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Leuco-fisetinidin
Leucofisetinidin is a flavan-3,4-diol (leucoanthocyanidin), a type of natural phenolic substance. It is the monomer of condensed tannins called profisetinidins. Those tannins can be extracted from the heartwood of ''Acacia mearnsii'' or from the heartwoods of ''Schinopsis balansae'', ''Schinopsis quebrachocolorado'' and from commercial quebracho extract. See also * Fisetinidin Fisetinidin is an anthocyanidin. It has been obtained from the heartwood of ''Acacia mearnsii'', from the bark of '' Rhizophora apiculata'' and can also be synthesized. Fisetinidin is very similar in structure to fisetin, which itself differs in s ... References Leucoanthocyanidins {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acacia Mearnsii
''Acacia mearnsii'', commonly known as black wattle, late black wattle or green wattle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is usually an erect tree with smooth bark, bipinnate leaves and spherical heads of fragrant pale yellow or cream-coloured flowers followed by black to reddish brown pods. In some other parts of the world, it is regarded as an invasive species. Description ''Acacis mearnsii'' is a spreading shrub or erect tree that typically grows to a height of and has smooth bark, sometimes corrugated at the base of old specimens. The leaves are bipinnate with 7 to 31 pairs of pinnae, each with 25 to 78 pairs of pinnules. There is a spherical gland up to below the lowest pair of pinnae. The scented flowers are arranged in spherical heads of twenty to forty and are pale yellow or cream-coloured, the heads on hairy peduncles long. Flowering mainly occurs from October to December and black to reddish-brown ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schinopsis Balansae
''Schinopsis balansae'' is a hardwood tree known as willow-leaf red quebracho which forms forests in the subtropical Humid Chaco ecoregion of north-eastern Argentina, and Paraguay. It is also found in the wild Pantanal vegetation in Brazil. Some of its vernacular names are ''quebracho colorado chaqueño'' and ''quebracho santafesino''. Other species, like ''Schinopsis lorentzii'', bear the general name quebracho and have similar properties and uses. ''S. balansae'' shares its habitat with a species of the same genus, ''S. heterophylla'', and the two are often confused. This tree can reach 24 metres in height and more than one metre in diameter. Its trunk is straight, with a brownish-gray bark. Its wood is extremely heavy (relative density = 1.2). Its main use is the extraction of quebracho extract, which is 63% pure tannin Tannins (or tannoids) are a class of astringent, polyphenolic biomolecules that bind to and precipitate proteins and various other organic comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fisetinidin
Fisetinidin is an anthocyanidin. It has been obtained from the heartwood of ''Acacia mearnsii'', from the bark of ''Rhizophora apiculata'' and can also be synthesized. Fisetinidin is very similar in structure to fisetin, which itself differs in structure from quercetin only by an additional hydroxyl group on the latter. An assay of twenty flavonoids showed fisetinidin to be the least effective in inhibition of CD38 enzyme. Tannins Fisetinidin can compose tannins. The polymers are then called profisetinidin (Porter, 1992). See also * Leuco-fisetinidin * List of compounds with carbon number 15 This is a partial list of molecules that contain 15 carbon Carbon () is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—its atom making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bo ... References Anthocyanidins Catechols {{Aromatic-stub}"> --> Anthocyanidins Catechols {{Aromatic-stub}--> Anthocya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavan-3,4-diol
Leucoanthocyanidin (flavan-3,4-diols) are colorless chemical compounds related to anthocyanidins and anthocyanins. Leucoanthocyanins can be found in ''Anadenanthera peregrina'' and in several species of ''Nepenthes'' including ''Nepenthes burbidgeae, N. burbidgeae'', ''Nepenthes muluensis, N. muluensis'', ''Nepenthes rajah, N. rajah'', ''Nepenthes tentaculata, N. tentaculata'', and ''Nepenthes × alisaputrana, N. × alisaputrana''. Such compounds include: * Leucocyanidin * Leucodelphinidin * Leucofisetinidin * Leucomalvidin * Leucopelargonidin * Leucopeonidin * Leucorobinetinidin * Melacacidin * Teracacidin from ''Acacia obtusifolia'' and ''Acacia maidenii'' heartwoods Leucoanthocyanidins have been demonstrated to be intermediates in anthocyanidin biosynthesis in flowers of ''Matthiola incana''. Edgar Charles Bate-Smith, Bate-smith recommended in 1954 the use of the Forestal solvent for the isolation of leuco-anthocyanins. Metabolism Leucoanthocyanid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Condensed Tannin
Condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins, polyflavonoid tannins, catechol-type tannins, pyrocatecollic type tannins, non-hydrolyzable tannins or flavolans) are polymers formed by the condensation of flavans. They do not contain sugar residues. They are called proanthocyanidins as they yield anthocyanidins when depolymerized under oxidative conditions. Different types of condensed tannins exist, such as the procyanidins, propelargonidins, prodelphinidins, profisetinidins, proteracacinidins, proguibourtinidins or prorobinetidins. All of the above are formed from flavan-3-ols, but flavan-3,4-diols, called (leucoanthocyanidin) also form condensed tannin oligomers, e.g. leuco-fisetinidin form profisetinidin, and flavan-4-ols form condensed tannins, e.g. 3',4',5,7-flavan-4-ol form proluteolinidin (luteoforolor). One particular type of condensed tannin, found in grape, are procyanidins, which are polymers of 2 to 50 (or more) catechin units joined by carbon-carbon bonds. These are not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Profisetinidin
A profisetinidin is a type of condensed tannins formed from leuco-fisetinidin, the leucoanthocyanidin form of fisetinidin. ''Mimosa'' and quebracho tannins are, according to a comparative 13C NMR study of polyflavonoids, found to be predominantly profisetinidin/prorobinetidin-type tannins. The expected masses found in mass spectrometry in quebracho tannin are 561, 833, 1105, 1377, 1393, 1651, 1667. Quebracho also yields gallic acid Gallic acid (also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a trihydroxybenzoic acid with the formula C6 H2( OH)3CO2H. It is classified as a phenolic acid. It is found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants. It i .... References Condensed tannins {{polyphenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schinopsis Quebrachocolorado
Quebracho is a common name in Spanish to describe very hard (density 0.9–1.3) wood tree species. The etymology of the name derived from ''quiebrahacha'', or ''quebrar hacha'', meaning "axe-breaker". Species There are at least three similar commercially important tree species that grow in the Gran Chaco region of South America. * the quebracho ** ''Schinopsis lorentzii'' (Syn.: ''Schinopsis marginata'' Engl., ''Schinopsis haenkeana'' Engl.); of the family Anacardiaceae; North Argentina, Paraguay and Bolivia; (the red quebracho, quebracho), ''quebracho-colorado santiagueño'', ''red quebracho santiagueño'', ''quebracho santiagueño'' (also known as ''quebracho cor(o)nillo'', ''cor(o)nillo'', ''quebracho macho'', ''quebracho negro'' or ''moro'', ''quebracho rojo'', ''quebracho bolí'', ''horco quebracho'', ''quebracho serrano'', ''quebracho montano'', ''quebracho crespo'', ''quebracho del cerro'', ''quebracho colorado de las sierras'' o ''del cerro'' and ''quebracho cordobés ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
