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Mainland China During The 2019–20 Coronavirus Outbreak
The COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). China was the first country to experience an outbreak of the disease, the first to impose drastic measures in response (including lockdowns and face mask mandates), and one of the first countries to bring the outbreak under control. The 2019–2020 COVID-19 outbreak in mainland China was the first wave of the disease, and was first manifested as a cluster of mysterious pneumonia cases, mostly related to the Huanan Seafood Market, in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province. It was first reported to the local government on 27 December 2019 and published on 31 December. On 8 January 2020, a new coronavirus ( SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the cause of the pneumonia by Chinese scientists. By 29 January, the virus was found to have spread to all provinces of mainland China. By late February, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Case Definition
In epidemiology, a clinical case definition, a clinical definition, or simply a case definition lists the clinical criteria by which public health professionals determine whether a person's illness is included as a ''case'' in an outbreak investigation—that is, whether a person is considered directly affected by an outbreak. Absent an outbreak, case definitions are used in the surveillance of public health in order to categorize those conditions present in a population (e.g., incidence and prevalence). How are they used A case definition defines a case by placing limits on time, person, place, and shared definition with data collection of the phenomenon being studied. Time criteria may include all cases of a disease identified from, for example, January 1, 2008 to March 1, 2008. Person criteria may include age, gender, ethnicity, and clinical characteristics such as symptoms (e.g. cough and fever) and the results of clinical tests (e.g. pneumonia on chest X-ray). Place criteria w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coronavirus
Coronaviruses are a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans and birds, they cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal. Mild illnesses in humans include some cases of the common cold (which is also caused by other viruses, predominantly rhinoviruses), while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS and COVID-19, which is causing the ongoing pandemic. In cows and pigs they cause diarrhea, while in mice they cause hepatitis and encephalomyelitis. Coronaviruses constitute the subfamily ''Orthocoronavirinae'', in the family ''Coronaviridae'', order '' Nidovirales'' and realm '' Riboviria''. They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry. The genome size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 26 to 32 kilobases, one of the largest among RNA viruses. They have characteristic club-shaped spikes that project from their surface, which in electr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-1), the first identified strain of the SARS coronavirus species, ''severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus'' (SARSr-CoV). The first known cases occurred in November 2002, and the syndrome caused the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak. In the 2010s, Chinese scientists traced the virus through the intermediary of Asian palm civets to cave-dwelling horseshoe bats in Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township, Yunnan.The locality was referred to be "a cave in Kunming" in earlier sources because the Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township is administratively part of Kunming, though 70 km apart. Xiyang was identified on * For an earlier interview of the researchers about the locality of the caves, see: SARS was a relatively rare disease; at the end of the epidemic in June 2003, the incidence was 8,469 cases with a case fatality rate (C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Metropolis Daily
Southern Metropolis Daily (SMD) is a for-profit tabloid newspaper located in Guangzhou city, China,Wang, Xiaotong. 2012. "The Comparison Between Newspapers In Hong Kong And Mainland And Its Enlightenment – A Case Study On Apple Daily And Southern Metropolis Daily". 2012 Second International Conference On Business Computing And Global Informatization. and its circulation is throughout the greater Guangdong and Pearl River Delta region. SMD is a constituent of the Nanfang Media Group, which is under the supervision of the Guangdong committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The newspaper publishes daily, with 72 pages and multiple sections relating to consumer products, international affairs, sports, and other topics of the public interest. SMD is best known for its investigative reporting. SMD has been involved in multiple scandals and controversies. Its best-known controversy is the publishing of the 'Sun Zhigang incident' which resulted in the repeal of the force repatria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Li Lanjuan
Li Lanjuan (; born 13 September 1947), also romanized as Lan-Juan Li, is a Chinese epidemiologist and hepatologist. She is a professor at Zhejiang University School of Medicine, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and serves as the director of the State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. She developed Li-NBAL, an artificial liver support system that is used to sustain the lives of people suffering from acute liver failure, and won multiple national awards for her roles in combatting the SARS, H1N1, and H7N9 epidemics. Early life and education Li was born on 13 September 1947 into a poor peasant family in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. She excelled in her studies and tested into Hangzhou High School, a provincial key school. After graduation, she became a middle school substitute teacher in her township. She also studied acupuncture at Zhejiang Chinese Medicine Hospital and performed acupuncture for local elders. Her village later recomme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Influenza A Virus Subtype H7N9
Influenza A virus subtype H7N9 (A/H7N9) is a bird flu strain of the species Influenza virus A (avian influenza virus or bird flu virus). Avian influenza A H7 viruses normally circulate amongst avian populations with some variants known to occasionally infect humans. An H7N9 virus was first reported to have infected humans in March 2013, in China. Cases continued to be reported throughout April and then dropped to only a few cases during the summer months. At the closing of the year, 144 cases had been reported of which 46 had died.WHO: Global Alert and Response: Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus – update (accessed November 7, 2013) It is known that influenza tends to strike during the winter months, and the second wave, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Center For Disease Control And Prevention
The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDC; ) is an institution directly under the National Health Commission, based in Changping District, Beijing, China. Established in 1983, it works to protect public health and safety by providing information to enhance health decisions, and to promote health through partnerships with provincial health departments and other organizations. The CCDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease prevention and control (especially infectious diseases), environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, prevention and education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the People's Republic of China. Operations Shen Hongbing is the current Director of Chinese CDC. The CCDC administers a number of laboratories across China, including the biosafety level 2 facility at the Wuhan Center for Disease Control (sometimes confused with the nearby Wuhan Institute of Virology), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeng Guang
Zeng Guang (; born 22 May 1946) is a Chinese epidemiologist who is a chief scientist and doctoral supervisor at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese CDC). He is a member of the High-level Expert Panel of National Health Commission. Biography Zeng was born in 1946 in the Republic of China. After graduating from Hebei Medical College (now Hebei Medical University), he was in graduate school of Peking Union Medical College, studying for a master's degree in medical science. He was a visiting scholar at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) between 1985 and 1986. In 2003, he served as a consultant for the SARS Prevention and Control Headquarters. In a June 2021 interview with Chinese Communist Party-owned tabloid ''Global Times The ''Global Times'' () is a daily tabloid newspaper under the auspices of the Chinese Communist Party's flagship newspaper, the ''People's Daily'', commenting on international issues from a Chinese ultra-nation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Key Laboratories
The State Key Laboratories () is strong group of university and research institution laboratories receiving funding and administrative support from the central government of the People's Republic of China. These labs often specialize in areas such as: *Chemistry *Mathematics and Physics *Geology *Biotechnology *Information technology * Materials science *Engineering *Medicine According to the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, as of 2017, there are 253 State Key Laboratories approved in China. The following lists the 66 universities with at least one state key laboratory: Most of the universities with SKL are Double First Class Universities approved by the central government of People's Republic of China. As 2021, less than 70 universities in China have at least one State Key Laboratory approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China. See also *List of universities in China *Double First Class University Plan * OpenCourseWare in China *China Open Resources ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yangcheng Evening News
''Yangcheng Evening News'' or ''Ram City Evening News'' (), also known as ''Yangcheng Evening Post'' or ''Ram City Evening Post'', is a Chinese newspaper in the Standard Chinese language, national unified publication number CN44-0006 in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. History The publication of ''Yangcheng Evening Post'' was started on October 1, 1957, in Guangzhou, China. The newspaper was forced to stop publication during the Cultural Revolution and resumed publication on February 15, 1980. Started from May 18, 1998, the paper became among several newspapers published by the Yangcheng Evening News Group. ''Yangcheng Evening Post'' is one of the world's largest circulated newspapers: in 2008, its daily circulation was estimated to be 1,170,000, distributed mainly in the Pearl River Delta area in South China South China () is a geographical and cultural region that covers the southernmost part of China. Its precise meaning varies with context. A notable feature of South China ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timeline Of The SARS Outbreak
A timeline is a display of a list of events in chronological order. It is typically a graphic design showing a long bar labelled with dates paralleling it, and usually contemporaneous events. Timelines can use any suitable scale representing time, suiting the subject and data; many use a linear scale, in which a unit of distance is equal to a set amount of time. This timescale is dependent on the events in the timeline. A timeline of evolution can be over millions of years, whereas a timeline for the day of the September 11 attacks can take place over minutes, and that of an explosion over milliseconds. While many timelines use a linear timescale—especially where very large or small timespans are relevant -- logarithmic timelines entail a logarithmic scale of time; some "hurry up and wait" chronologies are depicted with zoom lens metaphors. History Time and space, particularly the line, are intertwined concepts in human thought. The line is ubiquitous in clocks in the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
