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List Of Hokkien Dictionaries
Below is a list of Hokkien dictionaries, also known as Minnan dictionaries or Taiwanese dictionaries, sorted by the date of the release of their first edition. The first two were prepared by foreign Christian missionaries and the third by the Empire of Japan, but the rest were prepared by ethnic Chinese scholars. * '' A Dictionary of the Hok-këèn Dialect of the Chinese Language'' (1832) – Walter Henry Medhurst * ''Chinese–English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, with the Principal Variations of the Chang-chew and Chin-chew Dialects'' (1873) – Carstairs Douglas and Thomas Barclay * ''Comprehensive Taiwanese–Japanese Dictionary''This is a literal translation; sometimes "comprehensive" () is not rendered as part of the English title, or it is translated even more literally as "big". (1931)The first edition of volume one () was released in 1931, but volume two () was not released until 1932. – (; )Later editions, after the fall of Imperial J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ogawa Naoyoshi
Ogawa (written: lit. "small river" or in hiragana) is the 30th most common Japanese surname. Less common variants are (also "small river") or ("tail river"). Notable people with the surname include: *, American poet *, Japanese footballer * Frank H. Ogawa (1917–1994), the first Japanese American to serve on the Oakland, CA City Council * Hiroshi Ogawa (other), several people *, Japanese racing driver *, Japanese cabinet minister *, a Japanese novelist, lyricist and translator, born in 1973 *, Japanese ice hockey player *, Japanese photographer *, Japanese boxer *, Japanese sprinter *, Japanese noted kamikaze pilot * Koki Ogawa (other), multiple people *, retired Japanese army aviator *, Japanese pop singer and actress best known as a former member of Morning Musume *, Japanese television personality and gravure idol *, Japanese chemist *, a.k.a. Shido Nakamura *, Japanese judoka/wrestler/mixed martial artist *, Japanese sailor *, Japanese classical pianis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quanzhou Dialect
The Quanzhou dialects (), also rendered Chin-chew or Choanchew, are a collection of Hokkien dialects spoken in southern Fujian (in southeast China), in the area centered on the city of Quanzhou. Due to migration, various Quanzhou dialects are spoken outside of Quanzhou, notably in Taiwan and many Southeast Asian countries, including Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines. Classification The Quanzhou dialects are classified as Hokkien, a group of Southern Min varieties. In Fujian, the Quanzhou dialects form the northern subgroup () of Southern Min. The dialect of urban Quanzhou is one of the oldest dialects of Southern Min, and along with the urban Zhangzhou dialect, it forms the basis for all modern varieties. When compared with other varieties of Hokkien, the urban Quanzhou dialect has an intelligibility of 87.5% with the Amoy dialect and 79.7% with the urban Zhangzhou dialect. Cultural role Before the 19th century, the dialect of Quanzhou proper was the representative dialect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tn̂g-lâng-jī
Hokkien, a Min Nan variety of Chinese spoken in Southeastern China, Taiwan and Southeast Asia, does not have a unitary standardized writing system, in comparison with the well-developed written forms of Cantonese and Vernacular Chinese (Mandarin). In Taiwan, a standard for Written Hokkien has been developed by the Republic of China Ministry of Education including its Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan, but there are a wide variety of different methods of writing in Vernacular Hokkien. Nevertheless, vernacular works written in the Hokkien are still commonly seen in literature, film, performing arts and music. History Prior to the modern era, the main written language of China was Classical Chinese, which has grammar and vocabulary based on Old Chinese used in ancient times. Whilst the written form of Chinese mostly remained static, the spoken varieties of Chinese diverged from Old Chinese. In the early 20th century, reformers in China saw the need for language reform and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National University Of Singapore
The National University of Singapore (NUS) is a national public research university in Singapore. Founded in 1905 as the Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States Government Medical School, NUS is the oldest autonomous university in the country. It offers degree programmes in a wide range of disciplines at both the undergraduate and postgraduate levels, including in the sciences, medicine and dentistry, design and environment, law, arts and social sciences, engineering, business, computing, and music. NUS is one of the most highly-ranked academic institutions in the world. It has consistently featured in the top 30 of the Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World University Rankings and the Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings, and in the top 100 of the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU). As of 2022-2023, NUS is 11th worldwide according to QS and 19th worldwide according to THE. NUS's main campus is located in the southwestern part of Singapore, adja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hakka
The Hakka (), sometimes also referred to as Hakka Han, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas are a Han Chinese subgroup whose ancestral homes are chiefly in the Hakka-speaking provincial areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhejiang, Hainan, Guizhou in China, as well as in Taoyuan City, Hsinchu County, Miaoli County, Pingtung County, and Kaohsiung City in Taiwan. The Chinese characters for ''Hakka'' () literally mean "guest families". Unlike other Han Chinese subgroups, the Hakkas are not named after a geographical region, e.g. a province, county or city, in China. The word ''Hakka'' or "guest families" is Cantonese in origin and originally refers to the Northern Chinese refugees fleeing social unrest, upheaval and invasions in northern parts of China (such as Gansu and Henan) during the Qin dynasty who then seek refuge in the Cantonese provinces such as Guangdong and Guangxi, thus the original meaning of the word implies that they are guests living in the Cantone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academia Sinica
Academia Sinica (AS, la, 1=Academia Sinica, 3=Chinese Academy; ), headquartered in Nangang, Taipei, is the national academy of Taiwan. Founded in Nanking, the academy supports research activities in a wide variety of disciplines, ranging from mathematical and physical sciences to life sciences, and to humanities and social sciences. As an educational institute, it provides PhD training and scholarship through its English-language Taiwan International Graduate Program in biology, agriculture, chemistry, physics, informatics, and earth and environmental sciences. Academia Sinica is ranked 144th in Nature Publishing Index - 2014 Global Top 200 and 18th in Reuters World's Most Innovative Research Institutions of 2019. The current president since 2016 is James C. Liao, an expert in metabolic engineering, systems biology and synthetic biology. History Academia Sinica, which means "Chinese Academy", was founded in 1928 in Nanking, then capital of the Republic of China, wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GitHub
GitHub, Inc. () is an Internet hosting service for software development and version control using Git. It provides the distributed version control of Git plus access control, bug tracking, software feature requests, task management, continuous integration, and wikis for every project. Headquartered in California, it has been a subsidiary of Microsoft since 2018. It is commonly used to host open source software development projects. As of June 2022, GitHub reported having over 83 million developers and more than 200 million repositories, including at least 28 million public repositories. It is the largest source code host . History GitHub.com Development of the GitHub.com platform began on October 19, 2007. The site was launched in April 2008 by Tom Preston-Werner, Chris Wanstrath, P. J. Hyett and Scott Chacon after it had been made available for a few months prior as a beta release. GitHub has an annual keynote called GitHub Universe. Organizational ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taipei
Taipei (), officially Taipei City, is the capital and a special municipality of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Located in Northern Taiwan, Taipei City is an enclave of the municipality of New Taipei City that sits about southwest of the northern port city of Keelung. Most of the city rests on the Taipei Basin, an ancient lakebed. The basin is bounded by the relatively narrow valleys of the Keelung and Xindian rivers, which join to form the Tamsui River along the city's western border. The city of Taipei is home to an estimated population of 2,646,204 (2019), forming the core part of the Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area, which includes the nearby cities of New Taipei and Keelung with a population of 7,047,559, the 40th most-populous urban area in the world—roughly one-third of Taiwanese citizens live in the metro district. The name "Taipei" can refer either to the whole metropolitan area or just the city itself. Taipei has been the seat of the ROC central government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taiwanese Kana
Taiwanese kana (, Pe̍h-ōe-jī : "tâi oân gí ká biêng", IPA : ) is a katakana-based writing system that was used to write Taiwanese Hokkien (commonly called "Taiwanese") when the island of Taiwan was under Japanese rule. It functioned as a phonetic guide to hanzi, much like furigana in Japanese or Zhuyin fuhao in Chinese. There were similar systems for other languages in Taiwan as well, including Hakka and Formosan languages. The system was imposed by Japan at the time and used in a few dictionaries, as well as textbooks. The Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary, published in 1931–32, is an example. It uses various signs and diacritics to identify sounds that do not exist in Japanese. The system is chiefly based on the Amoy dialect of Hokkien. Through the system, the Office of the Governor-General of Taiwan aimed to help Taiwanese people learn the Japanese language, as well as help Japanese people learn the Taiwanese language. Linguistically speaking, however, the syllabary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taihoku
Taihoku Prefecture (台北州; ''Taihoku-shū'') was an administrative division of Taiwan created in 1920, during Japanese rule. The prefecture consisted of modern-day Keelung, New Taipei City, Taipei and Yilan County. Its government office, which is now occupied by the Control Yuan of Taiwan, was in Taihoku City (modern-day Taipei). Population Population statistics of permanent residents in Taihoku Prefecture in 1941: Administrative divisions Cities and districts There were 3 cities and 9 districts under Taihoku Prefecture. All of the cities (市 ''shi'') name in Chinese characters is carried from Japanese to Chinese. Towns and villages Buildings and establishments Hospitals *Taihoku Imperial University Hospital (台北帝国大学医学部附属病院) *Japanese Red Cross Society Taiwan Branch Hospital (赤十字社台湾支部病院) *Government-General of Taiwan Monopoly Bureau Mutual Aid Association Hospital (台湾総督府専売局共済組合病院) *G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Office Of The Governor-General Of Taiwan
The governor-general of Taiwan ( ja, 臺灣總督, Taiwan Sōtoku) was the head of the Government-General of Taiwan in the Japanese era (including Formosa and the Pescadores) when they were part of the Empire of Japan, from 1895 to 1945. The Japanese governors-general were members of the Diet, civilian officials, Japanese nobles or generals. They exercised their power on behalf of the sovereign of Taiwan (the emperor of Japan) until the dissolution of the empire when the dominion came under administration of the Republic of China and was renounced by Japan. Governors-general Timeline See also * Governor of Formosa * Governor of Taiwan Province * Japanese Governor-General of Korea ** List of Japanese governors-general of Korea * History of Taiwan * Japanese Resident-General of Korea ** List of Japanese residents-general of Korea * List of rulers of Taiwan * Political divisions of Taiwan (1895–1945) * Railway Department of the Office of the Governor-General of Taiwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Âng Ûi-jîn
Ang Ui-jin (; born 16 June 1946) is a Taiwanese linguist. He was the chief architect of the Taiwanese Language Phonetic Alphabet and remains a scholar in the progressive reform and development of Taiwanese Hokkien. Biography Ang Ui-jin obtained his Bachelor's degree in Chinese Studies from Chinese Culture University in 1969 and his Master's degree from the Chinese Language Research Institute of National Taiwan Normal University in 1973. He was persecuted during the White Terror and sentenced to life imprisonment for "crimes of rebellion" () in 1973. Later, he was granted amnesty and released from prison after 6 years and 8 months. He then obtained his Ph.D. from the Language Research Institute of National Tsing Hua University. His research expertises include Min Nan phonetics, dialectology, Chinese phonology, and the sociology of language. He was once a full-time associate professor at Yuan Ze University. He became dean and full-time professor at the Department of Taiwan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
