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Leptocybe
''Leptocybe invasa'', the blue gum chalcid wasp or eucalyptus gall wasp, is a chalcid wasp which is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Leptocybe'' in the subfamily Tetrastichinae, of the family Eulophidae. It is a gall wasp which causes the formation of galls on a number of species of ''Eucalyptus'', it was described in 2004 after galls were found in river red gums (''Eucalyptus camaldulensis'') in the Mediterranean and Middle East and has since been found to be a widespread species where its host trees are planted. It is indigenous to Australia. Description This tiny wasp is just over one millimeter in length. Its body is brown with a slight blue to green iridescence. Parts of the legs are yellowish in color. Distribution ''Leptocybe invasa'' is native to Queensland, Australia where its exact distribution has yet to be determined. It has now been found as an invasive species in eucalypts in northern, eastern and southern Africa, Asia, the Pacific Region, Europe as far no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptocybe Invasa (blue Gum Chalcid) Gall On Eucalyptus
''Leptocybe invasa'', the blue gum chalcid wasp or eucalyptus gall wasp, is a chalcid wasp which is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Leptocybe'' in the subfamily Tetrastichinae, of the family Eulophidae. It is a gall wasp which causes the formation of galls on a number of species of ''Eucalyptus'', it was described in 2004 after galls were found in river red gums (''Eucalyptus camaldulensis'') in the Mediterranean and Middle East and has since been found to be a widespread species where its host trees are planted. It is indigenous to Australia. Description This tiny wasp is just over one millimeter in length. Its body is brown with a slight blue to green iridescence. Parts of the legs are yellowish in color. Distribution ''Leptocybe invasa'' is native to Queensland, Australia where its exact distribution has yet to be determined. It has now been found as an invasive species in eucalypts in northern, eastern and southern Africa, Asia, the Pacific Region, Europe as far no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quadrastichus Mendeli
''Quadrastichus'' is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae The Eulophidae are a large family of hymenopteran insects, with over 4,300 described species in some 300 genera. The family includes the genus ''Elasmus'', which used to be treated as a separate family, "Elasmidae", and is now treated as a subf .... Species include '' Quadrastichus erythrinae'' and '' Quadrastichus mendeli''. References External links Key to Nearctic eulophid genera Eulophidae {{Eulophidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrastichinae
Tetrastichinae is a subfamily of the chalcid wasp family Eulophidae. It is one of the largest subfamilies of the Eulophidae containing over 100 genera and nearly 3,000 species. The species of the family Tetrastichinae are found in almost any type of terrestrial habitat and have a worldwide distribution, except Antarctica. They show a varied biology and hosts for Tetrastichinae wasps have been identified from over 100 different insect families, across 10 different orders and they have also been recorded as being parasitoids on nematodes, mites and spiders' eggs. Some species are even phytophagous, while others are inquilines and yet others are gall formers. Biology The Tetrastichinae contains species which are mainly parasitic, although some species are known to be phytophages. Phytophagy has so far been shown to be secondary, especially in species in which the larvae are inquilines with gall forming insects and primary phytophagy has not been demonstrated. Endoparasitism is more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gall
Galls (from the Latin , 'oak-apple') or ''cecidia'' (from the Greek , anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants, fungi, or animals. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls are often highly organized structures so that the cause of the gall can often be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to some insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology. In human pathology, a gall is a raised sore on the skin, usually caused by chafing or rubbing. Causes of plant galls Insects and mites Insect galls are the highly distinctive plant structures formed by some herbivorous insects as their own microhabitats. They are plant tissue which is controlled by the insect. Galls act as both the habitat a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eucalyptus
''Eucalyptus'' () is a genus of over seven hundred species of flowering trees, shrubs or mallees in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. Along with several other genera in the tribe Eucalypteae, including '' Corymbia'', they are commonly known as eucalypts. Plants in the genus ''Eucalyptus'' have bark that is either smooth, fibrous, hard or stringy, leaves with oil glands, and sepals and petals that are fused to form a "cap" or operculum over the stamens. The fruit is a woody capsule commonly referred to as a "gumnut". Most species of ''Eucalyptus'' are native to Australia, and every state and territory has representative species. About three-quarters of Australian forests are eucalypt forests. Wildfire is a feature of the Australian landscape and many eucalypt species are adapted to fire, and resprout after fire or have seeds which survive fire. A few species are native to islands north of Australia and a smaller number are only found outside the continent. Eucalypts have been grow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chalcid Wasp
Chalcid wasps (, , for their metallic colour) are insects within the superfamily Chalcidoidea, part of the order Hymenoptera. The superfamily contains some 22,500 known species, and an estimated total diversity of more than 500,000 species, meaning the vast majority have yet to be discovered and described. The name "chalcid" is often confused with the name "chalcidid", though the latter refers strictly to one constituent family, the Chalcididae, rather than the superfamily as a whole; accordingly, most recent publications (e.g.,) use the name "chalcidoid" when referring to members of the superfamily. Most chalcid wasps are parasitoids of other insects, though other life styles are known, with the herbivorous fig wasps acting as pollinators. Various species are used as biological pest control agents or in scientific research. Description Chalcidoids are generally small wasps, averaging 1.5 mm in length and usually being less than 3 mm. The body is often metallic in colour. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eucalyptus Tereticornis
''Eucalyptus tereticornis'', commonly known as forest red gum, blue gum or red irongum, is a species of tree that is native to eastern Australia and southern New Guinea. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, nine or eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit. Description ''Eucalyptus tereticornis'' is a tree that typically grows to a height of and forms a lignotuber. The trunk is straight, usually unbranched for more than half of the total height of the tree and has a girth of up to dbh. Thereafter, limbs are unusually steeply inclined for a ''Eucalyptus'' species. The bark is shed in irregular sheets, resulting in a smooth trunk surface coloured in patches of white, grey and blue, corresponding to areas that shed their bark at different times. Young plants and coppice regrowth have dull bluish green, egg-shaped leaves that are long and wide. Adult leaves are the same shade of green on both sides, lance-shaped to curved, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eucalyptus Viminalis
''Eucalyptus viminalis'', commonly known as the manna gum, white gum or ribbon gum, is a species of small to very tall tree that is Endemism, endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has smooth bark, sometimes with rough bark near the base, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, white flowers and cup-shaped or hemispherical fruit. Description ''Eucalyptus viminalis'' is a tree that typically grows to a height of , sometimes to , and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth, often powdery, white to pale brown bark that is shed in long ribbons, sometimes hanging on the upper branches, and sometimes with rough, fibrous bark on the lower trunk. Young plants and coppice regrowth have Sessility (botany), sessile, lance-shaped to curved or oblong leaves long, wide and arranged in opposite pairs. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, the same shade of green on both sides, lance-shaped to curved, long and wide, tapering to a Petiole (botany), petiole lon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biological Control
Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, such as insects, mites, weeds, and plant diseases, using other organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role. It can be an important component of integrated pest management (IPM) programs. There are three basic strategies for biological pest control: classical (importation), where a natural enemy of a pest is introduced in the hope of achieving control; inductive (augmentation), in which a large population of natural enemies are administered for quick pest control; and inoculative (conservation), in which measures are taken to maintain natural enemies through regular reestablishment. Natural enemies of insect pests, also known as biological control agents, include predators, parasitoids, pathogens, and competitors. Biological control agents of plant diseases are most often referred to as antagonists. Biologic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megastigmus Viggianii
''Megastigmus'' is a genus of minute wasps. There are more than 134 described species, more than half of which undergo larval development within the seeds of trees and shrubs. List of species * '' Megastigmus acaciae'' Noble, 1939 * '' Megastigmus aculeatus'' (Swederus, 1795) * '' Megastigmus adelaidensis'' Girault, 1915 * '' Megastigmus amamoori'' Girault, 1925 * '' Megastigmus amicorum'' Boucek, 1969 * '' Megastigmus asteri'' Ashmead, 1900 * '' Megastigmus atedius'' Walker, 1851 * '' Megastigmus ater'' (Girault, 1927) * '' Megastigmus banksiae'' (Girault, 1929) * '' Megastigmus bipunctatus'' (Swederus, 1795) * '' Megastigmus borriesi'' Crosby, 1913 * '' Megastigmus borus'' Walker, 1839 * '' Megastigmus brachychitoni'' Froggatt, 1905 * '' Megastigmus brachyscelidis'' Ashmead, 1900 * '' Megastigmus brevicaudis'' Ratzeburg, 1852 * '' Megastigmus brevivalvus'' (Girault, 1926) * '' Megastigmus cecili'' Girault, 1929 * '' Megastigmus copelandi'' Roques & Copeland, 2016 * '' Megastigm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aprostocetus Causalis
''Aprostocetus'' is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae. The genus was erected by John O. Westwood in 1833. This very large group (about 800 described species) of parasitoid wasps has a global distribution. Species Widespread species *''A. antiguensis'' – Caribbean, Florida **A parasitoid recorded on the coccid scale insect '' Ceroplastes floridensis'' and the tischeriid moth '' Tischeria heliopsisella'' *''A. asthenogmus'' – Palaearctic, North Africa, Indomalaya, Seychelles, Caribbean **A parasitoid of blattid cockroaches of the genus ''Periplaneta'' *''A. beatus'' – Australia (Queensland), Oceania, southern Africa **A parasitoid of various bugs – members of the families Cicadellidae, Delphacidae and Tropiduchidae are recorded as hosts *''A. bruzzonis'' – Holarctic **A parasitoid of tortoise beetles of the genus '' Cassida'' *''A. ceroplastae'' -Holarctic, Near East and also introduced into parts of Africa and Australia for biocontro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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