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Lupaca
The Lupaca, Lupaka, or Lupaqa people were one of the divisions of the ancestral Aymaras. The Lupaca lived for many centuries near Lake Titicaca in Peru and their lands possibly extended into Bolivia. The Lupacas and other Aymara peoples formed powerful kingdoms after the collapse of the Tiwanaku Empire in the 11th century. In the mid 15th century they were conquered by the Inca Empire and in the 1530s came under the control of the Spanish Empire. The residence of the pre-Inca kings of Lupaca was probably what is today the archaeological site of Cutimbo. The capital of the Inca province was Chucuito, presently a village of the same name where the archaeological site of Inca Uyu is located. History The Lupaca occupied seven urban centers, all of them present day cities and villages in the Puno region of Peru: Chucuito, Acora, Ilave, Juli, Pomata, Yunguyo and Zepita. The Lupaca were incorporated into the growing Inca Empire by the emperor Pachacuti (reigned 1438-1471). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colla Kingdom
The Colla, Qolla or Qulla Kingdom was established in the northwestern basin of the Titicaca, one of the Aymara kingdoms that occupied part of the Collao plateau after the fall of Tiwanaku. In the mid-15th century the Collas possessed a vast territory, one of the largest of the Aymara kingdoms, which at the time the 9th Sapan Inka Pachakutiq Yupanqui Qhapaq the Intipchurin ("son of the sun"), conquered along with other political entities in the region. The Inca empire named the Qullasuyo or Colla Region towards a larger region than the original Colla Kingdom, as the Aymara kingdoms with strong cultural ties between them were called by the Incas with the collective term of "Colla" as it was for them the most significant of them all. Organization The Qulla were organized into two regions (Quechua and Aymara: '' Suyu''): Urcosuyu (''Urco'': male, fire) and Umasuyu (''Uma'': female, water). Their capital was Hatunqulla, i.e. "Colla, the Great" located 34 km north of Puno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cutimbo
Cutimbo (possibly from Quechua for giant armadillo)Fabián Potosí C. et al., ''Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador: Kichwa Yachakukkunapa Shimiyuk Kamu, Runa Shimi - Mishu Shimi, Mishu Shimi - Runa Shimi''. Quito (DINEIB, Ecuador) 2009. (Kichwa-Spanish dictionary), p. 86. ''kutimpu: armadillo grande''. is an archaeological site with stone tombs (''chullpa'') and cave paintings in Peru. It is located in the Puno Region, Puno Province, Pichacani District. The site was declared a National Cultural Heritage ''(Patrimonio Cultural)'' of Peru by the National Institute of Culture. See also * Inca Uyo * Inka Tunuwiri * Kenko, Puno * Mallkuamaya * Molloko Molloko (possibly from Aymara for round, round head and swirl)see: ''mulluq'u'' (2) and ''cabeza redonda'' is an archaeological site in Peru. It is located in the Puno Region, Puno Province, Acora District, about 5 km south of the town of A ... References Archaeological sites in Puno Region Archaeological sites in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puno Region
Puno () is a department and region in southeastern Peru. It is the fifth largest department in Peru, after Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto. It is bordered by Bolivia on the east, the departments of Madre de Dios on the north, Cusco and Arequipa on the west, Moquegua on the southwest, and Tacna on the south. Its capital is the city of Puno, which is located on Lake Titicaca in the geographical region known as the Altiplano or high sierra. Puno was the territory of the Tiahuanacos (800 A.D. – 1200 A.D.), who were the highest cultural expression of the Aymara people who established themselves in what is today Peru and Bolivia. The Incas took over these lands in the fifteenth century, and the Spanish, attracted by the mining industry developed there, left an important Colonial legacy throughout the entire area. Geography The department of Puno is located in the Collao Plateau. The western part of Lake Titicaca, which is the world's highest navigable lake, is locate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aymara People
Aymara may refer to: Languages and people * Aymaran languages, the second most widespread Andean language ** Aymara language, the main language within that family ** Central Aymara, the other surviving branch of the Aymara(n) family, which today includes only the endangered Jaqaru/Kawki language * Aymara people, the native ethnic group identified with the speakers of Altiplano Aymara Culture * ''Corazón Aymara'' (English: ''Aymara Heart''), 1925 Bolivian silent feature film directed by Pedro Sambarino * Grupo Aymara, Bolivian folk troupe of traditional music of pre-Hispanic and contemporary music of the Andes * Socialist Aymara Group (Spanish: ''Grupo Aymara Socialista''), left-wing indigenous political group in Bolivia Places * Aymaraes Province, the largest of seven provinces of the Apurímac Region in Peru * Aymara Lupaca Reserved Zone, a protected area in southeastern Peru Nature * ''Aymaramyia'', genus of crane bird found in Peru * ''Aymaratherium'', genus of extinct sloth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Intermediate Period
This is a chart of cultural periods of Peru and the Andean Region developed by John Rowe and Edward Lanning and used by some archaeologists studying the area. An alternative dating system was developed by Luis Lumbreras and provides different dates for some archaeological finds. Most of the cultures of the Late Horizon and some of the cultures of the Late Intermediate joined the Inca Empire by 1493, but the period ends in 1532 because that marks the fall of the Inca Empire after the Spanish conquest. Most of the cut-off years mark either an end of a severe drought or the beginning of one. These marked a shift of the most productive farming to or from the mountains, and tended to mark the end of one culture and the rise of another. The more recent findings concerning the Norte Chico civilization are not included on this list, as it was compiled before the site at Caral was investigated in detail. See also *Ancient Peru * Amazonas before the Inca Empire *The Pre-Incan Lost Pyram ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuzco
Cusco, often spelled Cuzco (; qu, Qusqu ()), is a city in Southeastern Peru near the Urubamba Valley of the Andes mountain range. It is the capital of the Cusco Region and of the Cusco Province. The city is the seventh most populous in Peru; in 2017, it had a population of 428,450. Its elevation is around . The city was the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th century until the 16th-century Spanish conquest. In 1983, Cusco was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO with the title "City of Cuzco". It has become a major tourist destination, hosting nearly 2 million visitors a year. The Constitution of Peru (1993) designates it as the Historical Capital of Peru. Spelling and etymology The indigenous name of this city is . Although the name was used in Southern Quechua, its origin is found in the Aymara language. The word is derived from the phrase ('rock of the owl'), related to the city's foundation myth of the Ayar siblings. According to this legend, Ayar Awqa () ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitma
Mitma was a policy of forced resettlement employed by the Incas. It involved the forceful migration of groups of extended families or ethnic groups from their home territory to lands recently conquered by the Incas. The objective was to transfer both loyalty to the state and a cultural baggage of Inca culture such as language, technology, economic and other resources into areas that were in transition. The term ''mitma'' is a Quechua word meaning "sprinkle, distribute, spread". The term comes from the Quechua word "mitmat", which meant “man moved, transported” or “outsider”. It is related to another Inca word, "mit'a", which means labor taken in turns and is descended from the Quechua verb "mitmay". The Spanish also adopted the term "mit'a", and adapted the word to mean forced native labor during the Spanish colonial rule. This policy moved entire communities hundreds of kilometers to create enclaves of settlers called ''mitmaqkuna''. This policy was used over a long period ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uru People
The Uru or Uros ( ure, Qhas Qut suñi) are an indigenous people of Bolivia. They live on an approximate and still growing 120 self-fashioned floating islands in Lake Titicaca near Puno. They form three main groups: the Uru-Chipaya, Uru-Murato, and Uru-Iruito. The Uru-Iruito still inhabit the Bolivian side of Lake Titicaca and the Desaguadero River. History According to legend, the Uru descend from a people that spoke the Puquina language. However, while most of the Uru have shifted to Aymara and Spanish, as few as two people still spoke in 2004 the nearly extinct Uru language which is actually closely related to the Chipaya language. The Uru considered themselves the owners of the lake and water. According to the legend, Uru used to say that they had black blood, because they did not feel the cold. They historically called themselves ''Lupihaques'', "sons of the Sun". Although the Uru language is nearly extinct, the Uru continue to maintain their identity and some old custom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quipu
''Quipu'' (also spelled ''khipu'') are recording devices fashioned from strings historically used by a number of cultures in the region of Andean South America. A ''quipu'' usually consisted of cotton or camelid fiber strings. The Inca people used them for collecting data and keeping records, monitoring tax obligations, collecting census records, calendrical information, and for military organization. The cords stored numeric and other values encoded as knots, often in a base ten positional system. A ''quipu'' could have only a few or thousands of cords. The configuration of the ''quipus'' has been "compared to string mops." Archaeological evidence has also shown the use of finely carved wood as a supplemental, and perhaps sturdier, base to which the color-coded cords would be attached. A relatively small number have survived. Objects that can be identified unambiguously as ''quipus'' first appear in the archaeological record in the first millennium AD (though debated quipus ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hernando Pizarro
Hernando Pizarro y de Vargas (; born between 1501 and 1508, died 1578) was a Spanish conquistador and one of the Pizarro brothers who ruled over Peru. Hernando was born in Trujillo, (Extremadura), Spain, son of Captain Gonzalo Pizarro y Rodríguez de Aguilar (senior) (1446–1522) – who as colonel of infantry served in the Italian campaigns under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, and in Navarre, with some distinction – and wife Isabel de Vargas. Pizarro Brothers As one of the Pizarro brothers, he was related to Francisco, Juan, and Gonzalo Pizarro.Prescott, W.H., 2011, The History of the Conquest of Peru, Digireads.com Publishing, He had two full sisters, Inés Pizarro y de Vargas and Isabel Pizarro y de Vargas, married to Gonzalo de Tapia. Through his father, he was a second cousin of Hernán Cortés.Machado, J. T. Montalvão, ''Dos Pizarros de Espanha aos de Portugal e Brasil'', Author's Edition, 1st Edition, Lisbon, 1972. Inca Empire Starting in 1532 and succeed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diálogo Andino
''Diálogo Andino'', subtitled ''Revista de Historia, Geografía y Cultura Andina'', is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering history, ethnohistory, cultural geography, and ethnography with particular, but not exclusive, focus on the Andean region. The journal was established in 1982 and is published by the Departamento de Ciencias Históricas y Geográficas of the University of Tarapacá. The editor-in-chief is Rodrigo Ruz Zagal (University of Tarapacá). Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in ERIH PLUS, Latindex, and Scopus Scopus is Elsevier's abstract and citation database launched in 2004. Scopus covers nearly 36,377 titles (22,794 active titles and 13,583 inactive titles) from approximately 11,678 publishers, of which 34,346 are peer-reviewed journals in top-l .... References External links * Ethnography journals History of the Americas journals Academic journals published by universities of Chile Publications established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zepita
Zepita is a town in the Chucuito Province south of Lake Titicaca in the Puno Region, Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f .... {{coord, 16, 30, S, 69, 06, W, region:PE_type:city, display=title Populated places in the Puno Region ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
