List Of Convict Ship Voyages To Western Australia
Between 1842 and 1849, 234 juvenile offenders were transported to the Colony of Western Australia on seven convict ships. From 1850 to 1868, over 9,000 convicts were transported to the colony on 43 convict ship voyages. Western Australia was classed as a full-fledged penal colony in 1850. Voyages transporting Parkhurst apprentices to Western Australia Parkhurst apprentices were juvenile prisoners from Parkhurst Prison, sentenced to "transportation beyond the seas", but pardoned on arrival at their destination on the conditions that they be "apprenticed" to local employers, and that they not return to England during the original term of their sentence. Between 1842 and 1849, Western Australia accepted 234 Parkhurst apprentices, all males aged between 10 and 21. As Western Australia was not then a penal colony, contemporary documents studiously avoided referring to the prisoners as "convicts", and the ships that brought them were not officially recognised as convict ships there. ...
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Juvenile Delinquency
Juvenile delinquency, also known as juvenile offending, is the act of participating in unlawful behavior as a minor or individual younger than the statutory age of majority. In the United States of America, a juvenile delinquent is a person who commits a crime and is under a specific age. Most states specify a juvenile delinquent as an individual under 18 years of age while a few states have set the maximum age slightly different. In 2021, Michigan, New York, and Vermont raised the maximum age to under 19, and Vermont law was updated again in 2022 to include individuals under the age of 20. Only three states, Georgia, Texas, and Wisconsin still appropriate the age of a juvenile delinquent as someone under the age of 17. While the maximum age in some US states has increased, Japan has lowered the juvenile delinquent age from under 20 to under 18. This change occurred on April 1, 2022 when the Japanese Diet activated a law lowering the age of minor status in the country. Just as ...
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Portsmouth
Portsmouth ( ) is a port and city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire in southern England. The city of Portsmouth has been a unitary authority since 1 April 1997 and is administered by Portsmouth City Council. Portsmouth is the most densely populated city in the United Kingdom, with a population last recorded at 208,100. Portsmouth is located south-west of London and south-east of Southampton. Portsmouth is mostly located on Portsea Island; the only English city not on the mainland of Great Britain. Portsea Island has the third highest population in the British Isles after the islands of Great Britain and Ireland. Portsmouth also forms part of the regional South Hampshire conurbation, which includes the city of Southampton and the boroughs of Eastleigh, Fareham, Gosport, Havant and Waterlooville. Portsmouth is one of the world's best known ports, its history can be traced to Roman times and has been a significant Royal Navy dockyard and base for centuries. Portsm ...
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Dún Laoghaire
Dún Laoghaire ( , ) is a suburban coastal town in Dublin in Ireland. It is the administrative centre of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown. The town was built following the 1816 legislation that allowed the building of a major port to serve Dublin. It was known as Dunleary until it was renamed Kingstown in honour of King George IV's 1821 visit, and in 1920 was given its present name, the original Irish form of Dunleary. Over time, the town became a residential location, a seaside resort and the terminus of Ireland's first railway. Toponymy The town's name means "fort of Laoghaire". This refers to Lóegaire mac Néill (modern spelling: Laoghaire Mac Néill), a 5th century High King of Ireland, who chose the site as a sea base from which to carry out raids on Britain and Gaul. Traces of fortifications from that time have been found on the coast, and some of the stone is kept in the Maritime Museum. The name is officially spelt Dún Laoghaire in modern Irish orthography; sometime ...
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Phoebe Dunbar
Phoebe or Phœbe may refer to: __NOTOC__ People and characters * Phoebe (given name), a list of people, mythological, biblical and fictional characters *Phoebe (Greek myth), several characters * Phoebe, an epithet of Artemis/ Diana and Selene/Luna, in Greek and Roman mythology, the moon goddesses * Phoebe (biblical figure), deacon * Anna Phoebe (born 1981), German-born British violinist Plants and animals * ''Phoebe'' (beetle), a genus of longhorn beetles * Phoebe (bird), the common name for birds of genus ''Sayornis'' * ''Phoebe'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants Ships *''Phoebe'', a sailing ship chartered by the New Zealand Company in 1842 * , various ships * , two minesweepers Other uses * Phoebe (moon), a small outer moon of Saturn * Phoebe (computer), Acorn Computers' never-released successor to the Risc PC * ''Phoebe'' (George Mason University journal), a literary journal published by George Mason University * ''Phoebe'' (State University of New York journal), a gende ...
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London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for two millennia. The City of London, its ancient core and financial centre, was founded by the Romans as '' Londinium'' and retains its medieval boundaries.See also: Independent city § National capitals The City of Westminster, to the west of the City of London, has for centuries hosted the national government and parliament. Since the 19th century, the name "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between the counties of Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which largely comprises Greater London, governed by the Greater London Authority.The Greater London Authority consists of the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. The London Mayor is distinguished fr ...
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Robert Small (ship)
Robert Small may refer to: * Robert Small (minister) (1732–1808), Scottish minister, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, mathematician and astronomer * Robert Small (producer), American entertainment producer * Robert Small (trade unionist) (1873–1918), Scottish trade unionist and socialist activist * Robert Hardy Small (1891–1976), Canadian politician, Member of Parliament for Danforth See also * Robert Smalls Robert Smalls (April 5, 1839 – February 23, 1915) was an American politician, publisher, businessman, and maritime pilot. Born into slavery in Beaufort, South Carolina, he freed himself, his crew, and their families during the American Civil W ...

William Jardine (ship)
William Jardine may refer to: * William Jardine (merchant), Scottish surgeon and merchant, one of the founders of Jardine, Matheson & Co. * Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet (1800–1874), Scottish naturalist * William Marion Jardine (1879–1959), U.S. Secretary of Agriculture (1925–1929), U.S. Ambassador to Egypt (1930–1933) * William Murray Jardine (born 1984), 24th Chief of Clan Jardine * William Jardine, editor of the ''Farmer's Almanac'' See also *William Jardine Smith William Jardine Smith (1834 – 13 January 1884), also known as Jardine Smith, was an Australian writer and editor. Smith was born at Stockwell, near London. In 1852 he emigrated from Liverpool to Melbourne on the iconic steamer SS Great Britain ...

Marion (ship)
Marion may refer to: People *Marion (given name) *Marion (surname) *Marion Silva Fernandes, Brazilian footballer known simply as "Marion" *Marion (singer), Filipino singer-songwriter and pianist Marion Aunor (born 1992) Places Antarctica * Marion Nunataks, Charcot Island Australia * City of Marion, a local government area in South Australia * Marion, South Australia, a suburb of Adelaide ** Marion railway station Cyprus * Marion, Cyprus, an ancient city-state South Africa *Marion Island, one of the Prince Edward Islands United States * Marion, Alabama * Marion, Arkansas * Marion, Connecticut ** Marion Historic District (Cheshire and Southington, Connecticut) * Marion, Georgia * Marion, Illinois * Marion, Indiana, Grant County ** Marion station (Indiana) * Marion, Shelby County, Indiana * Marion, Iowa ** Marion station (Iowa) * Marion, Kansas ** Marion County Lake ** Marion Reservoir * Marion, Kentucky * Marion, Louisiana * Marion, Massachusetts * Marion Station, Maryland, of ...
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Plymouth
Plymouth () is a port city and unitary authority in South West England. It is located on the south coast of Devon, approximately south-west of Exeter and south-west of London. It is bordered by Cornwall to the west and south-west. Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton founded in the ninth century, now called Plymouth. In 1588, an English fleet based in Plymouth intercepted and defeated the Spanish Armada. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony, the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War, the town was held by the Roundhead, Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling ...
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Minden (ship)
The ''Minden'' is a ship built in 1985 as a lifeboat as one of a series of seven rescue cruisers (Seenotkreuzern, SK) of the Deutschen Gesellschaft zur Rettung Schiffbrüchiger (DGzRS, German Sea Rescue Society) in the 23.3 Meter class. The ships were built between 1980 and 1991 by the Schweers shipyard in Berne-Bardenfleth and Abeking & Rasmussen in Lemwerder. Design details The hull of these ships is made of seawater-resistant aluminum, which was built in a net frame system. It is powered by two MTU V10 diesel engines with 2 turbochargers each and fully modulatable Twin Disc MG 530M Omega gearboxes, each of which drives a propeller. The total output is 1944hp. The cruisers are controlled from an upper open control point or from the lower control point in the deckhouse. The cruiser has a daughter boat for rescuing shipwrecked people and for traveling in shallow water, which is carried in a cradle at the stern and can automatically move in and out. The cruiser and daughter boat a ...
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Torbay
Torbay is a borough and unitary authority in Devon, south west England. It is governed by Torbay Council and consists of of land, including the resort towns of Torquay, Paignton and Brixham, located on east-facing Tor Bay, part of Lyme Bay on the English Channel. A popular tourist destination, Torbay's sandy beaches, mild climate and recreational and leisure attractions have given rise to its nickname of the "English Riviera". History Human bones and tools found in Kents Cavern in Torquay show that people have inhabited the Torbay area since Paleolithic times. A maxilla fragment known as Kents Cavern 4 may be the oldest example of a modern human in Europe, dating back to 37,000–40,000 years ago. Roman soldiers are known to have visited Torquay during the period when Britannia formed a part of the Roman Empire; they left offerings at a curious rock formation in Kent's Cavern, known as "The Face". A Roman burial was discovered in 1993 in Paignton. Both Brixham ...
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