|
Long Baseline Acoustic Positioning System
A long baseline (LBL) acoustic positioning system is one of three broad classes of underwater acoustic positioning systems that are used to track underwater vehicles and divers. The other two classes are ultra short baseline systems (USBL) and short baseline systems (SBL). LBL systems are unique in that they use networks of sea-floor mounted baseline transponders as reference points for navigation. These are generally deployed around the perimeter of a work site. The LBL technique results in very high positioning accuracy and position stability that is independent of water depth. It is generally better than 1-meter and can reach a few centimeters accuracy. LBL systems are generally employed for precision underwater survey work where the accuracy or position stability of ship-based (SBL, USBL) positioning systems does not suffice. Operation and performance Long baseline systems determine the position of a vehicle or diver by acoustically measuring the distance from a vehicl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LBL Acoustic Positioning System Aquamap Diver , a one-day classic cycling race in Belgium
{{disambig ...
LBL can mean: * Laidback Luke, Dutch Music Producer/DJ * Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, formerly Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory * Liberal Mid-America Regional Airport, IATA code LBL * Long base line sonar * Landsforeningen for Bøsser og Lesbiske, former name of LGBT Danmark * Layer by layer, a thin film fabrication technique * Layer by Layer, a Rubik's cube solving technique * London Borough of Lambeth * London Borough of Lewisham Sports * Latvian Basketball League * Lech Basket Liga * Liège–Bastogne–Liège Liège–Bastogne–Liège , also known as ''La Doyenne'' ("The Old Lady"), is a one-day classic cycling race in Belgium.Cycling Weekly, UK, 13 March 1993 First run in 1892, it is the oldest of the five ''Cycling monument, Monuments'' of the Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Underwater Acoustic Positioning System
An underwater acoustic positioning system is a system for the tracking and navigation of underwater vehicles or divers by means of acoustic distance and/or direction measurements, and subsequent position triangulation. Underwater acoustic positioning systems are commonly used in a wide variety of underwater work, including oil and gas exploration, ocean sciences, salvage operations, marine archaeology, law enforcement and military activities. Method of operation The general method of operation of an acoustic positioning system is descried for an example of a long baseline (LBL) positioning system for a ROV Baseline station deployment and survey Acoustic positioning systems measure positions relative to a framework of baseline stations, which must be deployed prior to operations. In the case of a long-baseline (LBL) system, a set of three or more baseline transponders are deployed on the sea floor. The location of the baseline transponders either relative to each other or in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ultra-short Baseline
USBL (ultra-short baseline, also known as SSBL for super short base line) is a method of underwater acoustic positioning. A USBL system consists of a transceiver, which is mounted on a pole under a ship, and a transponder or responder on the seafloor, on a towfish, or on an ROV. A computer, or "topside unit", is used to calculate a position from the ranges and bearings measured by the transceiver. Mechanism An acoustic pulse is transmitted by the transceiver and detected by the subsea transponder, which replies with its own acoustic pulse. This return pulse is detected by the shipboard transceiver. The time from the transmission of the initial acoustic pulse until the reply is detected is measured by the USBL system and is converted into a range. To calculate a subsea position, the USBL calculates both a range and an angle from the transceiver to the subsea beacon. Angles are measured by the transceiver, which contains an array of transducers. The transceiver head normally c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Thresher (SSN-593)
USS ''Thresher'' (SSN-593) was the lead boat of Permit-class submarine, her class of nuclear-powered attack submarines in the United States Navy. She was the U.S. Navy's USS Thresher (SS-200), second submarine to be named after the thresher shark. On 10 April 1963, ''Thresher'' sank during deep-diving tests about east of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, killing all 129 crew and shipyard personnel aboard. Her loss was a watershed for the U.S. Navy, leading to the implementation of a rigorous submarine safety program known as SUBSAFE. The first List of sunken nuclear submarines, nuclear submarine lost at sea, ''Thresher'' was also the third of four submarines lost with more than 100 people aboard, the others being the French ''French submarine Surcouf, Surcouf'', sinking with 130 personnel in 1942, USS Argonaut (SM-1), USS ''Argonaut'', lost with 102 aboard in 1943, and Russian ''Kursk submarine disaster, Kursk'', which sank with 118 aboard in 2000. Significance of design and loss Crea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USNS Mizar (T-AGOR-11)
USNS ''Mizar'' (MA-48/T-AGOR-11/T-AK-272) was a vessel of the United States Navy. She was named after the star Mizar. Cargo ship ''Mizar'' was built as a small ice-strengthened, double hull, cargo ship of the ''Eltanin'' class on a Maritime Administration type (C1-ME2-13a) hull, by Avondale Marine Ways, Inc. from January 1957. She entered service on March 7, 1958, and served as part of the Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS), working around Canada and Greenland, with a single voyage to Antarctica in 1961. Naval Research Laboratory The loss of the on April 10, 1963, and problems handling heavy search equipment over the side from in 1963 drove the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) requirement for a larger, more capable ship than the usual oceanographic research type. A search for a candidate ship, capable of being modified for an inboard center well, led to selection of ''Mizar'' in late 1963. In 1964 ''Mizar's'' successful search for the sunken submarine, before modifi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathyscaphe Trieste
''Trieste'' is a Swiss-designed, Italian-built deep-diving research bathyscaphe. In 1960, it became the first crewed vessel to reach the bottom of Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench, the deepest point in Earth's seabed. The mission was the final goal for Project Nekton, a series of dives conducted by the United States Navy in the Pacific Ocean near Guam. The vessel was piloted by Swiss oceanographer Jacques Piccard and US Navy lieutenant Don Walsh. They reached a depth of about . The bathyscaphe was designed by Swiss scientist Auguste Piccard, the father of pilot Jacques Piccard. It was built in Italy and first launched in 1953. The vessel was first owned and operated by the French Navy until it was purchased by the US Navy in 1958. It was taken out of service in 1966. Since the 1980s, it has been on exhibit in the National Museum of the United States Navy in Washington, D.C. Design ''Trieste'' was designed by the Swiss scientist Auguste Piccard, based on his previous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ohio-class Submarine Launches Tomahawk Cruise Missiles (artist Concept)
The ''Ohio'' class of nuclear-powered submarines includes the United States Navy's 14 ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) and its 4 cruise missile submarines (SSGNs). Each displacing 18,750 tons submerged, the ''Ohio''-class boats are the largest submarines ever built for the U.S. Navy and are capable of carrying 24 Trident II missiles apiece. They are also the third-largest submarines ever built, behind the Russian Navy's Soviet era 48,000-ton , the last of which was retired in 2023, and 24,000-ton . Like their predecessors the and es, the ''Ohio''-class SSBNs are part of the United States' nuclear-deterrent triad, along with U.S. Air Force strategic bombers and intercontinental ballistic missiles. The 14 SSBNs together carry about half of U.S. active strategic thermonuclear warheads. Although the Trident missiles have no preset targets when the submarines go on patrol, they can be given targets quickly, from the United States Strategic Command based in Nebraska, using secu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LGM-118 Peacekeeper
The LGM-118 Peacekeeper, originally known as the MX for "Missile, Experimental", was a Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle, MIRV-capable intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) produced and deployed by the United States from 1986 to 2005. The missile could carry up to eleven Mark 21 Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle, reentry vehicles (although treaties limited its actual payload to ten), each armed with a 300-kiloton W87 thermonuclear weapon, warhead. Initial plans called for building and deploying 100 MX ICBMs, but budgetary concerns limited the final procurement; only 50 entered service. Disarmament treaties signed after the Peacekeeper's development led to its withdrawal from service in 2005. Studies on the underlying concept started in the 1960s. The idea was to allow the US to absorb a sneak attack by the USSR with enough warheads surviving to attack the remaining Soviet missile silos. To do so, the missiles had to be highly accurate, be based ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navigation
Navigation is a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the motion, movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.Bowditch, 2003:799. The field of navigation includes four general categories: land navigation, marine navigation, air navigation, aeronautic navigation, and space navigation. It is also the term of art used for the specialized knowledge used by navigators to perform navigation tasks. All navigational techniques involve locating the navigator's Position (geometry), position compared to known locations or patterns. Navigation, in a broader sense, can refer to any skill or study that involves the determination of position and Relative direction, direction. In this sense, navigation includes orienteering and pedestrian navigation. For marine navigation, this involves the safe movement of ships, boats and other nautical craft either on or underneath the water using positions from navigation equipment with appropriate nautical char ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surveying
Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the land, terrestrial Plane (mathematics), two-dimensional or Three-dimensional space#In Euclidean geometry, three-dimensional positions of Point (geometry), points and the Euclidean distance, distances and angles between them. These points are usually on the surface of the Earth, and they are often used to establish maps and boundaries for ownership, locations, such as the designated positions of structural components for construction or the surface location of subsurface features, or other purposes required by government or civil law, such as property sales. A professional in land surveying is called a land surveyor. Surveyors work with elements of geodesy, geometry, trigonometry, regression analysis, physics, engineering, metrology, programming languages, and the law. They use equipment, such as total stations, robotic total stations, theodolites, Satellite navigation, GNSS receivers, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
