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Lost John's Cave
Lost Johns' Cave is an extensive cave system on Leck Fell, Lancashire, England. With its three major vertical routes (''Dome Route'', ''Centipede Route'' and ''Monastery Route'') it is a popular place to practise single-rope technique (SRT) because of the opportunity for exchange trips. Also it can be safely visited on wet days because many of the pitches can be rigged out of the water. It is an important part of the Three Counties System. All routes converge on Battleaxe Streamway. From here the usual route is to shuffle along ''Battleaxe Traverse'' at a high level protected by rope, and descend a safe distance from the water. From here a short passage and another pitch leads to ''Groundsheet Junction'' where the ''Leck Fell Master Cave'' is entered. Upstream leads to the high-level passages of ''Lyle Cavern'' and a connection with the Notts Pot system. The main streamway continues to the ''NPC Avens'', where Boxhead Pot and It's a Cracker enter the system. Downstream l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leck Fell (1876–1958), Dutch neoplasticist artist
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Leck may refer to: Places * Conwal and Leck, Ireland * Leck, Lancashire, England * Leck, Nordfriesland, Germany * Leck, Virginia, U.S. Persons * Leck (rapper), French rapper of Moroccan origin * Bart van der Leck Bart van der Leck (26 November 1876, Utrecht (city), Utrecht – 13 November 1958, Blaricum) was a Dutch painter, designer, and ceramicist. With Theo van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian he founded the De Stijl art movement. Son of a house painter, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lancashire
Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated Lancs) is the name of a historic county, ceremonial county, and non-metropolitan county in North West England. The boundaries of these three areas differ significantly. The non-metropolitan county of Lancashire was created by the Local Government Act 1972. It is administered by Lancashire County Council, based in Preston, and twelve district councils. Although Lancaster is still considered the county town, Preston is the administrative centre of the non-metropolitan county. The ceremonial county has the same boundaries except that it also includes Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen, which are unitary authorities. The historic county of Lancashire is larger and includes the cities of Manchester and Liverpool as well as the Furness and Cartmel peninsulas, but excludes Bowland area of the West Riding of Yorkshire transferred to the non-metropolitan county in 1974 History Before the county During Roman times the area was part of the Bri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carboniferous Limestone
Carboniferous Limestone is a collective term for the succession of limestones occurring widely throughout Great Britain and Ireland that were deposited during the Dinantian Epoch of the Carboniferous Period. These rocks formed between 363 and 325 million years ago. Within England and Wales, the entire limestone succession, which includes subordinate mudstones and some thin sandstones, is known as the Carboniferous Limestone Supergroup. Depositional basins Within Great Britain the suite of rocks known traditionally as the Carboniferous Limestone Series was deposited as marine sediments in three distinct ‘provinces’ separated by contemporary landmasses. One of these landmasses was the Wales-London-Brabant Massif, an east–west aligned belt of land stretching through central Wales and the English Midlands to East Anglia and on into Belgium. The limestones deposited to its south form a distinct South Wales-Mendip province which extends from Pembrokeshire in the west through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single-rope Technique
Single-rope technique (SRT) is a set of methods used to descend and ascend on the same single rope. Single-rope technique is used in caving, potholing, rock climbing, canyoning, roped access for building maintenance and by arborists for tree climbing, although to avoid confusion in the tree climbing community, many have taken to calling it "stationary" rope technique. Single-rope technique is used in contrast to double-rope technique (DRT), also known as moving-rope technique. Historical developments In the 1930s, as caving became increasingly popular in France, several clubs in the Alps made vertical cave exploration an outdoor sport. During World War II, a team composed of Pierre Chevalier, Fernand Petzl, Charles Petit-Didier and others explored the Dent de Crolles cave system near Grenoble, France, which became the deepest explored cave in the world (-658m) at that time. The lack of available equipment during the war forced Pierre Chevalier and the rest of the team to develo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exchange Trips
Exchange may refer to: Physics *Gas exchange is the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Places United States * Exchange, Indiana, an unincorporated community * Exchange, Missouri, an unincorporated community * Exchange, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * Exchange, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Elsewhere * Exchange Alley, in London, United Kingdom * Exchange District, a historic area in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Business and economy *'' Bureau de change'', a business whose customers exchange one currency for another *Cryptocurrency exchange, a business that allows customers to trade cryptocurrencies or digital currencies. * Digital currency exchangers (a.k.a. DCEs or Bitcoin exchanges), businesses that allow customers to trade digital currencies for other assets, such as conventional fiat money, or different digital currencies *Exchange (economics) * Exchange (organized mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Counties System
The Three Counties System is a set of inter-connected limestone solutional cave systems spanning the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire and North Yorkshire in the north of England. The possibility of connecting a number of discrete cave systems in the area to create a single super-system that spans the county borders was first proposed by Dave Brook in 1968, and it was achieved in 2011. The system is currently over long, making it the longest in the UK and the thirtieth longest in the world, and there continues to be scope for considerably extending the system. Description The Three Counties System's most southerly entrance is currently Large Pot (, NGR SD 6281 7685) on the northerly flank of Kingsdale in North Yorkshire, and the most northerly entrance is currently Bull Pot of the Witches (, NGR SD 6623 8131) beneath Barbon Low Fell in Cumbria – a distance of almost . Between the two, the system passes beneath Ireby Fell and Leck Fell which are in Lancashire. The system runs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notts Pot
Notts Pot is cave system on Leck Fell, Lancashire, England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b .... It is described as 'the most concentrated vertical maze in Britain'. References Caves of Lancashire Caves of the Three Counties System {{caving-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boxhead Pot
Boxhead Pot is a cave on Leck Fell, in Lancashire, England. It leads into the top end of Lost Johns' Cave, and is part of the Three Counties System, an cave system which spans the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire, and North Yorkshire. Description The entrance is in a deep shakehole south of Lost Pot. A vertical pipe leads directly onto the top of a shaft which lands on an unstable boulder ledge. Below that a deep spacious shaft descends to the bottom of one of the two NPC Avens at the top end of Lost Johns' Cave ( Lost Pot enters from the second aven). Geology and hydrology The cave is a solutional cave formed in Visean Great Scar limestone from the Mississippian Series of the Carboniferous period. Its development has been largely determined by a vertical fault and a number of major joints. The streams that flow through the cave originate from small surface sinks, and are the main source of the water that flows through Lost Johns' Master Cave. It eventually emerges from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lost Pot
Lost Pot is a cave on Leck Fell, in Lancashire, England. It leads into the top end of Lost Johns' Cave, and is part of the Three Counties System, an cave system which spans the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire, and North Yorkshire. Description The entrance is in a cliff-lined fenced shakehole. An excavated deep shaft in the south-west corner of the shakehole leads into a chamber, where a further excavated shaft leads down for to an unstable boulder slope above a pitch. This drops into a high rift passage which passes under a high aven where ''It's a Cracker'' enters, and past an outlet passage down which the water flows. At the end of the rift, a small passage is the way through to the top of a pitch which drops into one of the two NPC Avens at the top end of Lost Johns' Cave (Boxhead Pot enters from the second aven). The entrance to Lost Pot is currently sealed. It's a Cracker () is a second entrance situated in a shakehole about south-west of Lost Pot. A deep excavat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rumbling Hole
Rumbling Hole is a cave on Leck Fell, in Lancashire, England. Its entrance is a deep fenced shaft, and it rapidly descends a series of pitches to a low aqueous passage that has been connected to Lost Johns' Cave. It is part of the Three Counties System, an cave system that spans the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire, and North Yorkshire. Description The entrance shaft descends some , and the way on is through the water descending from Rumbling Beck Cave above into a fault passage. Four further pitches descend into a chamber to a low canal passage. Upstream gets too low after some 60 metres, but downstream has been forced round some awkward bends and through some ducks into Rumbling Hole Inlet in Lost Johns' Cave. This section of cave is about long. An alternative route begins from a passage entered a few metres below the west end of the entrance shaft. These passages are, in the main, tighter and more complex than the main route, but the main passage descends an alternative s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Death's Head Hole
Death's Head Hole is a cave on Leck Fell, in Lancashire, England. Its entrance is a deep shaft. It leads into Lost Johns' Cave and is part of the Three Counties System, an cave system which spans the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire, and North Yorkshire. Description The fenced entrance shaft descends some onto a loose boulder slope which leads to a second pitch of into the Main Chamber, a large chamber with a waterfall entering at the east end. An excavated deep scaffolded shaft in the bottom corner of the chamber soon leads into a stream passage some long which ends at a waterfall into the main Lost Johns' Master Cave about from its terminal sump. A climb up the waterfall in the Main Chamber enters East Passage, a well decorated phreatic passage with a misfit stream. It passes under an aven, and eventually lowers to a silted crawl after . The aven has been climbed for to a choked inlet. The stream enters East Passage from a low crawl after , called Dolphin Passage. Thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sump (cave)
A sump, or siphon, is a passage in a cave that is submerged under water. A sump may be static, with no inward or outward flow, or active, with continuous through-flow. Static sumps may also be connected underwater to active stream passage. When short in length, a sump may be called a duck, however this can also refer to a section or passage with some (minimal) airspace above the water. Depending on hydrological factors specific to a cave – such as the sea tide, changes in river flow, or the relationship with the local water table – sumps and ducks may fluctuate in water level and depth (and sometimes in length, due to the shape of adjacent passage). Exploration past a sump Diving Short sumps may be passed simply by holding one's breath while ducking through the submerged section (for example, Sump 1 in Swildon's Hole). This is known as "free diving" and can only be attempted if the sump is known to be short and not technically difficult (e.g. constricted or requiring nav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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