Scolopendridae (or, in older documents, Scolopendridæ) is a
family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
of large
centipede
Centipedes (from New Latin , "hundred", and Latin , " foot") are predatory arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda (Ancient Greek , ''kheilos'', lip, and New Latin suffix , "foot", describing the forcipules) of the subphylum Myriapoda, an ...
s (
class
Class or The Class may refer to:
Common uses not otherwise categorized
* Class (biology), a taxonomic rank
* Class (knowledge representation), a collection of individuals or objects
* Class (philosophy), an analytical concept used differentl ...
Chilopoda). Nearly all species in this family have four ocelli (
simple eyes) on each side of the head and only 21 pairs of legs, but there are exceptions: two scolopendrid species feature more legs (''Scolopendropsis bahiensis'', with 21 or 23 leg pairs, and ''S. duplicata'', with 39 or 43 leg pairs), and some scolopendrid species are eyeless and blind (e.g., ''Cormocephalus sagmus'', ''C. pyropygus'', and ''C. delta''). Three Asian members of this family, ''
Scolopendra cataracta
''Scolopendra cataracta'' is a species of centipede in the family Scolopendridae. It is the first known amphibious centipede, growing to up to in length.
Discovery
George Beccaloni, an entomologist and curator at the Natural History Museum, L ...
'', ''
Scolopendra paradoxa
''Scolopendra'' (through Latin from Greek , ''skolopendra'') is a species-rich genus of large tropical centipedes of the family Scolopendridae.
Description
The genus ''Scolopendra'' contains many species of centipedes found across the world' ...
'', and ''
Scolopendra alcyona
''Scolopendra alcyona'', known in Japanese as 琉神大百足 ( ryûjin-ômukade, Ryujin giant centipede) and in English as the Halcyon giant centipede, is a species of amphibious centipede found in the Ryukyu Archipelago of Japan and Taiwan. I ...
,'' are known to show amphibious behaviour. Two other species, ''
Scolopendra hardwickei
''Scolopendra hardwickei'', the Indian tiger centipede, is a species of centipede in the family Scolopendridae
Scolopendridae (or, in older documents, Scolopendridæ) is a family of large centipedes (class Chilopoda). Nearly all species in thi ...
'' and ''
Hemiscolopendra marginata
''Hemiscolopendra marginata'', the eastern bark centipede, is a common species of centipede found in the Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, commonly referred to as the American East, Eastern America, or simply the East, is the ...
,'' are known to show sexual dimorphism in the composition of their venom.
Genera
Subfamily Otostigminae (Kraepelin, 1903)
Tribe Otostigmini (Kraeplin, 1903)
* ''
Alipes''
Imhoff, 1854
* ''
Alluropus''
Silvestri, 1911
* ''
Digitipes''
Attems
The House of Attems (Attimis in Italian) is the name of an ancient and illustrious Friulian parliamentary family that held the titles of princes, counts and barons. The family, from the native castle of Attimis, branched off into Italy and Austri ...
, 1930
* ''
Edentistoma''
Tömösváry,1882
* ''
Ethmostigmus
''Ethmostigmus'' is a genus of centipedes of the family Scolopendridae, containing the following species:
*''Ethmostigmus albidus'' Tömösváry, 1885
*''Ethmostigmus californicus'' Chamberlin, 1958
*''Ethmostigmus coonooranus'' Chamberlin 1920
...
''
Pocock, 1898
* ''
Otostigmus''
Porat, 1876
* ''
Rhysida
''Rhysida'' is a large genus of Scolopendromorph centipede in the subfamily Otostigminae. It is the second largest genus in the subfamily Otostigminae, with species found in the Neotropics, Indo-Malaya, and Africa. It shares some morphological c ...
''
Wood, 1862
Tribe Sterropristini (Verhoeff, 1937)
* ''
Sterropristes''
Attems, 1934
Subfamily Scolopendrinae (Leach, 1814)
* ''
Arthrorhabdus
''Arthrorhabdus'', from the Greek '' ἄρθρον'', a joint, and '' ῥάβδος'', a staff, is a genus of Scolopendrid centipede in the subfamily ''Scolopendrinae''.Shelley, R.M. & Chagas-Jr, Amazonas. (2004). The centipede genus Arthrorhab ...
''
Pocock, 1891 (= ''Arthrorhabdinus'')
* ''
Asanada
''Asanada'' is a genus of centipedes in the subfamily Scolopendrinae. It has thirteen known species, which usually grow between in length. It can be distinguished from the genus ''Cormocephalus'' (= ''Cupipes'') by having smooth (as opposed to ...
''
Meinert, 1885 (= ''Pseudocryptops'')
* ''
Asanadopsis''
Würmli, 1972
* ''
Campylostigmus''
Ribaut, 1923
* ''
Colobopleurus''
Kraepelin, 1903
* ''
Cormocephalus''
Newport, 1845
* ''
Cratoraricrus''
Wilson, 2003
* ''
Malaccolabis''
* ''
Notiasemus''
Koch, 1985
* ''
Procrytops''
Piton, 1940
* ''
Psiloscolopendra''
Kraepelin, 1903
* ''
Rhoda
''Rhoda'' is an American television sitcom created by James L. Brooks and Allan Burns starring Valerie Harper that originally aired on CBS for five seasons from September 9, 1974, to December 9, 1978. It was the first spin-off of ''The Mary Tyle ...
''
Meinert, 1886 (= ''Pithopus'')
* ''
Scolopendra
''Scolopendra'' (through Latin from Greek , ''skolopendra'') is a species-rich genus of large tropical centipedes of the family Scolopendridae.
Description
The genus ''Scolopendra'' contains many species of centipedes found across the worl ...
''
Linnaeus, 1758
* ''
Scolopendropsis''
Brandt, 1841
* ''
Tonkinodentus''
Schileyko, 1992
The earliest record of this family is †''
Cratoraricrus'', an extinct genus from the
Early Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous ( geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphic name), is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous. It is usually considered to stretch from 145 Ma to 100.5 Ma.
Geology
Pro ...
of the
Crato Formation
The Crato Formation is a geologic formation of Early Cretaceous ( Aptian) age in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin. It is an important Lagerstätte (undisturbed fossil accumulation) for palaeontologists. The strata were laid down mostly duri ...
of
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
.
References
External links
* http://chilobase.biologia.unipd.it
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1060764
Centipede families
thumb
The thumb is the first digit of the hand, next to the index finger. When a person is standing in the medical anatomical position (where the palm is facing to the front), the thumb is the outermost digit. The Medical Latin English noun for thumb ...
ZAMN
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