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List Of Nepenthes Endophyte Species
(Upper pitcher of ''N. mirabilis'' from Kelantan pictured.) This list of ''Nepenthes'' endophytes is a listing of endophytes recorded from the internal tissues of ''Nepenthes'' pitcher plants; that is, organisms that live within the plants for at least part of their life cycles without causing apparent disease. The endophyte species are listed alphabetically and grouped by genus, family, and phylum. Additional information is included in brackets after the strain designation, namely: the host ''Nepenthes'' species from which the endophyte has been recorded; the geographical source of the record; and the type of tissue sampled. Bacteria Firmicutes ;Bacillaceae *''Bacillus'' **''Bacillus altitudinis'' strain AIMST Nae8 ('' N. ampullaria''; Selangor, Malaysia; stem tissue) **''Bacillus altitudinis'' strain AIMST Nre3 ('' N. rafflesiana''; Selangor, Malaysia; stem tissue) **''Bacillus anthracis'' strain AIMST Nalbe12 ('' N. alba''; Mount Jerai, Kedah, Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Mirabilis Hot Lips
''Nepenthes'' () is a genus of carnivorous plants, also known as tropical pitcher plants, or monkey cups, in the monotypic family Nepenthaceae. The genus includes about 170 species, and numerous natural and many cultivated hybrids. They are mostly liana-forming plants of the Old World tropics, ranging from South China, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines; westward to Madagascar (two species) and the Seychelles (one); southward to Australia (four) and New Caledonia (one); and northward to India (one) and Sri Lanka (one). The greatest diversity occurs on Borneo, Sumatra, and the Philippines, with many endemic species. Many are plants of hot, humid, lowland areas, but the majority are tropical montane plants, receiving warm days but cool to cold, humid nights year round. A few are considered tropical alpine, with cool days and nights near freezing. The name "monkey cups" refers to the fact that monkeys were once thought to drink rainwater from the pitchers. Description ''N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus
''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum ''Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli'' is the name of the class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. ''Bacillus'' species can be either obligate aerobes which are dependent on oxygen, or facultative anaerobes which can survive in the absence of oxygen. Cultured ''Bacillus'' species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. ''Bacillus'' can reduce themselves to oval endospores and can remain in this dormant state for years. The endospore of one species from Morocco is reported to have survived being heated to 420 °C. Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients: the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. They are not true spores (i.e., not an offspring). Endospore formation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Mirabilis
''Nepenthes mirabilis'' (; from Latin ''mirabilis'' "wonderful"), or the common swamp pitcher-plantPhillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. ''Pitcher-Plants of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. and tropical pitcher plant, is a carnivorous plant species. By far the most widespread of all '' Nepenthes'', its range covers continental Southeast Asia and all major islands of the Malay Archipelago (minus the Lesser Sunda Islands and northern Philippines), stretching from China in the north to Australia in the south. The species exhibits great variability throughout its range. One of the more notable varieties, ''N. mirabilis'' var. ''echinostoma'', is endemic to Brunei and Sarawak and possesses an extremely wide peristome.Clarke, C.M. 1997. ''Nepenthes of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. The conservation status of ''N. mirabilis'' is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. In Hong Kong, it is a protected species under Forestry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Gracillima
''Nepenthes gracillima'' (; from the Latin superlative of ''gracilis'' "slender") is a highland ''Nepenthes'' pitcher plant species, native to Peninsular Malaysia. Infraspecific taxa *''Nepenthes gracillima'' f. ''ramispina'' (Ridl.) Hort.Westphal (2000) N. ramispina''">Nepenthes_ramispina.html" ;"title="''Nepenthes ramispina">N. ramispina''*''Nepenthes gracillima'' var. ''maior'' Ridl. (1924) References Further reading * Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous ''Nepenthes'' pitcher plants. ''Journal of Evolutionary Biology'' 25(1): 90–102. * Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. ''The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15. * Kurup, R., A.J. Johnson, S. Sankar, A.A. Hussain, C.S. Kumar & S. Baby 2013. Fluorescent prey traps in carnivorous plants. ''Plant Biol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Cereus
''Bacillus cereus'' is a Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in soil, food, and marine sponges. The specific name, ''cereus'', meaning "waxy" in Latin, refers to the appearance of colonies grown on blood agar. Some strains are harmful to humans and cause foodborne illness due to their spore-forming nature, while other strains can be beneficial as probiotics for animals, and even exhibit mutualism with certain plants. ''B. cereus'' bacteria may be anaerobes or facultative anaerobes, and like other members of the genus ''Bacillus'', can produce protective endospores. They have a wide range of virulence factors, including phospholipase C, cereulide, sphingomyelinase, metalloproteases, and cytotoxin K, many of which are regulated via quorum sensing. ''B. cereus'' strains exhibit flagellar motility. The ''Bacillus cereus'' group comprises seven closely related species: ''B. cereus'' ''sensu stricto'' (referred to herein as ''B. cereus''), '' B. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Gracilis
''Nepenthes gracilis'' (; from Latin: ''gracilis'' "slender"), or the slender pitcher-plant,Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. ''Pitcher-Plants of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. is a common lowland pitcher plant that is widespread in the Sunda region. It has been recorded from Borneo, Cambodia,Mey, F.S. 2016The beautiful ''Nepenthes kampotiana x bokorensis'' ''Strange Fruits: A Garden's Chronicle'', 5 October 2016. Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, and Thailand.McPherson, S.R. 2009. ''Pitcher Plants of the Old World''. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. ''Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sulawesi''. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. Catalano, M. 2010. '' Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio''. Prague. The species has a wide altitudinal distribution of 0 to 1100 m (and perhaps even 1700 m) above sea level, although most populations are found below 100& ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Aryabhattai
''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum ''Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli'' is the name of the class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. ''Bacillus'' species can be either obligate aerobes which are dependent on oxygen, or facultative anaerobes which can survive in the absence of oxygen. Cultured ''Bacillus'' species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. ''Bacillus'' can reduce themselves to oval endospores and can remain in this dormant state for years. The endospore of one species from Morocco is reported to have survived being heated to 420 °C. Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients: the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. They are not true spores (i.e., not an offspring). Endospore formation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Macfarlanei
''Nepenthes macfarlanei'' (; after John Muirhead Macfarlane, botanist) is a carnivorous pitcher plant species endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. It produces attractive red-speckled pitchers. Lower pitchers are ovoid or infundibular in the lower half and globose or cylindrical above and up to 25 cm high. Upper (aerial) pitchers are of a lighter colour with wings reduced to rubs. The lower surface of the lid is densely covered with short, white hairs. This is a characteristic morphological feature of this species, but at present its function is unknown. Natural hybrids The following natural hybrids involving ''N. macfarlanei'' have been recorded. *''N. macfarlanei'' × '' N. ramispina''Clarke, C.M. 2001. ''Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. *''N. macfarlanei'' × '' N. sanguinea'' File:N.Macfarlenai X N.Ramispina.jpg, N.Macfarlanei X N.Ramispina File:N.Macfarlenei X N.Sanguiena.jpg, N.Macfarlanei X N.Sang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Albomarginata
''Nepenthes albomarginata'' is a tropical pitcher plant native to Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra. The specific epithet ''albomarginata'', formed from the Latin words ''albus'' (white) and ''marginatus'' (margin), refers to the white band of trichomes that is characteristic of this species. Botanical history ''Nepenthes albomarginata'' was first collected by Thomas Lobb in 1848. It was formally described a year later by John Lindley in ''The Gardeners' Chronicle''. The species was introduced into cultivation in the United Kingdom in 1856. In the 1996 book ''Pitcher-Plants of Borneo'', ''N. albomarginata'' is given the vernacular name white-collared pitcher-plant.Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. ''Pitcher-Plants of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. This name, along with all others, was dropped from the much-expanded second edition, published in 2008.Phillipps, A., A. Lamb & C.C. Lee 2008. ''Pitcher Plants of Borneo''. Second Edition. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Jerai
Mount Jerai ( ms, Gunung Jerai), formerly Kedah Peak, is a mountain in Kedah, Malaysia with the height of . Within Kedah itself, the mountain stands at the border of Kuala Muda and Yan districts. The mountain is a massive limestone outcrop and is a lone feature from the surrounding geography of the area. There is an information board on top of the mountain stating that it used to be an island called Pulai Serai before the sea levels receded letting it form a mountain. This is probably supported by I Ching's record of Pu Lou Shi (Pulau Sri), a country located west of Sribogha. Mount Jerai is known as the hausberg of the town of Sungai Petani, the district capital of Kuala Muda. See also * List of mountains in Malaysia * Geography of Malaysia The geography of Malaysia includes both the physical and the human geography of Malaysia, a Southeast Asian country made up of two major landmasses separated by water—Peninsular Malaysia to the west and East Malaysia to the east—a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Alba
''Nepenthes alba'' is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.McPherson, S.R. 2009. ''Pitcher Plants of the Old World''. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. The specific epithet ''alba'' is derived from the Latin word ''albus'', meaning "white", and refers to the colour of the upper pitchers. References * McPherson, S. 2009. ''Nepenthes alba'' and ''Nepenthes gracillima''. ''Carnivorous Plant Newsletter'' 38(4): 102–106. * McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. ''Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Peninsular Malaysia and Indochina''. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ''Nepenthes alba'' and ''Nepenthes gracillima''by Stewart McPherson * Meimberg, H. 2002.âMolekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l..Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich. * Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Anthracis
''Bacillus anthracis'' is a gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium that causes anthrax, a deadly disease to livestock and, occasionally, to humans. It is the only permanent ( obligate) pathogen within the genus ''Bacillus''. Its infection is a type of zoonosis, as it is transmitted from animals to humans. It was discovered by a German physician Robert Koch in 1876, and became the first bacterium to be experimentally shown as a pathogen. The discovery was also the first scientific evidence for the germ theory of diseases. ''B. anthracis'' measures about 3 to 5 μm long and 1 to 1.2 μm wide. The reference genome consists of a 5,227,419 bp circular chromosome and two extrachromosomal DNA plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2, of 181,677 and 94,830 bp respectively, which are responsible for the pathogenicity. It forms a protective layer called endospore by which it can remain inactive for many years and suddenly becomes infective under suitable environmental conditions. Because of the resilie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
