Maram Naga People
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Maram Naga People
Maram tribe is one of the tribes that form the Naga tribe of Northeast India. The Marams occupy a large portion of Senapati district of Manipur. They are the only tribe of Nagas who did not consume pork in the past; today, with the advent of Christianity, they have started changing their food habit and now almost 99% of the Marams consume pork. The Marams are known for their rich cultural heritage: traditional attire, folk songs, folktales, musical instruments, and so on. There are more than 30 Maram villages scattered in the geographical expanse generally known as the Maram Area. As per the 2001 census, the Maram Nagas numbered about 37,340 in total (Manorama Yearbook 2012, p. 576). According to UNESCO database on endangered languages, the Maram Language was among the list which amounts to only 37,000 number of speakers (based on India Census 2001). These figures, however, need further corroboration. The neighbours of the Maram Nagas are other Naga tribes: to the North are ...
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Maram Language
Maram is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in India. It is taught up to secondary school, and the younger generations are almost fully literate. Locations ''Ethnologue'' reports that Maram is spoken in the following locations. * Senapati district, northern Manipur: 5 villages near Senapati, and 26 villages near Maram *Imphal district, Manipur *Assam Dialects ''Ethnologue ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''Ethnoloɠue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensiv ...'' lists the following dialects of Maram. *Willong Circle *Maram Khullen Circle *T. Khullen *Ngatan References Languages of Assam Languages of Manipur Zeme languages Endangered languages of India {{st-lang-stub ...
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Zeme People
The Zeme people, also known as the Zeme Nagas are the Naga tribe from North Eastern India. Their villages are mostly spread across Peren district in Nagaland; Tamenglong district, Senapati district in Manipur and Dima Hasao district (NC hills) in Assam. Notable people * Armstrong Pame, after his graduation from St.Stephen's college, Delhi in Physics. He wrote UPSC exam and was allocated IAS in 2009. While serving as SDM in Tousem subdivision, Tamenglong district, Manipur. He built 100 km road without Govt fund. * TR Zeliang was a two time Chief Minister of Nagaland * L Lungalang, Former Chief Secretary of Nagaland * N.N. Haralu, Former Indian Ambassador, She served in various capacities in the Ministry of External affair and Indian Foreign Service and retired in 1980 as she reached the pinnacle of her career as an Ambassador of Panama. * Dr. Harielungbe Haralu, First Naga Medical Doctor. * Nini Lungalang, Poet Bibliography * Roy, Babul and A.N.M.I. Ali. "Shifting c ...
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Scheduled Tribes Of Manipur
A schedule or a timetable, as a basic time-management tool, consists of a list of times at which possible tasks, events, or actions are intended to take place, or of a sequence of events in the chronological order in which such things are intended to take place. The process of creating a schedule — deciding how to order these tasks and how to commit resources between the variety of possible tasks — is called scheduling,Ofer Zwikael, John Smyrk, ''Project Management for the Creation of Organisational Value'' (2011), p. 196: "The process is called scheduling, the output from which is a timetable of some form". and a person responsible for making a particular schedule may be called a scheduler. Making and following schedules is an ancient human activity. Some scenarios associate this kind of planning with learning life skills. Schedules are necessary, or at least useful, in situations where individuals need to know what time they must be at a specific location to receive a ...
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Morung
Ethnic youth dormitories are a traditional institution among several ethnic societies of the world including the various ethnic groups of India, the ethnic groups of South-East Asia, and the native Americans. Among many ethics groups, the youth dormitory is a now declining or defunct institution. For example, among several ethnic groups of Northeast India, the traditional dormitories (called ''Morung'') became dysfunctional in the 20th century, with the advent of modern educational institutions and Christianity. However, among some ethnic groups, such as the Nagas, it has continued to exist as a socio-cultural institution. Names Different ethnic groups have different names for their youth dormitories: * Arüju among Aos; the Ao girls slept in a separate house called Tsuki, which was chapreoned by a widow. * Bukumatala in Trobriand Islands * Buonzawl among Hmars * Calpule in Guatemala * Champo among Lothas * Chu or Chupang in the Yangpi village of Nagaland * Dai in Palau * D ...
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Rice
Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice) or less commonly ''Oryza glaberrima ''Oryza glaberrima'', commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species. It was first domesticated and grown in West Africa around 3,000 years ago. In agriculture, it has largely been replaced by higher-yielding Asian r ...'' (African rice). The name wild rice is usually used for species of the genera ''Zizania (genus), Zizania'' and ''Porteresia'', both wild and domesticated, although the term may also be used for primitive or uncultivated varieties of ''Oryza''. As a cereal, cereal grain, domesticated rice is the most widely consumed staple food for over half of the world's World population, human population,Abstract, "Rice feeds more than half the world's population." especially in Asia and Africa. It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production, after sugarcane and maize. Since sizable portions of sugarcane and ma ...
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Stone Erections Of Willong Khullen
In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. Rocks form the Earth's outer solid layer, the crust, and most of its interior, except for the liquid outer core and pockets of magma in the asthenosphere. The study of rocks involves multiple subdisciplines of geology, including petrology and mineralogy. It may be limited to rocks found on Earth, or it may include planetary geology that studies the rocks of other celestial objects. Rocks are usually grouped into three main groups: igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks are formed when magma cools in the Earth's crust, or lava cools on the ground surface or the seabed. Sedimentary rocks are formed by diagenesis and lithification of sediments, which in turn are formed by the weathering, transport, and deposition of existing rocks. M ...
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India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago., "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations average to between 73–55 ka.", "Modern human beings—''Homo sapiens''—originated in Africa. Then, int ...
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Asia
Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Its 4.7 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population. In general terms, Asia is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean, and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. The border of Asia with Europe is a historical and cultural construct, as there is no clear physical and geographical separation between them. It is somewhat arbitrary and has moved since its first conception in classical antiquity. The division of Eurasia into two continents reflects East–West cultural, linguistic, ...
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Agriculture
Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in cities. The history of agriculture began thousands of years ago. After gathering wild grains beginning at least 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers began to plant them around 11,500 years ago. Sheep, goats, pigs and cattle were domesticated over 10,000 years ago. Plants were independently cultivated in at least 11 regions of the world. Industrial agriculture based on large-scale monoculture in the twentieth century came to dominate agricultural output, though about 2 billion people still depended on subsistence agriculture. The major agricultural products can be broadly grouped into foods, fibers, fuels, and raw materials (such as rubber). Food classes include cereals (grains), vegetables, fruits, cooking oils, meat, milk, ...
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Roman Script
The Latin script, also known as Roman script, is an alphabetic writing system based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, derived from a form of the Greek alphabet which was in use in the ancient Greek city of Cumae, in southern Italy (Magna Grecia). It was adopted by the Etruscans and subsequently by the Romans. Several Latin-script alphabets exist, which differ in graphemes, collation and phonetic values from the classical Latin alphabet. The Latin script is the basis of the International Phonetic Alphabet, and the 26 most widespread letters are the letters contained in the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Latin script is the basis for the largest number of alphabets of any writing system and is the most widely adopted writing system in the world. Latin script is used as the standard method of writing for most Western and Central, and some Eastern, European languages as well as many languages in other parts of the world. Name The script is either called Latin script or ...
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Degree Of Endangerment
Degree of endangerment is an evaluation assigned by UNESCO to the languages in the Red Book of Endangered Languages, Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
// UNESCO
Evaluation is given according to nine criteria, the most important of which is the criterion of language transmission between generations.Christopher Moseley, 2010, Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, Paris
UNESCO


Degree of endangerment


References

Language Sociolinguistics Linguistic rights {{ ...
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UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It has 193 member states and 12 associate members, as well as partners in the non-governmental, intergovernmental and private sector. Headquartered at the World Heritage Centre in Paris, France, UNESCO has 53 regional field offices and 199 national commissions that facilitate its global mandate. UNESCO was founded in 1945 as the successor to the League of Nations's International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation.English summary). Its constitution establishes the agency's goals, governing structure, and operating framework. UNESCO's founding mission, which was shaped by the Second World War, is to advance peace, sustainable development and human rights by facilitating collaboration and dialogue among nations. It pursues this objective t ...
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