discovered at the Tuscan localities of Montebamboli, Montemassi, Casteani, Ribolla, and, most notably, in the fossil-rich lignite mine in the Baccinello Basin, making it one of the best-represented fossil apes. Evolutionary history ''Oreopithecus bambolii'' was first described by French paleontologi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homo Heidelbergensis
''Homo heidelbergensis'' (also ''H. sapiens heidelbergensis''), sometimes called Heidelbergs, is an extinct species or subspecies of archaic human which existed during the Middle Pleistocene. It was subsumed as a subspecies of ''H. erectus'' in 1950 as ''H. e. heidelbergensis'', but towards the end of the century, it was more widely classified as its own species. It is debated whether or not to constrain ''H. heidelbergensis'' to only Europe or to also include African and Asian specimens, and this is further confounded by the type specimen (Mauer 1) being a jawbone, because jawbones feature few diagnostic traits and are generally missing among Middle Pleistocene specimens. Thus, it is debated if some of these specimens could be split off into their own species or a subspecies of ''H. erectus''. Because the classification is so disputed, the Middle Pleistocene is often called the "muddle in the middle." ''H. heidelbergensis'' is regarded as a chronospecies, evolving from an Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homo Rhodesiensis
''Homo rhodesiensis'' is the species name proposed by Arthur Smith Woodward (1921) to classify Kabwe 1 (the "Kabwe skull" or "Broken Hill skull", also "Rhodesian Man"), a Middle Stone Age fossil recovered from a cave at Broken Hill, or Kabwe, Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia).. In 2020, the skull was dated to 324,000 to 274,000 years ago. Other similar older specimens also exist. ''Homo rhodesiensis'' s.s. appears to have diverged earlier than ''H. heidelbergensis'' s.s. (Mauer)''. H. rhodesiensis'' s.l. is now mostly considered a synonym of ''H. heidelbergensis'' s.l', or perhaps then slightly larger. Other designations such as ''Homo sapiens arcaicus'' and ''Homo sapiens rhodesiensis'' have also been proposed. Fossils A number of morphologically comparable fossil remains came to light in East Africa (Bodo, Ndutu, Eyasi, Ileret) and North Africa (Salé, Rabat, Dar-es-Soltane, Djbel Irhoud, Sidi Aberrahaman, Tighenif) during the 20th century. *Kabwe 1, also called the Broken ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhodesian Man
''Homo rhodesiensis'' is the species name proposed by Arthur Smith Woodward (1921) to classify Kabwe 1 (the "Kabwe skull" or "Broken Hill skull", also "Rhodesian Man"), a Middle Stone Age fossil recovered from a cave at Broken Hill, or Kabwe, Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia).. In 2020, the skull was dated to 324,000 to 274,000 years ago. Other similar older specimens also exist. ''Homo rhodesiensis'' s.s. appears to have diverged earlier than ''H. heidelbergensis'' s.s. (Mauer)''. H. rhodesiensis'' s.l. is now mostly considered a synonym of ''H. heidelbergensis'' s.l', or perhaps then slightly larger. Other designations such as ''Homo sapiens arcaicus'' and ''Homo sapiens rhodesiensis'' have also been proposed. Fossils A number of morphologically comparable fossil remains came to light in East Africa (Bodo, Ndutu, Eyasi, Ileret) and North Africa (Salé, Rabat, Dar-es-Soltane, Djbel Irhoud, Sidi Aberrahaman, Tighenif) during the 20th century. *Kabwe 1, also called the Broken ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solo Man
Solo Man (''Homo erectus soloensis'') is a subspecies of ''H. erectus'' that lived along the Solo River in Java, Indonesia, about 117,000 to 108,000 years ago in the Late Pleistocene. This population is the last known record of the species. It is known from 14 skullcaps, two tibiae, and a piece of the pelvis excavated near the village of Ngandong, and possibly three skulls from Sambungmacan and a skull from Ngawi depending on classification. The Ngandong site was first excavated from 1931 to 1933 under the direction of Willem Frederik Florus Oppenoorth, Carel ter Haar, and Gustav Heinrich Ralph von Koenigswald, but further study was set back by the Great Depression, World War II and the Indonesian War of Independence. In accordance with historical race concepts, Indonesian ''H. erectus'' subspecies were originally classified as the direct ancestors of Aboriginal Australians, but Solo Man is now thought to have no living descendants because the remains far predate moder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montmaurin
Montmaurin () is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area .... Montmaurin has one of the largest and most luxurious Gallo-Roman villas in France. It consisted of over 200 rooms, laid out around a string of three courtyards, and included among its architectural features a Gaulish temple, baths, interior gardens and mosaics which are still visible. Population See also * Communes of the Haute-Garonne department References Communes of Haute-Garonne {{HauteGaronne-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steinheim Skull
The Steinheim skull is a fossilized skull of a ''Homo neanderthalensis'' or ''Homo heidelbergensis'' found on 24 July 1933 near Steinheim an der Murr, Germany. It is estimated to be between 250,000 and 350,000 years old. The skull is slightly flattened and has a cranial capacity between 950 and 1280 cc. Sometimes referred to as ''Homo steinheimensis'' in older literature, the original fossil is housed in the State Museum of Natural History in Stuttgart, Germany. Some believe that the Steinheim skull may have belonged to an adult female due to its gracile nature. Classification The "primitive man of Steinheim" is a single find. The designation "Steinheim skull" can be seen as a reference to the location of the fossil, but in no way identifies with a certain taxon. The skull shows characteristics of both ''H. heidelbergensis'' and Neanderthals. It is therefore classified by most paleoanthropologists to ''H. heidelbergensis'' and is believed to be a transitional form of ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swanscombe Heritage Park
Swanscombe Skull Site or Swanscombe Heritage Park is a geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Swanscombe in north-west Kent, England. It contains two Geological Conservation Review sites and a National Nature Reserve. The park lies in a former gravel quarry, Barnfield Pit. The area was already known for the finds of numerous Palaeolithic-era handaxes—mostly Acheulean and Clactonian artifacts, some as much as 400,000 years old—when in 1935/1936 work at Barnfield Pit uncovered two fossilised skull fragments. These fragments came to be known as the remains of Swanscombe Man but were later found to have belonged to a young woman. The Swanscombe skull has been identified as early Neanderthal or pre-Neanderthal, dating to the Hoxnian Interglacial around 400,000 years ago. The skull fragments were found in the lower middle terrace gravels at a depth of almost 8 metres. They were found by Alvan T. Marston, an amateur archaeologist who visited the pit betwee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Homo Sapiens
Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, and language. Humans are highly social and tend to live in complex social structures composed of many cooperating and competing groups, from families and kinship networks to political states. Social interactions between humans have established a wide variety of values, social norms, and rituals, which bolster human society. Its intelligence and its desire to understand and influence the environment and to explain and manipulate phenomena have motivated humanity's development of science, philosophy, mythology, religion, and other fields of study. Although some scientists equate the term ''humans'' with all members of the genus ''Homo'', in common usage, it generally refers to ''Homo sapiens'', the only extant member. Anatomically modern hum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homo Erectus
''Homo erectus'' (; meaning "upright man") is an extinct species of archaic human from the Pleistocene, with its earliest occurrence about 2 million years ago. Several human species, such as '' H. heidelbergensis'' and '' H. antecessor'' — with the former generally considered to have been the ancestor to Neanderthals, Denisovans, and modern humans — appear to have evolved from ''H. erectus''. Its specimens are among the first recognizable members of the genus ''Homo''. ''H. erectus'' was the first human ancestor to spread throughout Eurasia, with a continental range extending from the Iberian Peninsula to Java. Asian populations of ''H. erectus'' may be ancestral to '' H. floresiensis'' and possibly to '' H. luzonensis''. The last known population of ''H. erectus'' is '' H. e. soloensis'' from Java, around 117,000–108,000 years ago. ''H. erectus'' had a more modern gait and body proportions, and was the first human species to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paranthropus
''Paranthropus'' is a genus of extinct hominin which contains two widely accepted species: ''Paranthropus robustus, P. robustus'' and ''P. boisei''. However, the validity of ''Paranthropus'' is contested, and it is sometimes considered to be synonym (taxonomy), synonymous with ''Australopithecus''. They are also referred to as the robust australopithecines. They lived between approximately 2.6 and 1.2 million years ago (mya) from the end of the Pliocene to the Middle Pleistocene. ''Paranthropus'' is characterised by Robustness (morphology), robust skulls, with a prominent gorilla-like sagittal crest along the midline—which suggest strong chewing muscles—and broad, herbivorous teeth used for grinding. However, they likely preferred soft food over tough and hard food. ''Paranthropus'' species were generalist feeders, but ''P. robustus'' was likely an omnivore, whereas ''P. boisei'' was likely herbivorous and mainly ate bulbotubers. They were bipeds. Despite their robust heads, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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