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Mapui Kawlim
Mapui Kawlim (alias Wingstar) is a superhero appearing in the Indian comic book ''Tinkle''. It was created by Sean D'mello and artist Vineet Nair. It made a debut on the 35th anniversary issue of the comic book, issue number 639 released in November 2015. It is the first superhero from Mizoram, and the first female superhero from northeast India in the series of ''Tinkle''. According to D'mello, the purpose was to "create awareness about the Northeast ortheast India" The name "Mapui" is a popular pet name among the Mizo people. The character originates from Aizawl, the capital city of Mizoram. She acquires super flight and super strength from gadgets developed by her inventor-father. The editor Rajani Thindiath described it as a "reluctant superhero" but "has the potential to be the most iconic female superhero characters in Indian comic history." It was created to promote gender equality with a focus on northeast India where discrimination based on ethnic stereotyping has been an ...
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ACK Media
Amar Chitra Katha (ACK Comics) is an Indian publisher of Indian comics and graphic novels. Most of its comics are based on religious legends and epics, historical figures and biographies, folktales and cultural stories. The company was founded in 1967 by Anant Pai and is headquartered in Mumbai. Creation and influence The comic series was started by Anant Pai in an attempt to teach Indian children about their cultural heritage. He was shocked that Indian students could answer questions on Greek and Roman mythology, but were ignorant of their own history, mythology and folklore. It so happened that a quiz contest aired on '' Doordarshan'' in February 1967, in which participants could easily answer questions pertaining to Greek mythology, but were unable to reply to the question "In the Ramayana, who was Rama's mother?". After quitting Indrajal Comics, Anant Pai started Amar Chitra Katha (ACK) by buying the rights for 10 American fairy tales such as ''Red Riding Hood, Snow Wh ...
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Middle Class
The middle class refers to a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy, often defined by occupation, income, education, or social status. The term has historically been associated with modernity, capitalism and political debate. Common definitions for the middle class range from the middle fifth of individuals on a nation's income ladder, to everyone but the poorest and wealthiest 20%. Theories like "Paradox of Interest" use decile groups and wealth distribution data to determine the size and wealth share of the middle class. From a Marxist standpoint, middle class initially referred to the 'bourgeoisie,' as distinct from nobility. With the development of capitalist societies and further inclusion of the bourgeoisie into the ruling class, middle class has been more closely identified by Marxist scholars with the term 'petite bourgeoisie.' There has been significant global middle-class growth over time. In February 2009, ''The Economist'' asserted that over half of the ...
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The Hindu
''The Hindu'' is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Hindu Group, headquartered in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It began as a weekly in 1878 and became a daily in 1889. It is one of the Indian newspapers of record and the second most circulated English-language newspaper in India, after '' The Times of India''. , ''The Hindu'' is published from 21 locations across 11 states of India. ''The Hindu'' has been a family-owned newspaper since 1905, when it was purchased by S. Kasturi Ranga Iyengar from the original founders. It is now jointly owned by Iyengar's descendants, referred to as the "Kasturi family", who serve as the directors of the holding company. The current chairperson of the group is Malini Parthasarathy, a great-granddaughter of Iyengar. Except for a period of about two years, when S. Varadarajan held the editorship of the newspaper, the editorial positions of the paper were always held by members of the family or held under their direction. Histo ...
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BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world. The department is the world's largest broadcast news organisation and generates about 120 hours of radio and television output each day, as well as online news coverage. The service maintains 50 foreign news bureaus with more than 250 correspondents around the world. Deborah Turness has been the CEO of news and current affairs since September 2022. In 2019, it was reported in an Ofcom report that the BBC spent £136m on news during the period April 2018 to March 2019. BBC News' domestic, global and online news divisions are housed within the largest live newsroom in Europe, in Broadcasting House in central London. Parliamentary coverage is produced and broadcast from studios in London. Through BBC English Regions, the BBC also has regional centres across England and national news c ...
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Kalia The Crow
Kalia the Crow is a cartoon character in the popular Indian monthly comic Tinkle. Kalia is a crow that usually features in strips of the Kalia the Crow series. Chamataka the jackal and his accomplice and friend Doob Doob the crocodile are usually featured desperately trying to catch two rabbits, Keechu and Meechu. However, the rabbits are always saved by the clever Kalia. Kalia also has a friend in the female crow named Bhoori. History Kalia the Crow made his first appearance in comic format in December 1980, in the first issue of Tinkle (No. 1). Luis Fernandes, a former editor of Tinkle magazine, and an integral member of the Tinkle creative team, was the original creator of Kalia. The first artist was Pradeep Sathe. Sathe believed that the cartoonisation of an animal should not result in distortion of the animal's anatomy. This line of thought is current even today. The later artists were Prasad Iyer, C.D. Rane and currently, Juee Rane. Characters Kalia the clever crow, who al ...
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Suppandi
Suppandi is a comic character who appears in Tinkle comics. Suppandi is typically a village simpleton and is still considered the most famous among the characters appearing in Tinkle. Suppandi made his debut in Tinkle No. 27 in January 1983. Unlike other Tinkle characters, he was not originally conceptualized by the creators of the magazine. He was born out of 3 narrative stories sent by P. Varadarajan from Trichy. The concept was rendered into a comic format in Tinkle studios, with illustrations by one of the famous yesteryear artists, Ram Waeerkar. Suppandi is also shown as an ignoramus but a faithful servant to his masters most of the time. His stupidity or his virtue of being an ignoramus has cost him many a job. Often Suppandi is shown living in big towns and cities. Ram Waeerkar carried on drawing for Suppandi till his death in February 2003, after which it is now being taken care of by Ram Waeerkar's daughter, Archana Amberkar. Between 1991 and 1993, and also between 2003 ...
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Shikari Shambu
Shikari Shambu (''Hunter Shambu'') is an Indian comics character created by Vasant Halbe and Luis Fernandes for the ''Tinkle'' magazine in 1983. Shikari Shambu is one of the characters of Tinkle. Shambu is a cowardly and lazy shikari (hunter) whom the rest of the world perceives as courageous. He always tries to run away from dangerous animals, but due to some stroke of luck always ends up as a hero. He lives with his wife Shanti. In ''The Legend of Shikari Shambu'' (Tinkle Magazine No.573), it was revealed that Shambu, before being called "Shikari" Shambu, fell on a tiger and knocked him out. It was after this incident that he got the name "Shikari" Shambu. He is shown wearing a large pith helmet that completely covers his face and green shorts and a shirt. He carries a large rifle which he usually never uses, even in comics he does use his rifle he never killed or shot an animal. Origins By 1988, ''Tinkle'' was already on its way becoming the most popular children's mag ...
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Cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striking the ball bowled at one of the wickets with the bat and then running between the wickets, while the bowling and fielding side tries to prevent this (by preventing the ball from leaving the field, and getting the ball to either wicket) and dismiss each batter (so they are "out"). Means of dismissal include being bowled, when the ball hits the stumps and dislodges the bails, and by the fielding side either catching the ball after it is hit by the bat, but before it hits the ground, or hitting a wicket with the ball before a batter can cross the crease in front of the wicket. When ten batters have been dismissed, the innings ends and the teams swap roles. The game is adjudicated by two umpires, aided by a third umpire and match referee ...
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Ethnic Stereotyping
An ethnic stereotype, racial stereotype or cultural stereotype involves part of a system of beliefs about typical characteristics of members of a given ethnic group, their status, societal and cultural norms. A national stereotype, or national character, does the same for a given nationality. The stereotyping may be used for humor in jokes, and/or may be associated with racism. National stereotypes may relate either to one's own ethnicity/nationality or to a foreign/differing one. Stereotypes about one's own nation may aid in maintaining a national identity due to a collective relatability to a trait or characteristic. Examples According to an article by ''The Guardian'' titled "European Stereotypes: What Do We Think of Each Other and Are We Right?", the Europe stereotype towards Britain is as " drunken, semi-clad hooligans or else snobbish, stiff free marketers", their view towards France is "cowardly, arrogant, chauvinistic, erotomaniacs", and they see Germany as "ube ...
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Tinkle
''Tinkle'' is an Indian fortnightly magazine for children in English, published from Mumbai. Originally owned by the India Book House, the Tinkle brand was acquired by ACK (Amar Chitra Katha) Media in 2007. The magazine contains comics, stories, puzzles, quizzes, contests and other features targeted at school children, although its readership includes many adults as well. It is published in English and syndicated in many Indian languages like Hindi, Bengali, and Malayalam. The magazine was published at a monthly frequency until July 2016 when Tinkle announced its first fortnightly issue. The first issue of ''Tinkle'' was released in November 1980. The magazine carries comics, stories and regular columns of interest to school children. ''Tinkle'' enjoys great popularity in India — , Tinkle had a circulation of 3 lakh copies per issue. It has been an integral part of growing up in India in the last two decades and characters like Suppandi and Shikari Shambu that were creat ...
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Gender Inequality In India
Gender inequality in India refers to the health, education, economic and political inequalities between men and women in India.The Global Gender Gap Report 2013
World Economic Forum, Switzerland
Various international gender inequality indices rank India differently on each of these factors, as well as on a composite basis, and these indices are controversial. , and their social causes, impact India's ,

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Aizawl
Aizawl (; Mizo: ) is the capital of the state of Mizoram in India. Aizawl was officially established on 25 February 1890. With a population of 293,416, it is the largest city in the state. It is also the centre of administration containing all the important government offices, state assembly house and civil secretariat. The population of Aizawl strongly reflects the different communities of the ethnic Mizo people. History In 1871–72, the disorderly conduct of Khalkom, a Mizo chief, compelled the British to establish an outpost that later became the Aizawl village. The post had been established by Suakpuilala, the Chief of Reiek and it was only 14 kilometres from Sairang from where one could travel by flat bottomed boat. In 1890, officer Dally of the Assam Police and his 400 men arrived at Aizawl to support Colonel Skinner's troops during a British military operation against the Mizo tribals. On Dally's recommendation, Aizawl was selected as the site of a fortified post that ...
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