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Maly Trostinets Extermination Camp
Maly Trostenets (Maly Trascianiec, , "Little Trostenets") is a village near Minsk in Belarus, formerly the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. During Nazi Germany's occupation of the area during World War II (when the Germans referred to it as ''Reichskommissariat Ostland''), the village became the location of a Nazi Extermination camp, extermination site. Throughout 1942, Jews from Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia were taken by train to Maly Trostinets to be lined up in front of the pits and were shot. From the summer of 1942, mobile gas vans were also used. According to Yad Vashem, the Minsk Ghetto, Jews of Minsk were murdered and buried in Maly Trostinets and in another village, Bolshoi Trostinets, between 28 and 31 July 1942 and on 21 October 1943. As the Red Army approached the area in June 1944, the Germans murdered most of the prisoners and destroyed the camp. The estimates of how many people were murdered at Maly Tro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maly Trostinets Field Of Burial
Malý or Maly may refer to: People * Arturo Maly (1939–2001), Argentine actor * Dominik Malý (born 1996), Slovak footballer * Gerő Mály (1884–1952), Hungarian actor * Jakub Malý (1811–1885), Czech writer * Josef Malý (1894–1943), Czech gymnast * Joseph Karl Maly (1797–1866), Austrian botanist * Leandro Maly (born 1976), Argentine volleyball player * Matúš Malý (born 2001), Slovak footballer * Michal Malý (born 1987), Czech footballer * Paula Maly (1891–1974), Austrian painter * Petr Malý (born 1984), Czech footballer * Petrok Maly (died c. 1539), Italian architect * Robin Malý (born 1989), Czech ice hockey player * Theodore Maly (1894–1938), Soviet intelligence officer * Ulrich Maly (born 1960), German politician * Václav Malý (born 1950), Czech priest * Vladimír Malý (born 1952), Czech high jumper Places Czech Republic *Malý Beranov, Jihlava District, Vysočina Region *Malý Bor, Klatovy District, Plzeň Region *Malý Újezd, Mělník District, Centr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concentration Camp
Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simply mean imprisonment, it tends to refer to preventive confinement rather than confinement ''after'' having been convicted of some crime. Use of these terms is subject to debate and political sensitivities. The word ''internment'' is also occasionally used to describe a neutral country's practice of detaining belligerent armed forces and equipment on its territory during times of war, under the Hague Convention of 1907. Interned persons may be held in prisons or in facilities known as internment camps (also known as concentration camps). The term ''concentration camp'' originates from the Spanish–Cuban Ten Years' War when Spanish forces detained Cuban civilians in camps in order to more easily combat guerrilla forces. Over the following ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cora Berliner
Cora Berliner (born 23 January 1890 in Hannover, murdered 1942 most likely in Maly Trostenets) was an economist and social scientist and a victim of the Nazi regime. She was a pioneer of social work. Life She was the fifth and youngest child of Jewish business training school director Manfred Berliner. She had the customary education for girls of her class. After graduation as an external student of a boy's secondary school, she studied mathematics, political, and social science at the universities in Berlin and Heidelberg, graduating in 1916 with honors. The theme of her dissertation was "The organization of Jewish youth in Germany: a contribution to the classification of youth care and the youth movement." From 1919 she worked for the municipal government in Berlin-Schöneberg, and from 1910-1924 served as a deputy with the Association of Jewish Youth Clubs, for whom she later served as Business Manager and Executive Director in Heidelberg. There she lectured on the theme "Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonderaktion 1005
' 1005 (, 'Special Action 1005'), also called ''Aktion'' 1005 or ' (, 'Exhumation Action'), was a top-secret Nazi operation conducted from June 1942 to late 1944. The goal of the project was to hide or destroy any evidence of the mass murder that had taken place under Operation Reinhard, the attempted (and largely successful) extermination of all Jews in the General Government occupied zone of Poland. Groups of '' Sonderkommando'' prisoners, officially called ''Leichenkommandos'' ("corpse units"), were forced to exhume mass graves and burn the bodies; inmates were often put in chains to prevent them from escaping. The project was put in place to destroy evidence of the genocide that had been committed by the Order Police battalions and ''Einsatzgruppen'', the German death squads who murdered millions, including more than 1 million Jews, Roma and Slavs. The ''Aktion'' was overseen by selected squads of the ''Sicherheitsdienst'' (SD) and the uniformed Order Police. Operation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maly Trostiniec Ruins
Malý or Maly may refer to: People * Arturo Maly Arturo Maly (September 6, 1939 – May 25, 2001) was a Silver Condor Award–winning Argentine actor. He made over 50 appearances in film and television in Argentina between 1970 and his death in 2001 making his debut in the TV series Esta n ... (1939–2001), Argentine actor * Dominik Malý (born 1996), Slovak footballer * Gerő Mály (1884–1952), Hungarian actor * Jakub Malý (1811–1885), Czech writer * Josef Malý (1894–1943), Czech gymnast * Joseph Karl Maly (1797–1866), Austrian botanist * Leandro Maly (born 1976), Argentine volleyball player * Matúš Malý (born 2001), Slovak footballer * Michal Malý (born 1987), Czech footballer * Paula Maly (1891–1974), Austrian painter * Petr Malý (born 1984), Czech footballer * Petrok Maly (died c. 1539), Italian architect * Robin Malý (born 1989), Czech ice hockey player * Theodore Maly (1894–1938), Soviet intelligence officer * Ulrich Maly (born 1960), German polit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maly Trostiniec Austrian Memorial
Malý or Maly may refer to: People * Arturo Maly (1939–2001), Argentine actor * Dominik Malý (born 1996), Slovak footballer * Gerő Mály (1884–1952), Hungarian actor * Jakub Malý (1811–1885), Czech writer * Josef Malý (1894–1943), Czech gymnast * Joseph Karl Maly (1797–1866), Austrian botanist * Leandro Maly (born 1976), Argentine volleyball player * Matúš Malý (born 2001), Slovak footballer * Michal Malý (born 1987), Czech footballer * Paula Maly (1891–1974), Austrian painter * Petr Malý (born 1984), Czech footballer * Petrok Maly (died c. 1539), Italian architect * Robin Malý (born 1989), Czech ice hockey player * Theodore Maly (1894–1938), Soviet intelligence officer * Ulrich Maly (born 1960), German politician * Václav Malý (born 1950), Czech priest * Vladimír Malý (born 1952), Czech high jumper Places Czech Republic *Malý Beranov, Jihlava District, Vysočina Region *Malý Bor, Klatovy District, Plzeň Region *Malý Újezd, Mělník Dist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Strauch
Eduard Strauch (17 August 1906 – 15 September 1955) was a German Nazi SS functionary, commander of Einsatzkommando 2, commander of two Nazi organizations, the Security Police (German: Sicherheitspolizei), or Sipo, and the Security Service (German: Sicherheitsdienst, or SD), first in Belarus – then called White Russia or White Ruthenia – and later in Belgium. In October 1944, he was transferred to the militarised branch of the SS, the Waffen-SS. Strauch was convicted for crimes against humanity in the Einsatzgruppen Trial and sentenced to death. Extradited to Belgium, he was again convicted and sentenced to death. However, Strauch was not executed since he was supposedly mentally ill. He died in a Belgian hospital in 1955. Life Born in Essen, Strauch first studied theology at the universities of Erlangen (now Erlangen-Nuremberg) and Münster, but changed his course of studies and graduated with a degree in jurisprudence. On 1 August 1931, he joined the Nazi Party (memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extraordinary State Commission
The Extraordinary State Commission for the Establishment and Investigation of the Atrocities of the German Fascist Invaders and Their Accomplices and the Damage They Caused to Citizens, Collective Farms, Public Organizations, State Enterprises and Institutions of the USSR (ChGK) was the state commission of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War (also known as the Eastern Front of World War II). The commission was formed by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on November 2, 1942. The decree stipulated that the task of the ChGK was to "take full account of the villainous crimes of the Nazis and the damage they caused to Soviet citizens and the socialist state, to establish the identity of the German fascist criminals with the aim of bringing them to trial and severe punishment; unification and coordination of the work already carried out by the Soviet state bodies in this area." History The Commission's full ceremonial name was Extraordinary State Commis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mogilev
Mogilev (russian: Могилёв, Mogilyov, ; yi, מאָלעוו, Molev, ) or Mahilyow ( be, Магілёў, Mahilioŭ, ) is a city in eastern Belarus, on the Dnieper River, about from the border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and from the border with Russia's Bryansk Oblast. , its population was 360,918, up from an estimated 106,000 in 1956. It is the administrative centre of Mogilev Region and the third-largest city in Belarus. History The city was first mentioned in historical records in 1267. From the 14th century, it was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and since the Union of Lublin (1569), part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, where it became known as ''Mohylew''. In the 16th-17th centuries, the city flourished as one of the main nodes of the east–west and north–south trading routes. In 1577, Polish King Stefan Batory granted it city rights under Magdeburg law. In 1654, the townsmen negotiated a treaty of surrender to the Russians peacefully, if ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scharführer
''Scharführer'' (, ) was a title or rank used in early 20th Century German military terminology. In German, ''Schar'' was one term for the smallest sub-unit, equivalent to (for example) a "troop" , " squad", or "section". The word ''führer'' simply meant "leader". The term ''Scharführer'' can be traced to World War I, when it was referred to a NCO in charge of several shock troopers, or other special forces soldiers. It was, however, used far more widely by Nazi Party paramilitary organizations, between 1925 and 1945 and became strongly associated with them. Nazi usage ''Scharführer'' is most recognizable as a rank of the SS and title of the SA. ''Scharführer'' was first used as a title in the '' Sturmabteilung'' (SA) as early as 1921 and became an actual rank in 1928. ''Scharführer'' was the first non-commissioned officer rank of the SA, and was denoted by a single pip centered on a collar patch. In 1930, veteran ''Scharführer'' were appointed to the new rank o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltic German
Baltic Germans (german: Deutsch-Balten or , later ) were ethnic German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today are Estonia and Latvia. Since their coerced resettlement in 1939, Baltic Germans have markedly declined as a geographically determined ethnic group. However, it is estimated that several thousand people with some form of (Baltic) German identity still reside in Latvia and Estonia. Since the Middle Ages, native German-speakers formed the majority of merchants and clergy, and the large majority of the local landowning nobility who effectively constituted a ruling class over indigenous Latvian and Estonian non-nobles. By the time a distinct Baltic German ethnic identity began emerging in the 19th century, the majority of self-identifying Baltic Germans were non-nobles belonging mostly to the urban and professional middle class. In the 12th and 13th centuries, Catholic German traders and crusaders (''see '') began settling in the eastern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terezín
Terezín (; german: Theresienstadt) is a town in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,800 inhabitants. It is a former military fortress composed of the citadel and adjacent walled garrison town. The town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument reservations, urban monument reservation. Terezin is most infamously the location of the Nazis' notorious Theresienstadt Ghetto. Administrative parts Villages of České Kopisty, Nové Kopisty and Počaply are administrative parts of Terezín. Geography Terezín is located about south of Litoměřice and southeast of Ústí nad Labem. It lies in a flat landscape of the Lower Eger Table. It is situated on both banks of the Ohře River, near its confluence with the Elbe. The Elbe forms the northern municipal border. History On 10 January 1780, the Habsburg monarchy, Habsburg emperor Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph II order ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
