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Ludwig Refinger
Ludwig Refinger (sometimes Reffinger, born c. 1515, died in Munich 1549) was a German Northern renaissance painter. Life and works Refinger began his career as an apprentice to Wolfgang Mielich, and then started working with Barthel Beham. He received commissions by the Duke of Bavaria, William IV in 1537 and 1540. He contributed three pictures to a history cycle commissioned by the Duke. After Beham's death in 1540, he married his widow. In 1542 he again received a ducal commission, this time by Louis X to paint ceilings and design stained glass windows for the Landshut Residence The Landshut Residence (German:Stadtresidenz Landshut) is a palace in Landshut, Lower Bavaria. History In 1536 Louis X, Duke of Bavaria laid the foundation stone for a new residence in the inner city of Landshut. It was begun in German Renaiss .... His paintings show similarities to those of Barthel Beham and Hans Schöpfer the Elder, as well as influences from Italian art from the beginning of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horatius Cocles Stopping King Porsenna's Army Outside Rome (Ludwig Refinger) - Nationalmuseum - 17244
Horatius may refer to: People Roman era * several ancient Roman men of the '' gens Horatia'', including: ** Quintus Horatius Flaccus, the poet known in English as Horace ** one of the Horatii, three members of the ''gens Horatia'' who fought to the death against the Curiatii ** Marcus Horatius Pulvillus, consul in 509 and 507 BC ** Horatius Cocles, hero who defended the Sublician Bridge ** Marcus Horatius Barbatus, consul in 449 BC Post-Roman era *Horatius Acquaviva d'Aragona (d.1617), an Italian prelate *Horatius Paulijn (1644-1691), a Dutch painter * Horatius Sebastiani (1771-1851), a French soldier and diplomat * Horatius Bonar (1808–1889), a Scottish churchman and poet * Horatius "H.H." Coleman (1892-1969), an American church pastor * Horatius Murray (1903-1989), a British Army General Fictional characters * Horatius Faversham, a character in the radio series '' The Penny Dreadfuls Present...'' Literature *a poem in the ''Lays of Ancient Rome'' by Thomas Babington Macaul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by population, third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, and thus the largest which does not constitute its own state, as well as the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 11th-largest city in the European Union. The Munich Metropolitan Region, city's metropolitan region is home to 6 million people. Straddling the banks of the River Isar (a tributary of the Danube) north of the Northern Limestone Alps, Bavarian Alps, Munich is the seat of the Bavarian Regierungsbezirk, administrative region of Upper Bavaria, while being the population density, most densely populated municipality in Germany (4,500 people per km2). Munich is the second-largest city in the Bavarian dialects, Bavarian dialect area, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German People
, native_name_lang = de , region1 = , pop1 = 72,650,269 , region2 = , pop2 = 534,000 , region3 = , pop3 = 157,000 3,322,405 , region4 = , pop4 = 21,000 3,000,000 , region5 = , pop5 = 125,000 982,226 , region6 = , pop6 = 900,000 , region7 = , pop7 = 142,000 840,000 , region8 = , pop8 = 9,000 500,000 , region9 = , pop9 = 357,000 , region10 = , pop10 = 310,000 , region11 = , pop11 = 36,000 250,000 , region12 = , pop12 = 25,000 200,000 , region13 = , pop13 = 233,000 , region14 = , pop14 = 211,000 , region15 = , pop15 = 203,000 , region16 = , pop16 = 201,000 , region17 = , pop17 = 101,000 148,00 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Renaissance
The Northern Renaissance was the Renaissance that occurred in Europe north of the Alps. From the last years of the 15th century, its Renaissance spread around Europe. Called the Northern Renaissance because it occurred north of the Italian Renaissance, this period became the German, French, English, Low Countries, Polish Renaissances and in turn other national and localized movements, each with different attributes. In France, King Francis I imported Italian art, commissioned Italian artists (including Leonardo da Vinci), and built grand palaces at great expense, starting the French Renaissance. Trade and commerce in cities like Bruges in the 15th century and Antwerp in the 16th increased cultural exchange between Italy and the Low Countries, however in art, and especially architecture, late Gothic influences remained present until the arrival of Baroque even as painters increasingly drew on Italian models. Universities and the printed book helped spread the spirit of the age ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barthel Beham
Barthel Beham (or Bartel)With manother variants/ref> (1502–1540) was a German engraver, miniaturist, and painter. Biography The younger brother of Hans Sebald Beham, he was born into a family of artists in Nuremberg. Learning his art from his elder brother, and Albrecht Dürer, he was particularly active as an engraver during the 1520s, creating tiny works of magnificent detail, positioning him in the German printmaking school known as the "Little Masters". He was also fascinated with antiquity and may have worked with Marcantonio Raimondi in Bologna and Rome at some time in his career. In 1525, along with his brother and Georg Pencz, the so-called "godless painters", he was banished from Lutheran Nuremberg for asserting his disbelief in baptism, Christ, or transubstantiation. Although later pardoned, he moved to Catholic Munich to work for the Bavarian dukes William IV and Ludwig X. Whilst there, his exceptional talent established him as one of Germany's principal portrait p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William IV, Duke Of Bavaria
William IV (german: Wilhelm IV; 13 November 1493 – 7 March 1550) was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria. He was born in Munich to Albert IV and Kunigunde of Austria, a daughter of Emperor Frederick III. Political activity Though his father had determined the everlasting succession of the firstborn prince in 1506, his younger brother Louis refused a spiritual career with the argument that he was born before the edict became valid. With support of his mother and the States-General, Louis forced William to accept him as co-regent in 1516. Louis then ruled the districts of Landshut and Straubing, in general in concord with his brother. William initially sympathized with the Reformation but changed his mind as it grew more popular in Bavaria. In 1522 William issued the first Bavarian religion mandate, banning the promulgation of Martin Luther's works. After an agreement with Pope Clement VII in 1524 William be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis X, Duke Of Bavaria
Louis X (German: Ludwig X, Herzog von Bayern), ( Grünwald, 18 September 1495 – 22 April 1545 in Landshut) was Duke of Bavaria (1516–1545), together with his older brother William IV, Duke of Bavaria. His parents were Albert IV and Kunigunde of Austria, a daughter of Emperor Frederick III. Biography Though his father had determined the everlasting succession of only the firstborn prince in 1506, Louis as a second-born son refused a spiritual career with the argument that he was born before the edict became valid. With support of his mother and the States-General, Louis forced his elder brother William IV to accept him as co-regent in 1516. Louis then ruled the districts of Landshut and Straubing, in general concord with his brother. In 1516, he refurnished the medieval Trausnitz Castle in Landshut decorating it in the south German Renaissance style. Like his elder brother, he first showed sympathy for the Protestant Reformation but decided to take action against its expa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stained Glass
Stained glass is coloured glass as a material or works created from it. Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant religious buildings. Although traditionally made in flat panels and used as windows, the creations of modern stained glass artists also include three-dimensional structures and sculpture. Modern vernacular usage has often extended the term "stained glass" to include domestic lead light and ''objets d'art'' created from foil glasswork exemplified in the famous lamps of Louis Comfort Tiffany. As a material ''stained glass'' is glass that has been coloured by adding metallic salts during its manufacture, and usually then further decorating it in various ways. The coloured glass is crafted into ''stained glass windows'' in which small pieces of glass are arranged to form patterns or pictures, held together (traditionally) by strips of lead and supported by a rigid frame. Painte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landshut Residence
The Landshut Residence (German:Stadtresidenz Landshut) is a palace in Landshut, Lower Bavaria. History In 1536 Louis X, Duke of Bavaria laid the foundation stone for a new residence in the inner city of Landshut. It was begun in German Renaissance style under the architect Bernhard Zwitzel from Augsburg; this palace is today known as the "German building" (in German: ''Deutscher Bau''). During a journey to Italy the duke got the inspiration for an additional palace. Behind the German building, close to the river Isar, the so-called "Italian building" (in German: ''Italienischer Bau'') was constructed from 1537 to 1543 in Italian Renaissance style with a spacious courtyard and the palace chapel. It was modeled in particular after the Palazzo Te in Mantua, and was the first Italian style palace erected north of the Alps. Both buildings were connected by two wings. The paintings in the rooms were created by the Germans Hermanus Posthumus, Hans Bocksberger the Elder and Ludwig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Schöpfer The Elder
Hans Schöpfer the Elder (c. 1505 – 1569, Munich) was a German portrait painter. Life and work He may have originated in Nuremberg. In 1520, he is documented as an apprentice in the workshop of Wolfgang Muelich, father of the portrait painter Hans Muelich. He left there in 1525 and, in 1531, is listed as a member of the Munich Painter's Guild, of which he became president in 1538. In between, he was one of several painters who worked with Jörg Breu the Elder to create a series of panel paintings depicting virtuous men and women from the Bible and Roman history. by Pia Cuneo @ Google Books He was employed by William IV, Duke of Bavaria, and painted a series of portraits of Ladies of the Court for Archduchess Anna of Austria, Archduchess An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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