|
List Of Clostridium Species
As of October 2022, there are 164 validly published species in ''Clostridium'',Page ''Genus: Clostridium'' on as well as 38 species described but not validly published. Species * ''Clostridium aceticum'' * '' Clostridium acetireducens'' * ''Clostridium acetobutylicum'' * '' Clostridium acidisoli'' * '' Clostridium aciditolerans'' * '' Clostridium aestuarii'' * '' Clostridium akagii'' * '' Clostridium algidicarnis'' * '' Clostridium algifaecis'' * '' Clostridium algoriphilum'' * '' Clostridium amazonense'' * '' Clostridium aminophilum'' * '' Clostridium amylolyticum'' * '' Clostridium arbusti'' * '' Clostridium arcticum'' cae * ''Clostridium argentinense'' * ''Clostridium aurantibutyricum'' * ''Clostridium autoethanogenum'' * '' Clostridium baratii'' * ''Clostridium beijerinckii'' * '' Clostridium bornimense'' * ''Clostridium botulinum'' * '' Clostridium bowmanii'' * ''Clostridium butyricum'' * ''Clostridium cadaveris'' * ''Clostridium carboxidivorans'' * '' Clostridium carni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium
''Clostridium'' is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria. Species of ''Clostridium'' inhabit soils and the intestinal tract of animals, including humans. This genus includes several significant human pathogens, including the causative agents of botulism and tetanus. It also formerly included an important cause of diarrhea, ''Clostridioides difficile'', which was reclassified into the ''Clostridioides'' genus in 2016. History In the late 1700s, Germany experienced a number of outbreaks of an illness that seemed connected to eating certain sausages. In 1817, the German neurologist Justinus Kerner detected rod-shaped cells in his investigations into this so-called sausage poisoning. In 1897, the Belgian biology professor Emile van Ermengem published his finding of an endospore-forming organism he isolated from spoiled ham. Biologists classified van Ermengem's discovery along with other known gram-positive spore formers in the genus ''Bacillus''. This classification prese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Cavendishii
''Clostridium cavendishii'' is a Gram-positive, aerotolerant, anaerobic, spore-forming and motile hydrogen-producing bacterium from the genus ''Clostridium'' which has been isolated from contaminated groundwater Groundwater pollution (also called groundwater contamination) occurs when pollutants are released to the ground and make their way into groundwater. This type of water pollution can also occur naturally due to the presence of a minor and unwanted ... in the United States. References Bacteria described in 2010 cavendishii {{Firmicutes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Carnis
is a species of bacteria in the genus ''Clostridium ''Clostridium'' is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria. Species of ''Clostridium'' inhabit soils and the intestinal tract of animals, including humans. This genus includes several significant human pathogens, including the causative ag ...''. References carnis {{bacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Carboxidivorans
''Clostridium carboxidivorans'' is a Gram-positive anaerobic, spore-forming and motile bacterium from the genus ''Clostridium'' which has been isolated from an agricultural lagoon in Oklahoma in the United States. ''Clostridium carboxidivorans'' is capable of fermenting carbon monoxide Carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) is a colorless, poisonous, odorless, tasteless, flammable gas that is slightly less dense than air. Carbon monoxide consists of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom connected by a triple bond. It is the simple ..., hydrogen, and carbon dioxide, and produce ethanol, butanol and hexanol as end-products. C. carboxidivorans does this using the wood-ljungdahl pathway. References Bacteria described in 2005 carboxidivorans {{Firmicutes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Cadaveris
''Clostridium cadaveris'' is an enteric, gas-forming, motile, strictly anaerobic gram-positive bacterium of the genus ''Clostridium''. First described by Klein in 1899, it was noted to be the most prominent bacteria during human decomposition; historically it was described as "putrefying flora". ''Clostridium cadaveris'' is usually considered non-pathogenic; unlike other species of ''Clostridium'', it does not produce toxins. ''Clostridium cadaveris'' is found in soil, water, and is a normal component of the human intestinal tract. The genus ''Clostridium'' is large and phylogenetically diverse, comprising over 150 species. Clostridia are found extensively in nature predominantly as benign soil saprophytes. A number of ''Clostridium'' species are pathogenic to humans. Members including ''C.botulinium'', ''C. perfringens'', and ''C.septicum'' are spore forming and the cause of botulism and gas gangrene respectively. ''Clostridium cadaveris'' is closely related phylogenetically to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Butyricum
''Clostridium butyricum'' is a strictly anaerobic organism, anaerobic endospore-forming Gram-positive butyric acid–producing bacillus subsisting by means of fermentation (biochemistry), fermentation using an intracellularly accumulated amylopectin-like α-polyglucan (granulose) as a Substrate (chemistry), substrate. It is uncommonly reported as a human pathogen and is widely used as a probiotic in Asia (particularly in Japan, Korea and China). ''C. butyricum'' is a soil inhabitant in various parts of the world, has been cultured from the stool of healthy children and adults, and is common in soured milk and cheeses. The connection with dairy products is shown by the name: the ''butyr-'' in ''butyricum'' reflects the relevance of butyric acid in the bacteria's metabolism and the connection with Latin ''wikt:butyrum#Latin, butyrum'' and Greek ''wikt:βούτυρον#Ancient Greek, βούτυρον'', with word roots pertaining to butter and cheese. Industrial relevance The study ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Bowmanii
''Clostridium bowmanii'' is a psychrophilic, Gram-positive, anaerobic and spore-forming bacterium from the genus ''Clostridium ''Clostridium'' is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria. Species of ''Clostridium'' inhabit soils and the intestinal tract of animals, including humans. This genus includes several significant human pathogens, including the causative ag ...''. References Bacteria described in 2003 bowmanii {{Firmicutes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Botulinum
''Clostridium botulinum'' is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, spore-forming, motile bacterium with the ability to produce the neurotoxin botulinum. The botulinum toxin can cause botulism, a severe flaccid paralytic disease in humans and other animals, and is the most potent toxin known to mankind, natural or synthetic, with a lethal dose of 1.3–2.1 ng/kg in humans.(2010). Chapter 19. ''Clostridium'', ''Peptostreptococcus'', ''Bacteroides'', and Other Anaerobes. In Ryan K.J., Ray C (Eds), ''Sherris Medical Microbiology'', 5th ed. ''C. botulinum'' is a diverse group of pathogenic bacteria initially grouped together by their ability to produce botulinum toxin and now known as four distinct groups, ''C. botulinum'' groups I–IV, as well as some strains of ''Clostridium butyricum'' and ''Clostridium baratii'', are the bacteria responsible for producing botulinum toxin. ''C. botulinum'' is responsible for foodborne botulism (ingestion of preformed toxin), infant bot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Bornimense
''Clostridium bornimense'' is an anaerobic, mesophilic and hydrogen-producing bacterium from the genus ''Clostridium'' which has been isolated from a biogas reactor Biogas is a mixture of gases, primarily consisting of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste and food waste. It ... in Germany. References Bacteria described in 2014 bornimense {{Firmicutes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Beijerinckii
''Clostridium beijerinckii'' is a gram positive, rod shaped, motile bacterium of the genus ''Clostridium''. It has been isolated from feces and soil. Produces oval to subterminal spores. it is named after Martinus Beijerinck who is a Dutch bacteriologist. Industrially interesting for its ability to produce butanol, acetone and/or isopropanol at strictly anaerobic conditions at 37 °C using a wide range of substrates including (but not limited to) pentoses, hexoses and starch. Its ability to grow in simple, inexpensive media, stability in regard to strain degeneration, good adaptability to continuous processes and sustained production of solvents well into the log phase are other advantages of this bacterium. Recent developments have shown it is a possible candidate for efficient hydrogen production. See also * ''Clostridium acetobutylicum'' * Butanol Butanol (also called butyl alcohol) is a four-carbon alcohol with a formula of C4 H9 O H, which occurs in five isomeric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridium Baratii
''Clostridium baratii'' is an anaerobic, motile, gram-positive bacterium. It is a rare cause of infant botulism, in which newborns or infants lose their muscle tone, and develop trouble feeding due to a difficulty in breathing, which can be fatal. Newborns can recover spontaneously or as in two known cases improve with injected botulism antitoxin. , the environmental source of this bacterium is unknown, despite extensive investigations when cases have occurred. It is named after Barat who is a French bacteriologist. Diagnosis The diagnosis must be suspected based on the constellation of symptoms. ''Clostridium baratii'' infection is proven when it is grown on a[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |