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List Of Myco-heterotrophic Genera
This is a list of plant genera that engage in myco-heterotrophic relationships with fungi. It does not include the fungi that are parasitized by these plants. Monocotyledons Burmanniaceae ( Dioscoreales) * ''Afrothismia'' - 3 species * '' Apteria'' - 1 species * '' Burmannia'' - 60 species * ''Campylosiphon'' - 1 species * ''Dictyostega'' - 1 species * ''Gymnosiphon'' - 50 species * ''Hexapterella'' - 2 species * ''Thismia'' - 28 species Corsiaceae (Liliales) * '' Arachnitis'' - 1 species * '' Corsia'' - 20 species * '' Corsiopsis'' - 1 species Iridaceae, formerly Geosiridaceae ( Asparagales) * ''Geosiris'' - 1 species Orchidaceae ( Asparagales) This list concerns only the species that are leafless or are losing photosynthetic function. * ''Aphyllorchis'' - 15 species * ''Corallorhiza'' - 15 species * '' Cymbidium'' - 1 species * '' Cyrtosia'' - 5 species * ''Cystorchis'' - 8 species * ''Cephalanthera'' - 1 species * ''Didymoplexis'' - 10 species * ''Epipogium'' - 3 spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant
Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). By one definition, plants form the clade Viridiplantae (Latin name for "green plants") which is sister of the Glaucophyta, and consists of the green algae and Embryophyta (land plants). The latter includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns and their allies, hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. Most plants are multicellular organisms. Green plants obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts that are derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green color. Some plants are parasitic or mycotrophic and have lost the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corsia
''Corsia'' is a little-studied plant genus from the monocotyledon family Corsiaceae. It was first described in 1877 by Italian naturalist Odoardo Beccari and contains 25 species, all of which lack chlorophyll and parasitize fungi for nutrition. All 25 species are distributed through New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands and Queensland, Australia. Description In terms of appearance, the species of ''Corsia'' are quite uniform except for the flowers.Paul Kores, David A. White, Leonard B. Thien: ''Chromosomes of Corsia (Corsiaceae)'', American Journal of Botany, Vol. 65, No. 5 (May - Jun., 1978), Page. 584-585, Chromosome counts are known only from two species: ''Corsia cornuta'' and ''C. clypeata''. Both have a diploid number (''2n'') of 18. Habit ''Corsia'' exist largely underground; only the seldom-formed flower stems develop above ground. The fine, thread-like and hairless root system is weakly branched and whitish, spreading widely just beneath the surf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephalanthera
''Cephalanthera'', abbreviated Ceph in horticultural trade, is a genus of mostly terrestrial orchids. Members of this genus have rhizomes rather than tubers. About 15 species are currently recognized, most of them native to Europe and Asia. The only species found in the wild in North America is ''Cephalanthera austiniae'', the phantom orchid or snow orchid. Ecologically, this species is partially myco-heterotrophic. Some of the Eurasian species hybridise. Several of the European species have common names including the word "helleborine", though orchids in other genera are also called helleborines. In addition to those listed here, very large numbers of other specific names will be found in the older literature, but these are almost all synonyms for the best known species such as ''C. longifolia'' or ''C. damasonium'', the European white helleborine. Species accepted as of May 2014 are: *'' Cephalanthera alpicola'' Fukuy. - Taiwan *''Cephalanthera austiniae'' (A.Gry) Heller - ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cystorchis
''Cystorchis'' is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It has 21 currently accepted species (June 2014), native to New Guinea, Southeast Asia, and the islands of the western Pacific. #'' Cystorchis aberrans'' J.J.Sm. #'' Cystorchis aphylla'' Ridl. #'' Cystorchis appendiculata'' J.J.Sm. #'' Cystorchis celebica'' Schltr. #'' Cystorchis dentifera'' Schltr. #'' Cystorchis gracilis'' (Hook.f.) Holttum #'' Cystorchis javanica'' (Blume) Blume #'' Cystorchis luzonensis'' Ames #'' Cystorchis macrophysa'' Schltr. #'' Cystorchis marginata'' Blume #'' Cystorchis ogurae'' (Tuyama) Ormerod & P.J.Cribb #'' Cystorchis orphnophilla'' Schltr. #'' Cystorchis peliocaulos'' Schltr. #'' Cystorchis ranaiensis'' J.J.Sm. #'' Cystorchis rostellata'' J.J.Sm. #'' Cystorchis saccosepala'' J.J.Sm. #'' Cystorchis salmoneus'' J.J.Wood #'' Cystorchis saprophytica'' J.J.Sm. #'' Cystorchis stenoglossa'' Schltr. #'' Cystorchis variegata'' Blume #'' Cystorchis versteegii'' J.J.Sm. See ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrtosia (plant)
''Cyrtosia'' is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains 5 known species, native to China, Japan, Korea, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia and New Guinea. #'' Cyrtosia integra'' (Rolfe ex Downie) Garay - Laos, Thailand, Vietnam #'' Cyrtosia javanica'' Blume - most of genus range #'' Cyrtosia nana'' (Rolfe ex Downie) Garay - Manipur, Thailand, Vietnam, Guizhou, Guangxi #'' Cyrtosia plurialata'' Seidenf. - Thailand #''Cyrtosia septentrionalis'' (Rchb.f.) Garay - Japan, Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Anhui, Henan, Hunan, Zhejiang See also * List of Orchidaceae genera This is a list of genera in the orchid family ( Orchidaceae), originally according tThe Families of Flowering Plants- L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz. This list is adapted regularly with the changes published in the ''Orchid Research Newsletter'' whi ... References * (1825) Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië 8: 396. * (2003) Genera Orchidacearum 3: 302 ff. Oxford Uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cymbidium
''Cymbidium'' , commonly known as boat orchids, is a genus of evergreen flowering plants in the orchid family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytic, lithophytic, terrestrial or rarely leafless saprophytic herbs usually with pseudobulbs. There are usually between three and twelve leaves arranged in two ranks on each pseudobulb or shoot and lasting for several years. From one to a large number of flowers are arranged on an unbranched flowering stem arising from the base of the pseudobulb. The sepals and petals are all free from and similar to each other. The labellum is significantly different from the other petals and the sepals and has three lobes. There are about fifty-five species and sixteen further natural hybrids occurring in the wild from tropical and subtropical Asia to Australia. Cymbidiums are well known in horticulture and many cultivars have been developed. Description Plants in the genus ''Cymbidium'' are epiphytic, lithophytic or terrestrial plants, or ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corallorhiza
''Corallorhiza'', the coralroot, is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family. Except for the circumboreal ''C. trifida'', the genus is restricted to North America (including Mexico, Central America and the West Indies). Most species are putatively parasitic, relying entirely upon mycorrhizal fungi within their coral-shaped rhizomes for sustenance. Because of this dependence on myco-heterotrophy, they have never been successfully cultivated. Most species are leafless and rootless. Most species produce little or no chlorophyll, and do not utilize photosynthesis. An exception is the yellowish green species '' Corallorhiza trifida'', which has some chlorophyll and is able to fix CO2. However, this species also depends primarily on fungal associations for carbon acquisition. List of species Many species names have been proposed that are now considered synonyms of other species, or members of other genera. Species accepted as members of ''Corallorhiza'' as of : See also * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphyllorchis
''Aphyllorchis'', commonly known as pauper orchids or as 無葉蘭屬/无叶兰属 (wu ye lan shu), is a genus of about twenty species of terrestrial leafless orchids in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus have fleshy, upright stems and small to medium-sized resupinate flowers with narrow sepals and petals. They are native to a region extending from India east to China and Japan, south to Indonesia, New Guinea and Queensland. Description Orchids in the genus ''Aphyllorchis'' are leafless, terrestrial, mycotrophic herbs. A few to many flowers are borne on an erect, usually fleshy, unbranched flowering stem. The flowers are resupinate, more or less cup-shaped with the sepals and petals free from each other and similar in length but with the dorsal sepal curving forwards. The labellum is larger than the sepals and petals, boat-shaped and divided into two main sections, an upper "epichile" and lower "hypochile". The epichile is attached to the base of the column ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corallorhiza Maculata 0905
''Corallorhiza'', the coralroot, is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family. Except for the circumboreal ''C. trifida'', the genus is restricted to North America (including Mexico, Central America and the West Indies). Most species are putatively parasitic, relying entirely upon mycorrhizal fungi within their coral-shaped rhizomes for sustenance. Because of this dependence on myco-heterotrophy, they have never been successfully cultivated. Most species are leafless and rootless. Most species produce little or no chlorophyll, and do not utilize photosynthesis. An exception is the yellowish green species ''Corallorhiza trifida ''Corallorhiza trifida'', commonly known as early coralroot, northern coralroot, or yellow coralroot, is a coralroot orchid native to North America and Eurasia, with a circumboreal distribution. The species has been reported from the United Sta ...'', which has some chlorophyll and is able to fix CO2. However, this species also depends p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orchidaceae
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering plants. The Orchidaceae have about 28,000 currently accepted species, distributed in about 763 genera. (See ''External links'' below). The determination of which family is larger is still under debate, because verified data on the members of such enormous families are continually in flux. Regardless, the number of orchid species is nearly equal to the number of bony fishes, more than twice the number of bird species, and about four times the number of mammal species. The family encompasses about 6–11% of all species of seed plants. The largest genera are ''Bulbophyllum'' (2,000 species), ''Epidendrum'' (1,500 species), ''Dendrobium'' (1,400 species) and ''Pleurothallis'' (1,000 species). It also includes ''Vanilla'' (the genus of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geosiris
''Geosiris'' is a genus in the flowering plant family Iridaceae, first described in 1894. It was thought for many years to contain only one species, '' Geosiris aphylla'', endemic to Madagascar. But then in 2010, a second species was described, ''Geosiris albiflora,'' from Mayotte Island in the Indian Ocean northwest of Madagascar. In 2017, a third species was found in Queensland, Australia, ''Geosiris australiensis'' . ''Geosiris aphylla'' is sometimes called the "earth-iris." It is a small myco-heterotroph lacking chlorophyll and obtaining its nutrients from fungi in the soil. The genus name is derived from the Greek words ''geos'', meaning "earth", and ''iris'', referring to the Iris family of plants. Its rhizomes are slender and scaly, and stems are simple or branched. The leaves are alternate, but having no use, are reduced and scale-like. The flowers are light purple. In 1939, F. P. Jonker assigned ''Geosiris'' to its own family Geosiridaceae in Orchidales, and this w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asparagales
Asparagales (asparagoid lilies) is an order (biology), order of plants in modern classification systems such as the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Web. The order takes its name from the type (biology), type family (biology), family Asparagaceae and is placed in the monocots amongst the lilioid monocots. The order has only recently been recognized in classification systems. It was first put forward by herbert Huber (botanist), Huber in 1977 and later taken up in the Dahlgren system of 1985 and then the APG in 1998, 2003 and 2009. Before this, many of its families were assigned to the old order Liliales, a very large order containing almost all monocots with colorful tepals and lacking starch in their endosperm. DNA sequencing, DNA sequence analysis indicated that many of the taxa previously included in Liliales should actually be redistributed over three orders, Liliales, Asparagales, and Dioscoreales. The boundaries of the Asparagales and of its fam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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