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Lithotelestidae
Lithotelestidae is a family of coral in the order Helioporacea. It was erected in 1977 by Frederick Bayer and Katherine Muzik. It is characterized by a crystalline aragonite skeleton formed by stolons and calices, cylindrical calices with secondary lateral calices, and fully retractable polyps with an exoskeleton An exoskeleton (from Greek ''éxō'' "outer" and ''skeletós'' "skeleton") is an external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body, in contrast to an internal skeleton (endoskeleton) in for example, a human. In usage, some of the ... formed of calcite capstans and crosses. Genera *'' Epiphaxum'' Lonsdale, 1850Lonsdale, W. (1850). Notes on the corals. In Dixon, F. (Ed.), ''The Geology and Fossils of the Tertiary and Cretaceous Formations of Sussex'' (pp. 237–324). London: Brown, Green, and Longmans. *'' Nanipora'' Miyazaki & Reimer, 2015Miyazaki, Y. & Reimer, J. (2015). A new genus and species of octocoral with aragonite calcium-carbonate skeleton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithotelestidae
Lithotelestidae is a family of coral in the order Helioporacea. It was erected in 1977 by Frederick Bayer and Katherine Muzik. It is characterized by a crystalline aragonite skeleton formed by stolons and calices, cylindrical calices with secondary lateral calices, and fully retractable polyps with an exoskeleton An exoskeleton (from Greek ''éxō'' "outer" and ''skeletós'' "skeleton") is an external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body, in contrast to an internal skeleton (endoskeleton) in for example, a human. In usage, some of the ... formed of calcite capstans and crosses. Genera *'' Epiphaxum'' Lonsdale, 1850Lonsdale, W. (1850). Notes on the corals. In Dixon, F. (Ed.), ''The Geology and Fossils of the Tertiary and Cretaceous Formations of Sussex'' (pp. 237–324). London: Brown, Green, and Longmans. *'' Nanipora'' Miyazaki & Reimer, 2015Miyazaki, Y. & Reimer, J. (2015). A new genus and species of octocoral with aragonite calcium-carbonate skeleton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanipora Kamurai
''Nanipora'' is a monotypic genus of cnidarian in the family Lithotelestidae. It consists of one species, ''Nanipora kamurai''. Discovery ''Nanipora kamurai'' was first discovered in a public swimming area in Okinawa. The species is considered to be a "living fossil" because the animals most closely related to it genetically are extinct. In: ''Ten astounding marine species of the last decade (2007–2017)''. Retrieved from the Lifewatch regional portal Web-site. References Further reading *Cordeiro, R., van Ofwegen, L. & Williams, G. (2015)[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helioporacea
Helioporacea is an order of the subclass Octocorallia that forms massive lobed crystalline calcareous skeletons in colonial corals. These corals first appeared in the Cretaceous period. It consists of two families, Helioporidae Moseley, 1876Moseley, H. N. (1876). On the structure and relations of the alcyonarian ''Heliopora caerula'', with some account of the anatomy of a species of ''Sarcophyton'', notes on the structure of species of the genera ''Millepora'', ''Pocillopora'', and ''Stylaster'', and remarks on the affinities of certain palaeozoic corals. ''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London'', 166, 91–129. and Lithotelestidae Bayer & Muzik, 1977.Bayer, F. M. & Muzik, K. M. (1977). An Atlantic helioporan coral (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 90(4), 975–984. The blue coral (''Heliopora coerulea''), the only extant species in the family Helioporidae, is most common in shallow water of the tropical Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epiphaxum
''Epiphaxum'' is a genus of anthozoans in the family Lithotelestidae Lithotelestidae is a family of coral in the order Helioporacea. It was erected in 1977 by Frederick Bayer and Katherine Muzik. It is characterized by a crystalline aragonite skeleton formed by stolons and calices, cylindrical calices with secon .... Species * '' Epiphaxum breve'' Bayer, 1992Bayer, F. M. (1992). The helioporacean octocoral ''Epiphaxum''. Recent and fossil. A monographic iconography. ''Studies in Tropical Oceanography'', 15, 1–76. * '' Epiphaxum micropora'' (Bayer & Muzik, 1977)Bayer, F. M. & Muzik, K. M. (1977). An Atlantic helioporan coral (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 90(4), 975–984. * '' Epiphaxum septifer'' Bayer, 1992 References Lithotelestidae {{octocorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanipora
''Nanipora'' is a monotypic genus of cnidarian in the family Lithotelestidae. It consists of one species, ''Nanipora kamurai''. Discovery ''Nanipora kamurai'' was first discovered in a public swimming area in Okinawa. The species is considered to be a "living fossil" because the animals most closely related to it genetically are extinct. In: ''Ten astounding marine species of the last decade (2007–2017)''. Retrieved from the Lifewatch regional portal Web-site. References Further reading *Cordeiro, R., van Ofwegen, L. & Williams, G. (2015)[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coral
Corals are marine invertebrates within the class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria. They typically form compact colonies of many identical individual polyps. Coral species include the important reef builders that inhabit tropical oceans and secrete calcium carbonate to form a hard skeleton. A coral "group" is a colony of very many genetically identical polyps. Each polyp is a sac-like animal typically only a few millimeters in diameter and a few centimeters in height. A set of tentacles surround a central mouth opening. Each polyp excretes an exoskeleton near the base. Over many generations, the colony thus creates a skeleton characteristic of the species which can measure up to several meters in size. Individual colonies grow by asexual reproduction of polyps. Corals also breed sexually by spawning: polyps of the same species release gametes simultaneously overnight, often around a full moon. Fertilized eggs form planulae, a mobile early form of the coral polyp which, when m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aragonite
Aragonite is a carbonate mineral, one of the three most common naturally occurring crystal forms of calcium carbonate, (the other forms being the minerals calcite and vaterite). It is formed by biological and physical processes, including precipitation from marine and freshwater environments. The crystal lattice of aragonite differs from that of calcite, resulting in a different crystal shape, an orthorhombic crystal system with acicular crystal. Repeated twinning results in pseudo-hexagonal forms. Aragonite may be columnar or fibrous, occasionally in branching helictitic forms called ''flos-ferri'' ("flowers of iron") from their association with the ores at the Carinthian iron mines. Occurrence The type location for aragonite is Molina de Aragón in the Province of Guadalajara in Castilla-La Mancha, Spain, for which it was named in 1797. Aragonite is found in this locality as cyclic twins inside gypsum and marls of the Keuper facies of the Triassic. This type of arago ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stolon
In biology, stolons (from Latin '' stolō'', genitive ''stolōnis'' – "branch"), also known as runners, are horizontal connections between organisms. They may be part of the organism, or of its skeleton; typically, animal stolons are external skeletons. In botany In botany, stolons are stems which grow at the soil surface or just below ground that form adventitious roots at the nodes, and new plants from the buds. Stolons are often called runners. Rhizomes, in contrast, are root-like stems that may either grow horizontally at the soil surface or in other orientations underground. Thus, not all horizontal stems are called stolons. Plants with stolons are called stoloniferous. A stolon is a plant propagation strategy and the complex of individuals formed by a mother plant and all its clones produced from stolons form a single genetic individual, a genet. Morphology Stolons may or may not have long internodes. The leaves along the stolon are usually very small, but in a few ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyx (anatomy)
Calyx is a term used in animal anatomy for some cuplike areas or structures. Etymology Latin, from ''calyx'' (from Ancient Greek ''κάλυξ, ''case of a bud, husk"). Cnidarians The spicules containing the basal portion of the upper tentacular part of the polyp of some soft corals (also called ''calice''). Entoprocta A body part of the Entoprocta from which tentacles arise and the mouth and anus are located. Echinoderms The body disk that is covered with a leathery tegumen containing calcareous plates (in crinoids and ophiuroids the main part of the body where the viscera are located). Humans Either a minor calyx in the kidney, a conglomeration of two or three minor calyces to form a major calyx, or the Calyx of Held, a particularly large synapse in the mammalian auditory central nervous system, named by H. Held in his 1893 article ''Die centrale Gehörleitung'', due to its flower-petal-like shape. Satzler, K., L. F. Sohl, et al. (2002). "Three-dimensional reconstruction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyp (zoology)
A polyp in zoology is one of two forms found in the phylum Cnidaria, the other being the medusa. Polyps are roughly cylindrical in shape and elongated at the axis of the vase-shaped body. In solitary polyps, the aboral (opposite to oral) end is attached to the substrate by means of a disc-like holdfast called a pedal disc, while in colonies of polyps it is connected to other polyps, either directly or indirectly. The oral end contains the mouth, and is surrounded by a circlet of tentacles. Classes In the class Anthozoa, comprising the sea anemones and corals, the individual is always a polyp; in the class Hydrozoa, however, the individual may be either a polyp or a medusa, with most species undergoing a life cycle with both a polyp stage and a medusa stage. In class Scyphozoa, the medusa stage is dominant, and the polyp stage may or may not be present, depending on the family. In those scyphozoans that have the larval planula metamorphose into a polyp, the polyp, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exoskeleton
An exoskeleton (from Greek ''éxō'' "outer" and ''skeletós'' "skeleton") is an external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body, in contrast to an internal skeleton (endoskeleton) in for example, a human. In usage, some of the larger kinds of exoskeletons are known as " shells". Examples of exoskeletons within animals include the arthropod exoskeleton shared by chelicerates, myriapods, crustaceans, and insects, as well as the shell of certain sponges and the mollusc shell shared by snails, clams, tusk shells, chitons and nautilus. Some animals, such as the turtle, have both an endoskeleton and an exoskeleton. Role Exoskeletons contain rigid and resistant components that fulfill a set of functional roles in many animals including protection, excretion, sensing, support, feeding and acting as a barrier against desiccation in terrestrial organisms. Exoskeletons have a role in defense from pests and predators, support and in providing an attachment framework f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcite
Calcite is a Carbonate minerals, carbonate mineral and the most stable Polymorphism (materials science), polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). It is a very common mineral, particularly as a component of limestone. Calcite defines hardness 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on Scratch hardness, scratch hardness comparison. Large calcite crystals are used in optical equipment, and limestone composed mostly of calcite has numerous uses. Other polymorphs of calcium carbonate are the minerals aragonite and vaterite. Aragonite will change to calcite over timescales of days or less at temperatures exceeding 300 °C, and vaterite is even less stable. Etymology Calcite is derived from the German ''Calcit'', a term from the 19th century that came from the Latin word for Lime (material), lime, ''calx'' (genitive calcis) with the suffix "-ite" used to name minerals. It is thus etymologically related to chalk. When applied by archaeology, archaeologists and stone trade pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
