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List Of First Nations Peoples
The following is a partial list of First Nations peoples of Canada, organized by linguistic-cultural area. It only includes First Nations people, which by definition excludes Metis and Canadian Inuit groups. The areas used here are in accordance to those developed by the ethnologist and linguist Edward Sapir, and used by the Canadian Museum of Civilization. Northwest Coast These people traditionally eat fish, primarily salmon and eulachon from the ocean, as well as fish from lakes and rivers, and roots and berries. Recently discovered clam gardens suggest that they were not limited only to hunting and gathering. They made use of the forests of the Pacific to build dug-out canoes, and houses made of evenly split planks of wood. They used tools made of stone and wood. The native peoples of the Pacific coast also make totem poles, a trait attributed to other tribes as well. In 2000 a land claim was settled between the Nisga'a people of British Columbia and the provincial government, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching , is the world's longest binational land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squamish People
The Squamish people (Squamish language, Squamish: ''Skwxwú7mesh'' , historically transliterated as Sko-ko-mish) are an Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Archaeological evidence shows they have lived in the area for more than a thousand years. In 2012, there was population of 3,893 band members registered with the Squamish Nation. Their language is the Squamish language or ''Sḵwx̱wú7mesh snichim'', considered a part of the Coast Salish languages, and is categorized as Language extinction, nearly extinct with just 10 fluent speakers as of 2010. The traditional territory is in the area now in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, and covers Point Grey as the southern border. From here, it continues northward to Roberts Creek, British Columbia, Roberts Creek on the Sunshine Coast (British Columbia), Sunshine Coast, up the Howe Sound. The northern part includes the Squamish River, Squamish, Cheakamus River, Cheaka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quw'utsun
Quamichan (or Kw’amutsun) is a traditional nation of the Coast Salish people, commonly referred to by the English adaptation of ''Qu'wutsun'' ("warm place") as the Cowichan Indians, or First Nations, of the Cowichan Valley on Vancouver Island, in the area near the city of Duncan, British Columbia. The Quamichan are now part of the Cowichan Tribes band government, along with several other Cowichan-area peoples. History At the start of the colonial era, Quamichan was the largest and wealthiest of the eight Cowichan villages in part due to the fighting prowess of chieftains such as Tzouhalem, who once led a two-day assault on the Hudson's Bay Company's Fort Victoria in 1844. The original name of this village, ''kwómetsen'', means 'humpback' or 'hunchback' and is derived from a character in a Cowichan story, a hunchbacked cannibal-ogress-giantess who 'kept children in a basket and placed pitch over their eyes before she ate them'. The English name is 'Quamichan.' There are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somena
The Somena (or S’amuna’) are one of several Hul̓q̓umín̓um̓-speaking indigenous peoples living in the Cowichan Valley- Duncan region of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The Somena were one of seven tribes or nations that were forced to amalgamate into one "band", named the Cowichan Tribes after their general location, the Cowichan Valley and Cowichan Bay Cowichan Bay () is a bay and community located on the east coast of southern Vancouver Island near Duncan, in British Columbia. The mouth of the Cowichan River is near Cowichan Bay. Mount Tzouhalem and its hiking trails and ecological reserve sta .... The other peoples henceforth known as "the Cowichans" were the Quamichan/Kw’amutsun (the largest cultural group), Clemclemaluts (L’uml’umuluts), Comiaken (Qwum’yiqun’), Khenipsen (Hinupsum), Kilpahlas (Tl’ulpalus), and Koksilah (Hwulqwselu). External links Coast Salish {{BritishColumbia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cowichan Peoples
Cowichan may refer either to: *the Cowichan Tribes First Nation located in and around Duncan, British Columbia *the Cowichan Valley, a region on Vancouver Island centred on Duncan, British Columbia, which contains: ** Cowichan Valley Regional District, a supra-municipal regional government ** Cowichan Lake, a 30 km long body of water **the town of Lake Cowichan ** Cowichan River ** Cowichan Bay, British Columbia, a bay and community. *the Cowichan sweater, a heavy-wool knit animal and geometric patterns made by the women of the Cowichan people. ;British Columbia provincial electoral districts: * Cowichan - 1871-1920 * Cowichan-Alberni, 1894 only *Cowichan-Newcastle 1920 - 1963 *Cowichan-Malahat 1966-1986 *Cowichan-Ladysmith 1991–2005 *Nanaimo-North Cowichan 2009–present ;Canadian federal electoral districts: * Cowichan—Malahat—The Islands 1976 - 1987 * Nanaimo—Cowichan 1987–2015 * Nanaimo—Cowichan—The Islands 1962 - 1976 * Cowichan—Malahat—Langford 201 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanoose First Nation
The Nanoose First Nation, also known the Snaw-naw-as First Nation, is a First Nations government located on central Vancouver Island in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, in the vicinity of the community of Nanoose Bay. They are Coast Salish people, and one of the most northern tribes on the east side of Vancouver Island. They speak Hul’q’umi’num’, which is 1 of 3 branches of the Halkomelem dialect spoken from Nanoose to Oregon. The Snaw-naw-as are named after the sole survivor of a battle in the 1800’s. The name comes from the word “Naus” which means “the way in the harbour”. There are many spelling variants of Snaw-naw-as such as Snonoose, Sno-no-was, Nuas, and Nanooa and Snuwnuwus. The Nanoose First Nation is a member government of the Naut'sa mawt Tribal Council Naut’sa mawt Tribal Council is a First Nations Tribal Council located in British Columbia, Canada, with offices in Tsawwassen and Nanaimo. NmTC advises and assists its 11-member Nations in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snuneymuxw
The Snuneymuxw First Nation (pronounced ) is located in and around the city of Nanaimo on east-central Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The nation previously had also occupied territory along the Fraser River, in British Columbia. Prior to European colonization of the Americas and the creation of Indian reserves in the nineteenth century, this people occupied a wide region of south-central Vancouver Island, where they had lived for more than 5,000 years. Snuneymuxw Territory extended to the Gulf Islands, and the Fraser River in the British Columbia; it was in the centre of Coast Salish territory. Their language is Hul’qumi’num. The Snuneymuxw First Nation operates Newcastle Island Marine Provincial Park. Language The SFN speak the Hul'q'umi'num dialect of Hul’q’umi’num’, Halq'eméylem, hən̓q̓əmin̓əm. This is a Coast Salish language, part of the Salishan language family. According to the Snuneymuxw First Nation Language Needs Assessment re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hwlitsum
The Hwlitsum or Lamalchi or Lamalcha are an indigenous people whose traditional territories were in the Gulf Islands of British Columbia, Canada. Their traditional villages were on Canoe Pass, which is known in their language as Hwlitsum, and on Kuper Island (called by them Lamalchi, another spelling of their name,) Saltspring Island and Galiano Island. The Lamalcha War On 20 April 1863, a shelling of their village on Kuper Island by the Royal Navy's HMS ''Forward'' led to a series of events known as the Lamalcha War or Lamalchi Affair. The reason for the shelling was the colonial authorities of the Colony of Vancouver Island believed the village was home to three men who had killed settlers. The Lamalcha wound up seizing the ship and sold it (Citation needed), leading to the protracted conflict. This episode was the only defeat of the Royal Navy in the era following the Crimean War to the opening of the 20th Century. During the war the Lamalcha evaded capture by various ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halkomelem
Halkomelem (; in the Upriver dialect, in the Island dialect, and in the Downriver dialect) is a language of various First Nations peoples of the British Columbia Coast. It is spoken in what is now British Columbia, ranging from southeastern Vancouver Island from the west shore of Saanich Inlet northward beyond Gabriola Island and Nanaimo to Nanoose Bay and including the Lower Mainland from the Fraser River Delta upriver to Harrison Lake and the lower boundary of the Fraser Canyon. In the classification of Salishan languages, Halkomelem is a member of the Central Salish branch. There are four other branches of the family: Tsamosan, Interior Salish, Bella Coola, and Tillamook. Speakers of the Central and Tsamosan languages are often identified in ethnographic literature as " Coast Salish". The word ''Halkomelem'' is an anglicization for the language Hul'qumi'num, which has three distinct dialect groups: # Hulquminum / Hul'qumi'num (Island dialect) or "Cowichan" (spoken by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klahoose First Nation
The ƛoʔos Klahoose are one of the three groups comprising the ''ʔayʔaǰuθəm'' Tla'Amin or Mainland Comox. The other two divisions of this once-populous group are the χʷɛmaɬku Homalco and Sliammon (which is a corruption of "Tla A'min"). The Klahoose, Homalco and Sliammon are, according to oral tradition, the descendants of the survivors of the Great Flood.Hutchings and Williams 2020 The three groups were split by colonialism into different band councils but united historically as the Tla A'min, known as the Mainland Comox, and K’ómoks, the larger grouping of the Comox people, also known as the Island Comox and before the merger with the Laich-kwil-tach culture (which were known as the Sahtloot). Historically both groups are a subgroup of the Coast Salish though the K’ómoks name is from, and their language today, is the Lik'wala (Southern Kwakiutl) dialect of Kwak'wala. The ancestral tongue is the Comox language, though the Sahtloot/Island dialect is extinct. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homalco
The Homalco First Nation (Comox language: χʷɛmaɬku, also spelled Xwémalhkwu) is a First Nations government located in Bute Inlet near the upper Sunshine Coast of British Columbia, Canada. The Homalco are also known, with their neighbours the Sliammon and Klahoose and the K'ómoks of nearby parts of Vancouver Island, as the Mainland Comox. Their ancestral tongue is the Comox language. The Homalco First Nation is a member government of the Naut'sa mawt Tribal Council. See also *Comox language Comox or Éyɂáɂjuuthem is a Coast Salish language historically spoken in the northern Georgia Strait region, spanning the east coast of Vancouver Island and the northern Sunshine Coast and adjoining inlets and islands. More specifically, ʔay ... References External links Homalco First Nation website [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sliammon
The Tla'amin First Nation (Comox language: ɬəʔamɛn), formerly Sliammon Indian Band or Sliammon First Nation, is a First Nations self governing nation whose lands and traditional territories are located on the upper Sunshine Coast in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. The Tla'amin are closely related to the Klahoose and Homalco peoples and have shared their adjoining territories; formerly all three as well as K'omoks were grouped collectively as the Mainland Comox due to their shared language. They have been part of the Coast Salish indigenous peoples of the western coast of Canada since ancient times. The territory of the Tla'amin people extends from the vicinity of Stillwater and the northern part of Texada Island, northward along the Malaspina and Gifford Peninsulas to the southern area of Homfray Channel and part of Cortes Island, including also the smaller off-shore islands such as Hernando, Savary and Harwood as well as Powell, Goat and Haslam Lakes. Their ancestra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
