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Lithobiomorpha
The centipedes or Chilopoda are divided into the following orders. Scutigeromorpha The Scutigeromorpha are anamorphic, reaching 15 leg-bearing segments in length. Also known as house centipedes, they are very fast creatures, and able to withstand falling at great speed: they reach up to 15 body lengths per second when dropped, surviving the fall. They are the only centipede group to retain their original compound eyes, within which a crystalline layer analogous to that seen in chelicerates and insects can be observed. They also bear long and multi-segmented antennae. Adaptation to a burrowing lifestyle has led to the degeneration of compound eyes in other orders; this feature is of great use in phylogenetic analysis. The group is the sole extant representative of the Notostigmophora, defined by having a single spiracle opening at the posterior of each dorsal plate. The more derived groups bear a plurality of spiracular openings on their sides, and are termed the Pleurostigmo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centipede
Centipedes (from New Latin , "hundred", and Latin , " foot") are predatory arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda (Ancient Greek , ''kheilos'', lip, and New Latin suffix , "foot", describing the forcipules) of the subphylum Myriapoda, an arthropod group which includes millipedes and other multi-legged animals. Centipedes are elongated segmented ( metameric) creatures with one pair of legs per body segment. All centipedes are venomous and can inflict painful bites, injecting their venom through pincer-like appendages known as forcipules. Despite the name, centipedes can have a varying number of legs, ranging from 30 to 382. Centipedes always have an odd number of pairs of legs; no centipede has exactly 100. Like spiders and scorpions, centipedes are predominantly carnivorous. Their size ranges from a few millimetres in the smaller lithobiomorphs and geophilomorphs to about in the largest scolopendromorphs. Centipedes can be found in a wide variety of environmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henicopidae
Henicopidae is a family of stone centipedes in the order Lithobiomorpha. There are about 19 genera and at least 120 described species recognised in the family Henicopidae. Genera References Further reading * * Lithobiomorpha Centipede families {{myriapoda-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithobiidae
Lithobiidae is a family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ... of centipedes in the order Lithobiomorpha, containing the following genera: *'' Alaskobius'' *'' Anodonthobius'' *'' Archethopolys'' *'' Arebius'' *'' Arenobius'' *'' Arkansobius'' *'' Atethobius'' *'' Australobius'' *'' Banobius'' *'' Bothropolys'' *'' Calcibius'' *'' Cerrobius'' *'' Cruzobius'' *'' Dakrobius'' *'' Delobius'' *'' Elattobius'' *'' Enarthrobius'' *'' Escimobius'' *'' Ethopolys'' *'' Eulithobius'' *'' Eupolybothrus'' *'' Friobius'' *'' Gallitobius'' *'' Garcibius'' *'' Garibius'' *'' Georgibius'' *'' Gonibius'' *'' Gosibius'' *'' Guambius'' *'' Guerrobius'' *'' Harpolithobius'' *'' Helembius'' *'' Hessebius'' *'' Juanobius'' *'' Kiberbius'' *'' Labrobius'' *'' Liobius' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compound Eye
A compound eye is a visual organ found in arthropods such as insects and crustaceans. It may consist of thousands of ommatidia, which are tiny independent photoreception units that consist of a cornea, lens, and photoreceptor cells which distinguish brightness and color. The image perceived by this arthropod eye is a combination of inputs from the numerous ommatidia, which are oriented to point in slightly different directions. Compared with single-aperture eyes, compound eyes have poor image resolution; however, they possess a very large view angle and the ability to detect fast movement and, in some cases, the polarization of light. Because a compound eye is made up of a collection of ommatidia, each with its own lens, light will enter each ommatidium instead of using a single entrance point. The individual light receptors behind each lens are then turned on and off due to a series of changes in the light intensity during movement or when an object in moving, creating a fli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scolopendra Paradoxa
''Scolopendra'' (through Latin from Greek , ''skolopendra'') is a species-rich genus of large tropical centipedes of the family Scolopendridae. Description The genus ''Scolopendra'' contains many species of centipedes found across the world's tropics and warmer temperate areas. The species vary considerably in coloration and size. ''Scolopendra'' are mostly very large centipedes. The largest species found in tropical climates can exceed and are the largest living centipedes in the world. All ''Scolopendra'' species can deliver a painful bite, injecting venom through their forcipules, which are not fangs or other mouthparts; rather, these are modified legs on the first body segment. Ecology ''Scolopendra'' are active predators, feeding primarily on insects and other invertebrates. Larger specimens have been observed preying on frogs, tarantulas, lizards, birds, snakes, rodents, and even bats. Two southeast Asian species, '' S. cataracta'' and '' S. paradoxa'', are amphibiou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scolopendra Cataracta
''Scolopendra cataracta'' is a species of centipede in the family Scolopendridae. It is the first known amphibious centipede, growing to up to in length. Discovery George Beccaloni, an entomologist and curator at the Natural History Museum, London, found a specimen of ''S. cataracta'' near the Khao Sok National Park in 2000, while on honeymoon in Thailand. Beccaloni described the centipede as "pretty horrific-looking: very big with long legs and a horrible dark, greenish-black colour" but what caught his attention was that it scurried into a stream rather than the forest when he turned over the stone it was hiding under on the stream bank – unusual behaviour as centipedes typically avoid water. It then ran along the stream bed and hid under a rock underwater. After capturing the centipede, Beccaloni observed that it swam like an eel below the water's surface; his discovery was greeted with scepticism by an expert on ''Scolopendra'', as these centipedes usually occur in d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simple Eye In Invertebrates
A simple eye (sometimes called a pigment pit) refers to a form of eye or an optical arrangement composed of a single lens and without an elaborate retina such as occurs in most vertebrates. In this sense "simple eye" is distinct from a multi-lensed "compound eye", and is not necessarily at all simple in the usual sense of the word. The structure of an animal's eye is determined by the environment in which it lives, and the behavioural tasks it must fulfill to survive. Arthropods differ widely in the habitats in which they live, as well as their visual requirements for finding food or conspecifics, and avoiding predators. Consequently, an enormous variety of eye types are found in arthropods. They possess a wide variety of novel solutions to overcome visual problems or limitations. Use of the term ''simple eye'' is flexible, and must be interpreted in proper context; for example, the eyes of humans and of other large animals such as most cephalopods, are '' camera eyes'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plutoniumidae
Plutoniumidae is a family of centipedes belonging to the order Scolopendromorpha. Centipedes in this family are blind and have 21 pairs of legs. Genera: * ''Plutonium Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol Pu and atomic number 94. It is an actinide metal of silvery-gray appearance that tarnishes when exposed to air, and forms a dull coating when oxidized. The element normally exhibi ...'' Cavanna, 1881 * '' Theatops'' Newport, 1844 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q21055416 Centipedes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scolopocryptopidae
Scolopocryptopidae is a family of blind centipedes. The number of leg-bearing segments is fixed at 23 for species in this family, which distinguishes the species in this family from all other centipede species. Genera * '' Dinocryptops'' * '' Ectonocryptoides'' * '' Ectonocryptops'' * '' Kartops'' * '' Kethops'' * ''Newportia'' * ''Scolopocryptops ''Scolopocryptops'' is a genus of bark centipedes in the family Scolopocryptopidae. There are at least 20 described species in ''Scolopocryptops''. Species These 22 species belong to the genus ''Scolopocryptops'': * '' Scolopocryptops aberran ...'' * '' Thalkethops'' * '' Tidops'' File:Scolopocryptops troglocaudatus Gruna do Cantinho Cave.jpg, alt=, Scolopocryptos troglocaudatus File:Newportia stoevi 2012 1-4.jpg, alt=, Newportia stoevi File:Scolopocryptops sexspinosus - inat 65004327.jpg, alt=, Scolopocryptops sexspinosus File:Newportia spelaea (10.3897-subtbiol.19.8207) Figure 3 (cropped).jpg, alt=, Newportia spelaea Referen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scolopendridae
Scolopendridae (or, in older documents, Scolopendridæ) is a family of large centipedes (class Chilopoda). Nearly all species in this family have four ocelli (simple eyes) on each side of the head and only 21 pairs of legs, but there are exceptions: two scolopendrid species feature more legs (''Scolopendropsis bahiensis'', with 21 or 23 leg pairs, and ''S. duplicata'', with 39 or 43 leg pairs), and some scolopendrid species are eyeless and blind (e.g., ''Cormocephalus sagmus'', ''C. pyropygus'', and ''C. delta''). Three Asian members of this family, '' Scolopendra cataracta'', '' Scolopendra paradoxa'', and '' Scolopendra alcyona,'' are known to show amphibious behaviour. Two other species, '' Scolopendra hardwickei'' and '' Hemiscolopendra marginata,'' are known to show sexual dimorphism in the composition of their venom. Genera Subfamily Otostigminae (Kraepelin, 1903) Tribe Otostigmini (Kraeplin, 1903) * '' Alipes'' Imhoff, 1854 * '' Alluropus'' Silvestri, 1911 * '' Digit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptopidae
The Cryptopidae are a family of scolopendromorph centipedes. Cryptopids are blind (lacking ocelli) and possess 21 pairs of legs. The genus ''Cryptops'' is the numerically largest in the family, comprising over 150 species worldwide. Classification The four genera, with at least 184 species, are: *''Cryptops'' Leach, 1815 *'' Paracryptops'' Pocock, 1891 *'' Tonkinodentus'' Schileyko, 1992 *'' Trigonocryptops'' Verhoeff, 1906 The genera ''Plutonium Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol Pu and atomic number 94. It is an actinide metal of silvery-gray appearance that tarnishes when exposed to air, and forms a dull coating when oxidized. The element normally exh ...'' and '' Theatops'', formerly classified in the cryptopid subfamily Plutoniuminae, are now placed in the recently elevated family Plutoniumidae. References Centipede families Scolopendromorpha {{Myriapoda-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
