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Liberty Legion
The Liberty Legion is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The team was first created in 1976 and set during World War II. Composed of existing heroes from Marvel's 1940s Golden Age of Comic Books predecessor, Timely Comics, the team was assembled and named by writer Roy Thomas in a story arc running through ''The Invaders'' #5–6 (March & May 1976) and ''Marvel Premiere'' #29–30 (April & June 1976). Inspired by the ''Liberty Legion'', a second fictional team called the ''Liberteens'' was published in 2007 as part of the Avengers Initiative. Publication history The genesis of the Marvel Comics superhero team the Liberty Legion came in the 1970s' World War II-set ''The Invaders'', starring a team composed of Captain America, the Sub-Mariner, and the original Human Torch, plus sidekicks Bucky and Toro, all characters that had appeared in Marvel's 1940s predecessor, Timely Comics. ''The Invaders'' #5 (cover-dated March 197 ...
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Red Raven (Marvel Comics)
Red Raven is the name of three separate fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. These characters are the original Red Raven, a flying superhero, who appeared in print once in 1940, then not again until 1968, and occasionally since then; the second Red Raven, named Dania, who is a flying superhero and daughter of the original Red Raven, who first appeared in print in 1992, and occasionally since then; and Redford Raven, a Wild West villain who owned a set of medicine-enchanted wings, was also called Red Raven, and has appeared in print three times, in 1964, 1985, and 1987. Publication history The first Red Raven, created by writer Joe Simon and artist Louis Cazeneuve, first appeared in ''Red Raven Comics'' #1 (cover-dated Aug. 1940), published by Marvel's predecessor, Timely Comics, during the Golden Age of Comic Books. The title was canceled after its premiere issue. When the unnamed character was a baby, his parents were killed when an ai ...
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Jack Kirby
Jack Kirby (born Jacob Kurtzberg; August 28, 1917 – February 6, 1994) was an American comic book artist, writer and editor, widely regarded as one of the medium's major innovators and one of its most prolific and influential creators. He grew up in New York City and learned to draw cartoon figures by tracing characters from comic strips and editorial cartoons. He entered the nascent comics industry in the 1930s, drawing various comics features under different pen names, including Jack Curtiss, before ultimately settling on Jack Kirby. In 1940, he and writer-editor Joe Simon created the highly successful superhero character Captain America for Timely Comics, predecessor of Marvel Comics. During the 1940s, Kirby regularly teamed with Simon, creating numerous characters for that company and for National Comics Publications, later to become DC Comics. After serving in the European Theater in World War II, Kirby produced work for DC Comics, Harvey Comics, Hillman Periodica ...
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Timely Comics
Timely Comics is the common name for the group of corporations that was the earliest comic book arm of American publisher Martin Goodman, and the entity that would evolve by the 1960s to become Marvel Comics. "Timely Publications became the name under which Goodman first published a comic book line. He eventually created a number of companies to publish comics ... but Timely was the name by which Goodman's Golden Age comics were known." "Marvel wasn't always Marvel; in the early 1940s the company was known as Timely Comics, and some covers bore this shield." Founded in 1939, during the era called the Golden Age of comic books, "Timely" was the umbrella name for the comics division of pulp magazine publisher Goodman, whose business strategy involved having a multitude of corporate entities all producing the same product. The company's first publication in 1939 used Timely Publications,Postal indicia in issue, pe''Marvel Comics'' #1 [1st printing] (October 1939)at the Grand ...
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Fifth Column
A fifth column is any group of people who undermine a larger group or nation from within, usually in favor of an enemy group or another nation. According to Harris Mylonas and Scott Radnitz, "fifth columns" are “domestic actors who work to undermine the national interest, in cooperation with external rivals of the state." The activities of a fifth column can be overt or clandestine. Forces gathered in secret can mobilize openly to assist an external attack. This term is also extended to organised actions by military personnel. Clandestine fifth column activities can involve acts of sabotage, disinformation, espionage, and/or terrorism executed within defense lines by secret sympathizers with an external force. Origin The term "fifth column" originated in Spain (originally ''quinta columna'') during the early phase of the Spanish Civil War. It gained popularity in the Loyalist faction media in early October 1936 and immediately started to spread abroad. The exact origin ...
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Axis Powers
The Axis powers, ; it, Potenze dell'Asse ; ja, 枢軸国 ''Sūjikukoku'', group=nb originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies. Its principal members were Nazi Germany, the Kingdom of Italy, and the Empire of Japan. The Axis were united in their opposition to the Allies, but otherwise lacked comparable coordination and ideological cohesion. The Axis grew out of successive diplomatic efforts by Germany, Italy, and Japan to secure their own specific expansionist interests in the mid-1930s. The first step was the protocol signed by Germany and Italy in October 1936, after which Italian leader Benito Mussolini declared that all other European countries would thereafter rotate on the Rome–Berlin axis, thus creating the term "Axis". The following November saw the ratification of the Anti-Comintern Pact, an anti-communist treaty between Germany and Japan; Italy joined the Pact in 1937, followed ...
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Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, Maryland to its south, West Virginia to its southwest, Ohio to its west, Lake Erie and the Canadian province of Ontario to its northwest, New York to its north, and the Delaware River and New Jersey to its east. Pennsylvania is the fifth-most populous state in the nation with over 13 million residents as of 2020. It is the 33rd-largest state by area and ranks ninth among all states in population density. The southeastern Delaware Valley metropolitan area comprises and surrounds Philadelphia, the state's largest and nation's sixth most populous city. Another 2.37 million reside in Greater Pittsburgh in the southwest, centered around Pittsburgh, the state's second-largest and Western Pennsylvania's largest city. The state's sub ...
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TwoMorrows Publishing
TwoMorrows Publishing is a publisher of magazines about comic books, founded in 1994 by John and Pam Morrow out of their small advertising agency in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States. Its products also include books and DVDs. List of magazines TwoMorrows publishes the following magazines: * '' Alter Ego'' * '' Back Issue!'' * ''BrickJournal''TwoMorrows Publishing website - magazines webpage
Retrieved September 20, 2021.
* ''Comic Book Creator'' * '' Draw!'' * ''Jack Kirby Collector'' * ''RetroFan'' Defunct magazines include * ''
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Grand Comics Database
The Grand Comics Database (GCD) is an Internet-based project to build a database of comic book information through user contributions. The GCD project catalogues information on creator credits, story details, reprints, and other information useful to the comic book reader, comic collector, fan, and scholar. The GCD is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization incorporated in Arkansas. History One of the earliest published catalogues of comic books appeared in the 1960s, when Dr. Jerry Bails and Howard Keltner put together some projects to catalogue the comic books of the "Golden Age." These efforts were Dr. Bails' ''The Collector's Guide to the First Heroic Age of Comics'', and ''Howard Keltner's Index to Golden Age Comic Books'', and their collaboration on ''The Authoritative Index to DC Comics.'' The next big step in organizing data about comic books was Robert Overstreet's '' Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide'', which is still being published. This guide is sometimes referred to a ...
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Fin (comics)
The Fin is the name of two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Golden Age Fin has elements of both the swashbuckling pirate and superhero genres. Publication history Stories about the first Fin initially appeared in ''Daring Mystery Comics'' #7-8, (April 1941, Jan.1942) and, in issue #9 (April 1942) as well after the title's name change to ''Comedy Comics''; The Fin was created by Bill Everett. Decades later, a simulacrum of the Fin briefly appeared, along with simulacra of the Blazing Skull, the Patriot, and the Golden Age Angel and Vision, to aid the superhero team the Avengers in ''The Avengers'' #97 (March 1972). In 2004, the Fin was revived by Marvel Comics and appeared as an ally of the Invaders in that team's series ''The New Invaders'' #2-3 (Nov.-Dec. 2004), #6 (March 2005), and #8-9 (May–June 2005). He was in the (unfinished) miniseries All-Winners Squad: Band of Heroes as a member of the Crazy Sues, a unit of Allied m ...
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Cover-date
The cover date of a periodical publication is the date displayed on the cover, which is not necessarily the true date of publication (the on-sale date or release date); later cover dates are common in magazine and comic book publishing. More unusually, ''Le Monde'' is a daily newspaper published the afternoon before its cover date. For some publications, the cover date may not be found on the cover, but rather on an inside jacket or on an interior page. Magazines In the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, the standard practice is to display on magazine covers a date which is some weeks or months in the future from the publishing or release date. There are two reasons for this discrepancy: first, to allow magazines to continue appearing "current" to consumers even after they have been on sale for some time (since not all magazines will be sold immediately), and second, to inform newsstands when an unsold magazine can be removed from the stands and returned to the publis ...
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Toro (comics)
Toro is the name of two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The first Toro was originally featured in Timely Comics and later published as a Marvel Comics superhero who appeared as the partner of the original Human Torch. Publication history The first Toro made his debut in Timely Comics' ''Human Torch Comics'' #2 (premiering fall 1940 with no cover date and as issue #2, having taken over the numbering from the single-issue '' Red Raven''). Toro appeared in numerous comics titles in the 1940s, both during World War II and the post-war era. He starred with Bucky in '' Young Allies Comics'', and made appearances in various issues of '' Kid Comics'', '' Amazing Comics'', '' Complete Comics'', ''Mystic Comics'', '' All-Winners Comics'', and '' Sub-Mariner Comics''. In 1948, however, the Human Torch dropped Toro as a sidekick, picking up with Sun Girl instead. Toro and the Torch later appeared in Atlas' '' Young Men'' #24 (December 1953). ...
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Human Torch (android)
The Human Torch, also known as Jim Hammond (originally, Hamond), is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer-artist Carl Burgos, he first appeared in ''Marvel Comics'' #1 (Oct. 1939), published by Marvel's predecessor, Timely Comics. The "Human" Torch was actually an android created by scientist Phineas Horton. He possessed the ability to surround himself with fire and control flames. In his earliest appearances, he was portrayed as a science fiction monstrosity, but quickly became a hero and adopted a secret identity as a police officer for the New York City Police Department. The Human Torch was one of Timely Comics' three signature characters, along with Captain America and Namor the Sub-Mariner. Like many superheroes, the Human Torch fell into obscurity by the 1950s. In 1961, Stan Lee and Jack Kirby repurposed his name and powers for a new character, Johnny Storm, a member of the Fantastic Four (who was actually a ...
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